Novel Sensing Techniques for Urban Transport
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1 Novel Sensing Techniques for Urban Transport Vassilis Kostakos Lab:USE, University of Madeira HCII, Carnegie Mellon University Monday, August , Oulu, Finland
2 Chapter 1: The Human is the focus Human Computer Interaction 101
3 $ C:\> 1 user 1 computer
4 Grouping things Proximity Similarity Connected
5 Making things separate Shape Color Size
6 Intensity vs. Hue The human eye has 10 times more rods than cones. This means that humans are better at interpreting changes in intensity rather than changes in color.
7 Focus BAD GOOD Humans find it difficult to perceive simultaneously highly saturated, spectrally extreme colors.
8 Mappings
9 Mappings
10
11 Feed-back & Feed-forward
12 Emergence of networking Many users - many computers Online collaborative systems
13 Making eye contact
14 Perception of authority
15 Human Computer Interaction, Trust, Privacy, Phishing Spatial & Transpatial Social Networks Urban Mobility & Encounter Epidemiology & Diffusion Space Syntax PEOPLE TECHNOLOGY SPACES Augmented Spaces Situated Services Delay Tolerant Networks
16 Let me show you my lab
17 Hack the city! Welcome to my Lab the city is the system
18 Plan of attack Step 1: Collect data. What is out there? Step 2: Create models to explain what is out there. Identify metrics. Step 3: Use the models to create better systems.
19 Chapter 2: Pervasive Computing 1.0 Controversy is a measure of progress
20
21
22 Mixed reactions People are unsure how to react It is definitely 2.0
23 O'Neill, E., Kostakos, V., Kindberg, T., Fatah gen. Schiek, A., Penn, A., Stanton Fraser, D. and Jones, T. (2006). Instrumenting the city: developing methods for observing and understanding the digital cityscape. In proceedings of UbiComp 2006, Lecture notes in Computer Science 4206, Springer, pp
24 Scanner time
25
26
27 Gatecount timelines
28
29 Scanner time
30 Scanner time
31 time
32
33
34 Kostakos, V., O Neill, E., Penn, A. (2007). Brief encounter networks. arxiv:
35 Power laws and exponential decays
36
37
38 Information Viruses No Strangers No Friends
39 Considering time
40
41 Kostakos, V. (to appear).! Space Syntax and pervasive systems.! In B. Jiang and X. A. Yao (Eds.), Geospatial Analysis and Modeling of Urban Structure and Dynamics, Springer, New York.
42 Data annotation
43
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45 Cityware facebook Cityware servers analyse data Cityware nodes record & upload data People with Bluetooth devices bumping into each other (shopping, school, work) Facebook application presents data Users' social network grows Kostakos, V. and O Neill E. (2008).! Cityware: Urban Computing to Bridge Online and Real-world Social Networks. In M. Foth (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Urban Informatics: The Practice and Promise of the Real-Time City. Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference, IGI Global, pp
46
47
48 Cityware for Facebook US MIT Stanford Boston Urbana-Champaign Michigan Portland Oklahoma New York Ohio UK Cambridge Oxford Nottingham Lancaster Warwick Bristol Manchester Melbourne Bremen Cairo Iceland
49 Facebook Bluetooth
50 Bluetooth vs. Facebook o - Facebook x - Bluetooth
51 Relationships between scanning sites Node: a physical location on the earth Link nodes that have been visited by same individual (bluetooth) Heavy links have many people travelling on them
52
53
54
55 It s a small world!
56
57 Real-time traffic measurement
58 Intelligent sensing for public transport a b c d e Kostakos, V. (2008).! Towards sustainable transport: wireless detection of passenger trips on public transport buses. arxiv:
59 Avg. Bluetooth passengers Bluetooth passengers Hour 80 Tickets validated Avg. Tickets Validated Hour
60 80 y = x Avg. Tickets Validated Avg. Bluetooth Passengers
61 Waiting for the bus Points! 6 time
62 Making use of the infrastructure 2 5 Scanners (inter) connected Central console issues services Services are (complex) rules Scanner reacts to people based on these rules 4 Scanner 3 1 6
63 Examples Send <Fred> <the 403 bus schedule> <between 7am-9am> Send <Joe> <sports news> <every 30 minutes> Send <*> <located downtown> <Happy New Year!> Send <Mary, John, Nick> <a voucher> if they wait <together> for <more than 20 minutes>
64 The end! Questions? cmu. edu www. labuse. org
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