Final project proposals are in!

Transcription

1 Welcome back to [occ]! (Week 8) Welcome back to [occ]! (Week 8) Welcome back to [occ]! (Week 8) Final project proposals are in! Questions about projects? Assignments? Logistics? Final project proposals are in! Questions about projects? Assignments? Logistics? 1 / 15

2 Today s Flight Plan: Today s Flight Plan: Today s Flight Plan: Foundations: (human) computation. Dynamic: dividing labor; distributed information processing. Cases: Mturk; Duolingo; Zooniverse (other examples from Zittrain talk). Challenge: ethics, exploitation, inclusion. Foundations: (human) computation. Dynamic: dividing labor; distributed information processing. Cases: Mturk; Duolingo; Zooniverse (other examples from Zittrain talk). Challenge: ethics, exploitation, inclusion. 2 / 15

3 human computation? human computation?

4 A definition: crowdsourcing Crowdsourcing is the performance of tasks online by distributed groups of individuals who may or may not be financially compensated by the individuals, groups, or organizations designing and requesting the completion of the tasks. A definition: crowdsourcing A definition: crowdsourcing Crowdsourcing is the performance of tasks online by distributed groups of individuals who may or may not be financially compensated by the individuals, groups, or organizations designing and requesting the completion of the tasks. Source: Aniket Kittur, Jeffrey V. Nickerson, Michael Bernstein, Elizabeth Gerber, Aaron Shaw, John Zimmerman, Matt Lease, and John Horton The Future of Crowd Work. Computer Supported Cooperative Work. Source: Aniket Kittur, Jeffrey V. Nickerson, Michael Bernstein, Elizabeth Gerber, Aaron Shaw, John Zimmerman, Matt Lease, and John Horton The Future of Crowd Work. Computer Supported Cooperative Work. 4 / 15

5 Overlapping terms Overlapping terms Overlapping terms human computation citizen science microtasks crowd work ubiquitous human computing and more... human computation citizen science microtasks crowd work ubiquitous human computing and more... 5 / 15

6 France, 1758 France, 1758 France, 1758 Three astronomers calculate the perihelion of Halley s comet by hand. They were off by 1 month. Complex system of taking large calculations, breaking them up into littler and littler ones, combining and error-checking results to produce final, high-quality result. 6 / 15

7 Human computers become the state of the art way to solve large math problems! This is a group working on constructing ballistics tables during World War I (I think). This was a popular application for human computers. See When Computers Were Human by David Alan Grier (not the comedian) for a wonderful history of this. 7 / 15

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10 And then... And then... And then... Eventually, electronic computers replaced the humans. But, as you can see, women were still usually the people programming the computers (Grace Hopper). This changed later, but it s interesting. Now, digital computers perform wrote, repetitive mathematical tasks. We expect this to be true. We resent it when it s not. 10 / 15

11 But sometimes computers are still human! 11 / 15 But sometimes computers are still human! But sometimes computers are still human!

12 Quick detour: Amazon s Mechanical Turk Quick detour: Amazon s Mechanical Turk Quick detour: Amazon s Mechanical Turk / 15

13 Zittrain s pyramid of human computation diagram the pyramid. Zittrain s pyramid of human computation How do the examples work? Is this an effective mapping of this domain?

14 East coast pessimism vs West coast optimism East coast pessimism vs West coast optimism East coast pessimism vs West coast optimism What is the (optimistic) potential? What are the key concerns? (individual level & systemic level) What is to be done? 14 / 15

15 For Friday: For Friday: For Friday: Finish reviewing, commenting on, and copy editing, other group s Wikipedia articles (WP Task 5). Come prepared to work on finalizing your articles with your group. Begin working on Wikipedia task write-up (see WP Task 6). Finish reviewing, commenting on, and copy editing, other group s Wikipedia articles (WP Task 5). Come prepared to work on finalizing your articles with your group. Begin working on Wikipedia task write-up (see WP Task 6). 15 / 15