English Version. Conservation of cultural property - Main general terms and definitions concerning conservation of cultural property

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1 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM ICS ; English Version DRAFT pren January 2009 Conservation of cultural property - Main general terms and definitions concerning conservation of cultural property Conservation des biens culturels - Principaux termes généraux relatifs à la conservation des biens culturels, et définitions correspondantes Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Allgemeine Begriffe zur Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 346. If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation. Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. pren 15898:2009: E

2 Contents Foreword...4 Introduction...5 Scope Cultural Heritage Tangible cultural heritage (synonym: cultural property) Object (synonym: item) Collection Significance Value Authenticity Context Condition Integrity Defect Ageing Alteration (synonym: change modification) Damage Deterioration Instability (antonym = stability) Weathering Conservation Conservation planning Investigation Condition survey Condition report Documentation Monitoring Risk assessment Treatment (synonym: intervention) Reversibility Compatibility Durability (synonym: permanence) Stability Cleaning Consolidation Collection management Preventive conservation (synonyms: passive conservation/ indirect action/ preservation) Maintenance Collection care Housekeeping Environmental control Emergency planning Remedial conservation (synonyms: curative conservation / stabilisation) Mass conservation treatment Restoration Reassembly Reconstruction Reintegration Page 2

3 5.4 Repair Rehabilitation Renovation Bibliography Index

4 Foreword This document (pren 15898:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 346 Conservation of cultural property, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry. 4

5 Introduction This standard tries to give support and assistance for the use of a common language in the filed of conservation of cultural property, reducing misunderstanding between the different people working in this field. This document refers only to tangible cultural heritage. This document collects an initial set of terms, identified as main general terms, with particular attention to those which refer to the operating cycles, such as conservation and restoration. This document is not comprehensive and at the moment it covers only those main general terms which are deemed to assist conservators, restores, scientists, architects, historians, students, etc. in their work by establishing a set of common terms. 5

6 Scope This document defines the main general terms used in the field of conservation of cultural property with particular attention to those terms which have wide use or significance. 1 Cultural Heritage The corpus, tangible and intangible, of artistic, symbolic, historic, social, cultural, scientific or technical expressions of importance to humankind 1.1 Tangible cultural heritage (synonym: cultural property) Material expression of cultural heritage, movable or immovable Object (synonym: item) Element of tangible cultural heritage Collection A group of object or items having common significance held by an institution or owner 1.2 Significance The sum of the values of cultural heritage Value The degree of importance that an individual or society places on an object or item of cultural heritage Authenticity The reliability of the judgement of significant placed on an object or item Context The circumstances in which an object or item was created and used, and its present and future status as a basis for decision making 1.3 Condition The state of an object or item at a particular time Integrity Material wholeness, completeness, and unimpaired or uncorrupted condition [1] Defect Imperfection of an object or item due to the production process 6

7 1.3.3 Ageing gradual change over time in material properties Alteration (synonym: change modification) Change in material properties Damage Change in the condition of an object or item that may reduce its significance Deterioration The process of becoming progressively worse in condition Decay The worsening in condition materials Instability (antonym = stability) Condition which could leads to potential damage Weathering Any alteration of an object or item brought about by the action of the weather 2 Conservation All measures and actions aimed at safeguarding cultural heritage while ensuring its accessibility to present and future generations. 2.1 Conservation planning Comprehensive management process for the conservation of an object or item or collection respecting its cultural heritage significance Investigation Process of determining the significance and condition of an object or item including examination to gather qualitative and quantitative information Condition survey Inspection carried out to record and assess the condition of an object or item or collection Condition report Dated and authored record of the condition of an object or item or collection, which may result from a condition survey, as a basis for decision making 7

8 2.1.4 Documentation Recorded information of any nature that is created collected held and maintained for the purpose of present and future conservation and for reference Monitoring A continuous process of measuring change over time in the condition of an object or item collection and the environment Risk assessment Identification, analysis and evaluation of threats and their probability of occurrence that might alter the significant object or item or collection 2.2 Treatment (synonym: intervention) Any direct action on an object or item, namely remedial conservation and/or restoration Reversibility The extent to which the effect of a treatment can be undone and/or the ability of a material to be removed without damaging the object or item to which it was applied Compatibility The degree to which one material can be use with another materials without putting the significant of the object or item at risk Durability (synonym: permanence) Ability of a material to resist change over time Stability Degree of resistance to change in material structure Cleaning Removal of foreign or unwanted material Consolidation The addition of material in order to give to an object or item part or all, the physical properties for which it has been conceived 2.3 Collection management The application of institutional policies and procedures to care for, organise and improve a collection in order to ensure its accessibility 8

9 3 Preventive conservation (synonyms: passive conservation/ indirect action/ preservation) All indirect measures and actions aimed at avoiding and minimizing future deterioration or loss. They are carried out within the context or on the surroundings of an object or item or a group of object or items, whatever their age and condition 3.1 Maintenance Periodic application of actions aiming to reduce the need for remedial conservation Collection care preventive conservation applied to a collection Housekeeping collection care applied in a furnished historic house 3.2 Environmental control Management of one or more potentially damaging environmental factors Emergency planning All measures and actions taken to mitigate the effects of destructive natural or human made events and to reduce the risk of damage or loss 4 Remedial conservation (synonyms: curative conservation / stabilisation) All actions directly applied to an item or object or item or a group of them aimed at arresting current damaging processes or reinforcing their structure. 4.1 Mass conservation treatment Uniform remedial treatment applied at the same time to a large number of object or items in similar condition. 5 Restoration All actions directly applied to a single and stable object or item aimed at facilitating its appreciation, understanding and use. They are based on respect for the original material 5.1 Reassembly Putting existing but dismembered parts back together [2] 5.2 Reconstruction Re-establishment of an object or item, using old or new material, in its supposed original form, based on documentary or material evidence 9

10 5.3 Reintegration Addition of material in order to facilitating the perception and understanding of an item or object or item 5.4 Repair Limited intervention on an object or item to recover its functionality 5.5 Rehabilitation Intervention on a building, garden or landscape in order to recover its original use or adapt it to a different use Renovation Rehabilitation without respecting the significance 10

11 Bibliography [1] NARA, Nara Seminar for urban heritage and development, 1999 [2] ICOMOS, New Zealand Charter for the Conservation of Places of Cultural Heritage Value,

12 Ageing...7 Alteration (synonym: change modification)...7 Authenticity...6 Cleaning...8 Collection...6 Collection care...9 Collection management...8 Compatibility...8 Condition...6 Condition report...7 Condition survey...7 Conservation...7 Conservation planning...7 Consolidation...8 Context...6 Cultural Heritage...6 Damage...7 Decay...7 Defect...6 Deterioration...7 Documentation...8 Durability (synonym: permanence)...8 Emergency planning...9 Environmental control...9 Housekeeping...9 Instability (antonym = stability)...7 Index Integrity... 6 Investigation... 7 Maintenance... 9 Mass conservation treatment... 9 Monitoring... 8 Object (synonym: item)... 6 Preventive conservation (synonyms: passive conservation/ indirect action/ preservation)... 9 Reassembly... 9 Reconstruction... 9 Rehabilitation Reintegration Remedial conservation (synonyms: curative conservation / stabilisation... 9 Renovation Repair Restoration... 9 Reversibility... 8 Risk assessment... 8 Significance... 6 Stability... 8 Tangible cultural heritage (synonym: cultural property)... 6 Treatment (synonym: intervention)... 8 Value... 6 Weathering

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Munkaanyag TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN/TS 16555-4 December 2014 ICS 03.100.40; 03.100.50; 03.140 English Version Innovation management - Part 4: Intellectual property