FSRU READY FOR THE FUTURE?

Transcription

1 FSRU READY FOR THE FUTURE? Patrick Carey Braemar 28 September 2017

2 What is FSRU? Floating 2

3 What is FSRU? Floating Storage 3

4 What is FSRU? Floating Storage and Regasification 4

5 What is FSRU? Floating Storage and Regasification Unit FSRU 5

6 Poll? What is the future of FRSU Projects? A. Large permanent facilities? B. Short term solutions? C. Small-scale and for Developing Nations? D. All of the above? 6

7 Regasification Trends 7 * Source: US Energy Information Administration

8 Regasification Trends 8 * Source: US Energy Information Administration

9 Why use FSRU? 9

10 Onshore vs. FSRU Onshore Permanent Structure Large footprint available Large storage capacity ability to expand Static conditions for equipment Constructed on site Accessible CapEx US$245 per tonne capacity 10

11 Why use FSRU? 11

12 Onshore vs. FSRU FSRU Flexibility can move to another location Limited space - Fixed small storage capacity Equipment installed on moving deck Constructed at yard Remote CapEx US$109 per tonne capacity Higher OpEx Crew, Support Vessels etc. 12

13 Conditions best suited to FSRU Lower demand Limited pipeline access Limited land availability Short timeline to implementation Temporary supply required 13

14 Question? Which country might suit FRSU Projects? A. USA? B. Russia? C. Kuwait? D. Indonesia? 14

15 Where are FSRUs being used? 15

16 How do they work? Vessel Systems Loading Storage Tanks Gasification Offloading Power and utilities Ship to Ship Transfer External Infrastructure Ship to Shore Transfer Jetties Mooring Buoys Quayside Facilities Subsea Facilities Pipelines 16

17 Loading/Offloading Loading Transfer Liquid from Ship to Ship directly or via Static Facility Compensate for tide and wave motion Attach/Detach to/from LNG Delivery Tanker Cryogenic concerns Embrittlement and Contraction 17

18 Ship to Ship Transfer 18

19 Loading/Offloading Offloading Transfer Gas from Ship to Shore Facility Compensate for tide and wave motion Detach from Vessel Allow Vessel to turn to prevailing weather 19

20 Loading Arms 20

21 Vessel Systems Storage Tanks Independent - Self-Supporting Expand and Contract Moss Spheres Prismatic Independent Tanks Bi-lobe Tanks Integral - Supported by Hull Structure Cannot Expand or Contract Membrane Tanks 21

22 Integral Membrane Tank 22

23 Independent Are not secured to hull structure Allow for Contraction Reduced Free Surface Effect Less efficient use of space 23

24 Regasification 24

25 Open Rack Vaporiser (ORV) 25

26 Submerged Combustion Vaporiser 26

27 Infrastructure Jetty 27

28 Infrastructure Single Point Mooring 28

29 Infrastructure - Turret 29

30 Infrastructure - Turret 30

31 FSRU Risks Risks in construction are comparable to an FPSO Project, reduced field works, a Vessel constructed or converted in a Shipyard. Construction of the FSRU in the Yard reduces both frequency of incidents and their associated costs a Shipyard is an environment designed solely for the construction of large marine projects. Technologies in use in FSRU projects have been extensively proven in either FPSO or onshore LNG applications. Some elements that may be used have shown a pattern of losses in other applications Turrets Submergible Buoy Systems Subsea Pipelines Moorings 31

32 FSRU Policy How to cover Construction WELCAR? Ship BAR? Onshore CAR? In Operations Operations Package Policy Offshore Property Vessels? If FSRU transits / shuttles (e.g. Excelerate Gulf) do we treat as Tanker i.e. H&M and P&I. 32

33 The Future - Planned and Proposed 33

34 Case Study Future Applications 34

35 Case Study Future Applications Sulawesi

36 Case Study Future Applications Sulawesi 36

37 Case Study Future Applications 37

38 Case Study Future Applications 38

39 Case Study Future Applications 39

40 In Summary Floating Regasification is making up a greater part of the growing overall LNG Regasification capacity. Construction of the FSRU is quicker and cheaper than Onshore alternatives, but capacity is limited and operating costs are increased. Innovative solutions are being developed especially for emerging markets. The Technologies involved are known and proven, only the application is novel. 40

41 Poll? What is the future of FRSU Projects? A. Large permanent facilities? B. Short term solutions? C. Small-scale and for Developing Nations? D. All of the above? 41

42 42

43 FSRU READY FOR THE FUTURE? Patrick Carey Braemar 28 September 2017