3D PRINTING AND DESIGN TECHNOLOGY, PROGRAMMING AND ROBOTICS

INTRODUCTION What are we going to learn? How the designing process works 3D printing Uses Types Printing process Materials CAD Software Practical project

REMEMBER TO Take notes Follow the lesson with the book Stay quiet at your desk while the teacher is speaking

DESIGN 1. DESIGNING PROCESS FORMAL ANALYSIS: Shape and design FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS: Purpose and function REMEMBER (PAGE 6) TECHNICAL ANALYSIS: Physical appearance and construction SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS: Origin, environmental impact and price

DESIGN 1. DESIGNING PROCESS What it its external shape? FORMAL ANALYSIS What are its external dimensions? FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS What is the object used for? How does it work?

DESIGN 1. DESIGNING PROCESS TECHNICAL ANALYSIS How many parts make up the object? What material is used? How are the parts linked to each other? How does its use impact on the environment? SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS What is its approximate sales price? Is it expensive or cheap compared to other objects with the same function?

EXAMPLE: BOTTLE FORMAL ANALYSIS: TECHNICAL ANALYSIS: Made out of plastic/glass Not too heavy 2 parts: bottle and lid + views FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS: Liquid container It contains liquid when the lid is on SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS: Recycle plastic no danger for the environment Very cheap if it s made from plastic

DESIGN ANALYSE AN OBJECT Time for you to do the analysis You can choose any object. Examples: Pencil Bag Pencil case Glass Plate Chair Table Etc. FORMAL ANALYSIS: Shape and design FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS: Purpose and function TECHNICAL ANALYSIS: Physical appearance and construction SOCIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS: Origin, environmental impact and price

FORMAL ANALYSIS Full drawing Elevation views How it works Breakdown of the object Assembling the parts

EXAMPLE: CHAIR Full drawing and views We can add a description

EXAMPLE: CHAIR Breakdown and assembly

ANALYSE Analyze 1, page 6 Look at the three pencil holder models on this page. Which one is probably handmade? How many parts has it got?

TECHNICAL DRAWING

EXAMPLE REAL EXAMPLE

MATERIAL

SCALE

LINES EXAMPLE

1.2. VIEWS We represent the views to understand the geometry and to represent its measurements accurately

1.2. VIEWS

PLAN VIEW If you are situated just above the object. That is called PLAN VIEW

SIDE VIEW If you are situated just in one side the object. That is called SIDE VIEW

FRONT VIEW If you are situated just in front of the object. That is called FRONT VIEW

EXAMPLES

EXAMPLES HIDDEN EDGES!

APPLY APPLY 5 (Page 7) Draw the main views for the snail on page 6

3D PRINTING Think about advantages and disadvantages about 3D Printing. Make a list with at least 5 in each category

3D PRINTING Additive manufacturing Since 2648 B.C.

3D PRINTING It has been used for more than 30 years for industrial purposes But only now, is when we have started to use them

3D PRINTING Has been used for more than 30 years for industrial purposes But only now, is when we have started to use them

3D PRINTING: USES PROTOTYPES: Traditionally, 3D printers have been used, as said before, for industrial purposes, to create prototypes.

3D PRINTING: USES ARCHITECTURE AND ENGINEERING: New complex shapes can be obtained with 3D printers. Architecture I Chinese building Car

3D PRINTING: USES BIOMEDICINE: It also helps doctors to create custom prosthetics and implants. Cast

3D PRINTING: USES CLOTHING: There have been some clothing designers using 3D printers for making custom pieces of clothing. Clothes Shoe

3D PRINTING: USES PERSONAL USE: Now, with 3D printers being cheap, anybody can design and print at home. It is a good remedy for the programmed obsolescence Personal use I Food printer

3D PRINTING: USES Applications are infinite, so think about what would you print and why? Do you think that it could be possible to print?

3D PRINTING: TYPES Stereolithography (SLA): uses liquid polymer inside a deposit that is sensitive to light. With a laser, or UV light, it solidifies. They are very precise (often use for more delicate objects, like pieces of jewellery or in medicine), but also expensive. SLA

3D PRINTING: TYPES Selective Laser Sintering (SLS): uses polymer powder inside a deposit that is sensitive to light. With a laser, it melts the powder and then solidify it. This process is called sintering. They are very precise and they don t waste a lot of material, but expensive. SLS

3D PRINTING: TYPES Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM): Plastic is melted and then extruded and deposited layer by layer. These printers are the most used at home. They are not very precise, and also not expensive. RepRap Project: cloned printers FDM

3D PRINTING: PROCESS Designing the object Exporting the design in a 3D format Configuring the printer Printing the object Final treatments

3D PRINTING: DESIGNING THE OBJECT This can be done using a CAD (Computer Aided Software) software such as: FreeCAD SolidWorks Tinkercad SketchUp Also, we can scan the object using a 3D scan

3D PRINTING: EXPORTING THE FILE The file extension is.stl (like the.pdf for documents)

3D PRINTING: CONFIGURING THE PRINTER We use a software named CURA There are some printing options: We have to scale the object Select the printing velocity How thick the walls are Density of the object

3D PRINTING: PRINTING THE OBJECT First, we must calibrate the printer When it is ready, it deposits layers of melted plastic (200º) into the printing bed and it solidifies immediately. It knows the trajectory that has to follow and creates the layers Normally, a small object lasts around 15-20 minutes A bigger object, like the Charmander, it lasted 5 hours

3D PRINTING: FINAL TREATMENTS After an object has been printed, we have to remove the supports and polish it

PRINTING MATERIALS ABS: Often used in the toy industry. It can be polished with acetone. We need at least a temperature of 230º to melt it Very hard and rigid PLA: Is a thermoplastic 210º Fast printing PLA is fragile HIPS: Very similar to ABS. It is used for supporting ABS PET: Transparent, low level of toxicity. Water bottles are made of PET Laywood-d3, Ninjaflex, Nylon