Life in 1916 Ireland: Stories from statistics

Life in 1916 Ireland: Stories from statistics

Life in 1916 Ireland: Stories from statistics We searched for statistics to illustrate what life was like for people living 100 years ago We compared to data available for today Created an electronic publication - available on cso.ie Contains 72 tables and Census returns for about 70 people associated with the Rising Also created a smaller paper publication, 18 tables and Census returns for 3 men, 3 women associated with the Rising

Population has increased in Ireland 3,139,688 people in 1911-4,588,252 by 2011 An increase of 46% or 1,448,564 Dublin County more than quadrupled Kildare more than tripled Meath +183%, Wicklow +125%, Louth +93%

Largest population increases in the east

Population by age and sex, 1911 and 2011

Actual versus projected 1926 population Projected 1926 population Actual 1926 population Actual 1926 population less projected 1926 population Age in 1911 Age in 1926 Males Females Total Age in 1926 Males Females Total Males Females Total 10-14 25-29 154,182 148,967 303,149 25-29 106,646 108,755 215,401-47,536-40,212-87,748 15-19 30-34 155,523 147,920 303,443 30-34 92,502 90,798 183,300-63,021-57,122-120,143 20-24 35-39 141,288 127,770 269,058 35-39 87,349 88,410 175,759-53,939-39,360-93,299

More variety now in names for baby boys Top 10 baby boys names in 1911 Top 10 baby boys names in 2014 John Patrick James Michael Thomas William Joseph Edward Peter Daniel Jack James Daniel Conor Seán Adam Luke Noah Harry Charlie 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500

More variety now in names for baby girls also Top 10 baby girls names 1911 Top 10 baby girls names 2014 Mary Bridget Margaret Ellen Catherine Annie Elizabeth Kathleen Kate Anne 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 Emily Sophie Emma Grace Ava Ella Amelia Mia Lucy Aoife 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000

Housing in 1911 Nearly 10% of dwellings in 1911 had 10+ rooms Compared to 2.8% in 2011 In Dublin 22% of dwellings had 10+ rooms in 1911 And 36% of Dublin dwellings were one room tenements Dublin was clearly place of extremes for housing

Census of Population and people of the Rising Extraordinary people doing ordinary things Selected interesting people associated with the Rising and found their Census returns 7 signatories of the Proclamation, 9 other executed men 18 women associated with the Rising Other men involved with the Rising Some of the individuals involved with the British Administration Selection of some famous people

James Connolly 1868-1916 Found 1901 and 1911 Census returns for James, wife Lillie and their children 1901 Census included daughter Mona aged 9 However Mona not included on 1911 return she died in an accident in 1903 Mystery regarding infirmity on the 1911 Census return

Michael O Hanrahan 1877-1916 Found 1901 and 1911 Census returns for Michael living with his parents and siblings Ages of the children do not tally between the 2 Censuses 1901 filled out by Father 1911 filled out by widowed Mother 1901- Michael aged 24, was a cork cutter 1911- Michael aged 28, was an unemployed reader for the Press

Hanna Sheehy Skeffington 1877-1946 Hanna was a suffragette Suffragettes boycotted 1911 Census Enumerator entered her details (got name, age, length of marriage and place of birth incorrect) New questions on Census 1911 on marriage and children to accumulate data on fertility and infant mortality rates

Elizabeth (Farrell) O Farrell 1884-1957 Found the 1901 and 1911 Census forms for Elizabeth O Farrell Elizabeth was with Pearse when he surrendered to General Lowe. In the 1911 Census Elizabeth was living with her sister Bridget who was recorded as the head of the household Bridget (29) had been married for 9 years She had given birth to five children only two were still alive Daughter (also called Bridget) aged 3 and a son (Seagan) aged 1

Grace Gifford Plunkett 1888-1955 Found the 1911 Census return for Grace Grace s father, Frederick (75) was a solicitor and Roman Catholic Her mother Isabella (63) was Church of Ireland Grace (23) was one of twelve children born to Frederick and Isabella, of whom eleven were alive at the time of the Census in 1911 Grace and her sisters Helen and Muriel worked with several groups founded to help improve the lives of the Irish poor Grace Gifford married Joseph Plunket on 3 May 1916 Joseph was executed the following day

Constance Markievicz 1868-1927 No record in 1911 Census May have been in jail Found Census form for daughter Maeve (9) in Sligo with Constance s mother, Georgina Gore Booth (67) Five other people in the house, includes four servants Mix of religions Georgina and a visitor to house were Church of England Maeve and two servants were Church of Ireland Cook and stable boy were Catholic

Very young children admitted to Industrial schools, 1916 12 years and under 14 10 years and under 12 8 years and under 10 6 years and under 8 Under 6 years 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Girls Boys

Infant mortality very high in Dublin city in 1916 Carlow Dublin City Dublin County Kildare Kilkenny Laois Longford Louth Meath Offaly Westmeath Wexford Wicklow Clare Cork Kerry Limerick Tipperary North Tipperary South Waterford Galway Leitrim Mayo Roscommon Sligo Cavan Donegal Monaghan Infant mortality rate, 1916 0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0 Deaths to babies under 1 year per 1,000 births

Causes of infant deaths under 1 year, 1916 (all island) Infantile attrophy, debility, marasmus Convulsions Premature birth Diarrhea and enteritis Bronchitis Pneumonia Whooping cough Gastroenteritis Congenital malformation Gastritis Tuberculosis diseases Meningitis (not Tuberculous) 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000

Rise in births outside marriage 70,000 63,284 60,000 50,000 46,495 40,000 30,000 25,179 20,000 10,000 0 1,530 1916 2012 In marriage Outside marriage

Rise in Civil and Other marriage ceremonies Roman Catholic Church of Ireland, Presbyterian Civil Other 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 1916 2014

Bronchitis, pneumonia, TB were main causes of the 50,627 deaths in Ireland in in 1916 Bronchitis & pneumonia TB Heart disease Cancer Infectious diseases & influenza Violent deaths Pregnancy related 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000

Deaths spread over all age groups in 1916 85 and over 2014 1916 Deaths by age group, 1916 and 2014 75-84 65-74 55-64 45-54 35-44 25-34 15-24 5-14 1-4 Under 1 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 12,000

Life expectancy increased, especially for younger ages Life expectancy, 1911 and 2011 80 70 60 50 Years 40 30 20 10 0 Age 0 15 45 65 Males 1911 Females 1911 Males 2011 Females 2011

Causes of death, 1916 and 2014 Tuberculosis Heart disease Bronchitis Cancer Pneumonia Other violent deaths Influenza Whooping cough Meningitis and Encephalitis Pregnancy and childbirth Diabetes Measles Diptheria Scarlet fever 0 2,000 4,000 6,000 8,000 2014 1916

Government revenue soared during war Government revenue and expenditure in Ireland, 1911-1916 Revenue Expenditure 25 20 15 millions 10 5 0 1911/12 1912/13 1913/14 1914/15 1915/16 1916/17

Food dominated 1922 CPI weights 1922 weights 2011 weights 18.43 11.37 5.20 7.04 17.48 57.05 78.13 5.30 Food and nonalcoholic drinks Clothing Fuel and light Other

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