ECIS PE Pre-Conference Three Aspects of Mindfulness in Education: MINDFULNESS BASED WELLBEING FOR PE TEACHERS Kevin Hawkins & Amy Burke Vienna April 19 th 2017 Being Mindful Teaching Mindfully Teaching Mindfulness What are we doing here? What is mindful awareness training and how is it used in schools? How is it applied in sports? How is that pertinent to teaching PE, health and coaching? Why might we need it for ourselves? What impact can mindful awareness have on our teaching? How can we train for ourselves and our kids? Age of Onset of Major Depression (N=4041; Zisook, 2007, American Journal of Psychiatry) 2007 1967 Mark Williams/MiSP 1
Bloom s Taxonomy of Learning Knowledge Comprehension Application Analysis Synthesis Evaluation Cognitive: mental skills http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/bloom.html Source: Microsoft attention spans, Spring 2015 Taxonomies of Learning The Three Domains of Educational Activities (Bloom, et al. 1956) PHYSICAL Cognitive: mental skills Psychomotor: manual or physical skills Affective: growth in feelings or emotional areas MENTAL HEALTH & WELLBEING EMOTIONAL http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/bloom.html 2
Understanding ourselves - our minds, our bodies, our emotions, - is a key life skill MINDFULNESS BASED WELLBEING Self Awareness Emotional Regulation Two modes of mind Thinking Conceptual Comparing Planning Analysing Goal-se:ng Remembering Sensing Seeing Tas*ng Touching Hearing Smelling Mark Williams/MiSP 3
Three Aspects of Mindfulness in Education: Teaching Mindfulness 4
October 19-22, 2017 5
Mindfulness is: The awareness that arises when we pay attention on purpose in the present moment with curiosity and kindness to things as they are Jon Kabat-Zinn After an 8 week mindfulness meditation program found increased greymatter density in the hippocampus decreased greymatter density in the amygdala Mindfulness Meditation Training Changes Brain Structure in 8 Weeks, January 2., 2011 http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/01/110121144007.htm 6
Training For Resilience Juan Coto Mental toughness is the ability to work with one s thoughts, emotions and energy in order to achieve and maintain states that support peak performance in a demanding environment. Juan Coto (1969-2016) http://www.alliancecoaching.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/juan-coto.jpg Philosophy: Focus on the things you can control Release pressure on what you can t Fundamental Focus: Process not Outcome Primary Tools: Mindful Awareness Breath Visualisation PEAK PERFORMANCE You need to be energised, committed, confident, focused and present. Juan Coto Training Principle: Alternating stress and recovery Johanna Konta https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/konta_us16_%2848%29_%2829236562133%29.jpg/1200px-konta_us16_%2848%29_%2829236562133%29.jpg https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/konta_us16_%2848%29_%2829236562133%29.jpg/1200px-konta_us16_%2848%29_%2829236562133%29.jpg 7
Purpose PEAK PERFORMANCE Energy Management THOUGHTS Future Past What What might happened.. happen? EVENT Challenging situation Mission and values Learning Mind-set Assumptions and stories that we tell ourselves 1. Energised 2. Committed 3. Focused 4. Confident Source of fuel and prerequisite for the rest Emotional Agility Skilful response to feelings STATE HOW YOU FEEL BODY RESPONSE BEHAVIOUR Angry Nervous Sad Frustrated Jerky Heavy Tight Slow GROWTH MINDSET PERFORMANCE Everything is Growth Mindful Attention Training Breathe Relax the mind LANGUAGE MEMORY VALUES BELIEFS ASSUMPTIONS Refocus on the process - not the outcome THE ZONE Visualise Strategy MINDSET Trigger Words From Juan Coto 8
Get Present! Environmental scan Progressive relaxation Visualise Don t dwell on the past Focus on the process Positivity Breathe Very often we rush ourselves. We get ahead of time or we live in the past. Both things bring anxiety. Even in matches we try to rush; it s very important to breathe and try to stay in that moment and do your best. A single moment, when you do your best, is what counts. Ana Ivanovic https://issuu.com/tennishead/docs/vol7-1 http://cdnau.ibtimes.com/sites/au.ibtimes.com/files/styles/v2_article_large/public/2015/12/22/ana-ivanovic.jpg Mindfulness helps me process pain and emotions. It lets me focus on what s really important. It helps me turn down the volume in my brain. I used to freeze up whenever I made a mistake now, when I blow a serve or shank a backhand, I still get those flashes of selfdoubt but I know how to handle them: I acknowledge the negative thoughts and let them slide by, focusing on the moment. REFLECTION: What do you think/feel about mindful awareness training, and mental toughness in sports/pe? How does this all fit with your own experiences of teaching and coaching PE and Sports? What do you think your kids need in this area? Novak Djokovic Serve to Win https://cdn9.qutee.com/wp-content/uploads/gformsrcwduploads/8/26/1034/novak_djokovic_dubai_tennis_3269733.jpg 9
Smiling Mind App How can mindfulness help? Attention the capacity to sustain curiosity Emotional Regulation Awareness of physical, emotional and mental events Self-knowledge noticing recurring thought patterns Empathy understanding self and other Breathing and grounding techniques to calm and centre Space and time to respond rather than react 10
http://sport-attitude.org/ http://sport-attitude.org/ 11
FEELINGS Negativity Bias THOUGHTS STATE SENSATIONS ACTIONS From Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Storytelling Pattern Completion I don t want to go to school today But you have to darling Why? Because you are the Principal 12
Juan Coto In a challenging situation the untrained mind starts thinking about the future: What if I lose? What will my coach say? What will my parents think? When you think about the future you become anxious and your system fires the fight or flight response. You tense up, your heart rate goes up and you start making errors and poor decisions. Then the untrained mind starts dwelling on those mistakes and the emotion is one of anger or frustration. So the untrained mind and the challenging situation becomes a wheel of emotion: looking at the future and getting anxious, not performing well and getting frustrated. Three Aspects of Mindfulness in Education: Oxygen Mask Principle Being Mindful 13
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2014 Can mindfulness training for active-duty Marines prior to deployment improve mechanisms underlying resilience? METHOD: Four randomly selected platoons assigned mindfulness training Four assigned to a training-as-usual Platoons were assessed - at baseline, - 8 weeks after baseline, - during and after a stressful combat training session RESULTS: Based on physiological blood, brain and heart markers, Marines who received training showed: enhanced heart rate, breathing rate recovery after stressful training lower plasma neuropeptide-y concentration after stressful training lower blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal in the right insula and anterior cingulate. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that mechanisms related to stress recovery can be modified in healthy individuals prior to stress exposure, with important implications for evidencebased mental health research and treatment. 82 teachers randomly assigned to training group or control group After 8 weeks Less negative emotion Reduced feelings of depression Increase in positive states of mind http://www.yoga4classrooms.com/yoga-4-classrooms-blog/teacher-burnout-yoga-mindfulness-for-teacher-resilience-classroom 14
Chronic Elevated Stress Levels a New Normal After 5 months Lower blood pressure Recovered from stressful task more quickly Greater feelings of compassion towards others Less hostility or contempt http://creativerelaxation.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/schools_teacher.png Tim Burns : h7p://www.aisa.or.ke/uploaded/downloads/aisa2012conference/materials_handouts/burns_insftute_handout.pdf Mindfulness in your Daily Life Mindfulness Informal Practice Practice during every day activities Adapted from Daniel Siegel, forward to Social Neuroscience of Education 15
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