SS 32 October 12, 2007 Yuji NAKAKITA Land Mobile Communications Division, Radio Department Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan
ITS for Safety and Security Overview Vehicle-to-Vehicle system and road-to-vehicle system. Millimeter wave radar system to sense the distance between vehicles or vehicle and obstacles. 先行車 car in front ~100m 側方車 car on the right Proposed Frequency band 側方車 car on the left Wireless that t construct ad hoc wireless networks instantaneously and to determine the distance. UHF bands for vehicle to vehicle 5.8GHz bands for road to vehicle 78-81GHZ 81GHZ bands for millimeter-wave radar using 79GHz band 1
New IT Reform Strategy (IT Strategic Headquarters, Jan. '06) The world s safest road traffic environment ー Reducing traffic fatalities to 5,000 or below ー Targets Reduce the number of traffic fatalities and serious injuries by deploying Cooperative Driving Safety Support Systems. Policies 1.Form a joint committee from the public and private sectors in early 2006 to work towards the realization of Cooperative Driving Safety Support Systems with the goal of preventing traffic accidents, investigate the best form of effective services/systems including comparisons of the characteristics of various media, and investigate the content of verification experiments. 2.Based on the results of the above investigations, conduct large-scale verification testing of Driving Safety Support Systems through collaboration between the public and private sectors on the selected regional public roads while maintaining harmony with local traffic patterns, investigate the best form of effective service systems, and make quantitative assessments of the contribution to reductions in traffic accidents by FY 2008. 3.Deploy Driving Safety Support Systems throughout the country with a focus on sites where traffic accidents occur frequently and promote the widespread use of on-board equipment that are compatible with those systems by FY 2010. 2
Promotion Framework and Progress of Studies Under the New IT Reform Strategy Framework ITS Promotion Council (ITS-Safety Safety 2010) The New IT Reform Strategy stipulated that form a joint committee from the public and private sectors in early 2006 investigate the form of effective services/systems. In April 2006 the ITS Promotion Council and Working group was established with the Cabinet Secretariat (IT Policy Office) as the coordinator and its members are now examining large-scale demonstration tests. [Members] 4 ITS-related agencies/ministries (NPA, MIC, METI, MLIT), Cabinet Secretariat, Nippon Keidanren (Japan Business Federation), ITS Japan, Progress of studies First Meeting (April 2006) Second Meeting (August 2006) Third Meeting (March 2007) Compiled The form of the demonstration tests for the Implementation of Driving Safety Support Systems report 3
ITS-Safety 2010: Organization ITS Promotion Council Working Group Cabinet Secretariat NPA Road Bureau, MLIT ITS Japan Field Operations Test WG Toyota, Nissan, Honda, Mazda Road Transport Bureau, MLIT MIC METI Japan Business Federation 4
Image of Joint Verification Testing Location: Tokyo (under examination) Cooperation of Roadto-vehicle and vehicle-to-vehicle Infrared beacon System seamlessly combining freeway with general roads Traffic congestion ahead. DSRC Stopped traffic ahead. Start slowing to avoid collision. Traffic congestion ahead. Start slowing. There is a vehicle ahead of you Vehicle-tovehicle Infrared beacon Oncoming vehicle approaching Conduct verification of media Road-to-vehicle 5
The verification tests of Driving Safety Support Systems by MIC Investigations and verifications for the practical use of driving safety support tele systems (2007 2009 [scheduled]) (FY2007: 530 million budgeted) Overview: In actual environments, verify the effectiveness of a number of radio spectrum media in vehicle-to-vehicle systems and road-to-vehicle systems that support safe driving. Contribute to pre-testing in FY2007 and large-scale demonstration tests in FY2008 Case 1: Rear-end collisions Case 2: Collisions with oncoming vehicles The 車車間通信により見えない system obtains information on unseen 前方の停止車 低速走行車両 cars ahead that are stopped or traveling slowly via vehicle-to-vehicle 情報を入手 s The system provides the driver with 前方に停止車 低速走行車が information, cautions, or warnings about いることをドライバに情報提 the slow or stopped car ahead and controls braking 供 注意喚起 警報 制動制御 The 車車間通信により 接 system obtains information on nearby cars via vehicle-to-vehicle 近車両の情報を入手 s The 直交道路上を走行中の system provides information, cautions, 車両に対する情報提供 or warnings to cars traveling on 注意喚起 警報 制動制 crossroads and controls braking 御 Sends 停止車 低速走行 vehicle information when 中の車両情報を送信 stopped or traveling slowly Sends 自車位置等の情報を送信 own position and other information 状況 : 追突 Situation: Rear-end collision Locations: 場所 Single-lane : 単路 交差点 roads, intersections 違反項目 : 安全運転義務違反 Situation: Collision with oncoming 状況 : 出会い頭衝突 traffic 場所 Locations: : 一時停止交差点 Controlled intersections, 信号なし 一時停止なし交差点 intersections without signal lights, uncontrolled 違反項目 : 安全運転義務違反 intersections 6
Development Goal for the Practical Realization of a Driving Safety Support Information Communication System Ex. 1: Development of a vehicle-to-vehicle l and road-to-vehicle system that t utilizes the characteristics ti of radio waves Through vehicle-to-vehicle, 車車間通信により見えない information is obtained 前方の停止車 低速走行車両 about stopped or slow moving 情報を入手 vehicles in front, and this information is used to alert the 前方に停止車 低速走行車が driver and/or assist with braking いることをドライバに情報提供 注意喚起 警報 制動制御 Transmits 停止車 低速走行 information 中の車両情報を送信 that the vehicle is stopped or moving Ex. 1: Vehicle-to-vehicle at a curb with poor visibility 状況 : 追突場所 : 単路 交差点違反項目 : 安全運転義務違反 Ex. 2: Vehicle-to-vehicle at the corner with poor visibility Approaching Vehicle information, etc. Ex. 3: Road-to-vehicle for a vehicle with visibility obscured by a large truck Ex. 2: Development of a system that coordinates vehicle-to-vehicle and road-to-vehicle s Development of a variety of information systems which support safety driving by using radio wave Vehicle-to-vehicle Road-to-vehicle Achievement of the government s goal of reducing traffic fatalities to 5,000 or below 7
Effective Spectrum Use which will be available after completion of digitization of terrestrial TV broadcasting 90~108MHz (1~3ch) 170~222MHz (4~12ch) Analog TV Broadcasting 470~770MHz (13~62ch) Analog TV Broadcasting Digital TV Broadcasting Analog TV Broadcasting Broadcasting g g After digitization Digital TV Broadcasting (13~52ch) 90 108 170 222 710 770 Teles Council Report (June 27, 2007) 90~108MHz 170~222MHz 710~770MHz 90 108 170 202.5 207.5 222 715 725 730 770 Self-owned s (to preserve security and safety) Broadcasting (multi-media mobile broadcasting etc.) ITS Teles (cellular phones etc.) 8
Technical Specifications of DSRC in Japan DSRC Frequency band System Occupied bandwidth 5.8GHz band Active system 4.4MHz Channel Downlink 7 Modulation Data rate Communication Uplink 7 Maximum Power supplied to Antenna ASK,QPSK (ETC ; ASK only) 1Mpbs/ASK 4Mbps/QPSK (ETC ; 1Mbps only) Base Station 300mW TDMA/FDD Mobile Station 10mw 5770 5725 5 5650 ISM Amateur Service 5875 5850 5850 DSRC Fixed Satellite 6485 Fixed Micro Wave 5925 6425 6570 [MHz] Broadcast Auxiliary Service Downlink Uplink Characteristics of DSRC - High data rate - Suitable for rapid movement - Suitable for multiple l lanes DSRC ETC ETC 5775 5780 5785 5790 5795 5800 5805 5815 5820 5825 5830 5835 5840 5845 MHz #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 5850 MHz 5770 9
Millimeter Wave Car Radar [Type of Sensor] Object Sensor Supersonic sensor Laser sensor Millimeter radar Image sensor Characteristics Small-scale and low cost, but, easy to receive surrounding noise. Short distance. High precision, high functionality ypossible. Weak against poor weather conditions (especially fog). High precision, high functionality. Can be used in all weather. Used both in short and long (1~100m) High precision, high functionality possible. Complex image processing technology required. Weak against bad weather (particularly fog and rain). Car in front 60GHz 76GHz Additional bands (ex. 79GHz) Millimeter Wave Car Radar ~100m Millimeter wave Used but not much Since 1995 Most commonly used Since 1997 (Under Study) Car on side 10
Research and Development Projects 1 Ubiquitous it ITS R&D Project 2005~20072007 (Overview) For the purpose of preparing an ubiquitous environment in the world of ITS as well, MIC has been engaged in this R&D concerning vehicle to vehicle, vehicle to road, and advancement of telematics. (Goal Examples) Achieve rapid and real-time vehicle-to-vehicle (delay time within 100msec or less) Enhance data compression rates and reduce transmission code length to ½ or less, compared with existing technologies, in order to deliver road traffic information efficiently using terrestrial digital broadcasting Research and develop elemental technologies which will foster a safer and more comfortable transportation environment 2) Research and Development of the Technologies that improve the use of the existing frequency aimed at achieving Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication that support Safety Driving technology 2007~2009 (Overview) Research and development of advanced technology for vehicle-to-vehicle which makes effective use of limited frequency resources (Goal Examples) Enhance the capacity of system to four(4) time than that of existing systems which perform Career sense Achieve the technology of vehicle grouping which enables fast and reliable vehicle-to- vehicle that cover roughly 100 vehicles Research and develop advanced vehicle-to-vehicle which improve transmission efficiency and frequency capacity 11
Ubiquitous ITS R&D Project "Ubiquitous ITS" where anyone can enjoy any information, anytime, anywhere and without any special operation, will realize a safe and secure transportation society where anyone can move comfortably and freely. Joint R&D Members: NICT, KDDI, TOYOTA, FUJITSU, Ubiquitous ITS Ubiquitous Networking Society DENSO, NHK, ATR ITS applications via digital broadcasting ITS for the pedestrians using electronic tags, etc y Budget: 0.7billion Yen(FY06) Year: 2005-2007(3 years) Advanced information Disaster informatio n There is a step. On-thespot informatio Road safety with s between n cars Will change lanes Too close Vehicle ID authorized DSRC Parking space number 1 is open. The parking fee is xxx yen. Telematics via 3G & 4G mobile phones Car ahead Millimeter wave radars Millimetric wave Cars on both sides Exit VICS ETC Millimeter wave high-speed ~100m Current ITS 12
R&D of the Technologies that improve the use of the existing frequency aimed at achieving Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communication that support Safety Driving technology Joint R&D Members: NICT, Toyota Central R&D Labs, OKI Budget: 3.7 hundred million Yen(FY07) Year: 2007-2009(3 years) Resource: Spectrum User Fee By limiting vehicle group to group Masters, system capacity is increased By going around obstacles with the UHF band, the coverage area expands 1) Adoptive vehicle to vehicle Research and development of protocols which quickly and adaptively change transmission systems while maintaining high transmission quality 2) vehicle to vehicle in a group Vehicle Group A Research and development of vehicle to vehicle technology which use the spectrum effectively using the system of vehicle to vehicle in a group 3) Autonomously access control technology Research and development of access control technology for enabling effective access by multiple vehicles Communication within vehicle groups (5.8GHz band): Communication between groups (UHF band): Master of the group : Master of the group: Master of the group: By keeping s separate, between group Masters and within vehicle groups, system capacity is increased (Ex) Image of between groups of vehicles 13
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