ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING (3D PRINTING) AND ITS USE IN ALLIED HEALTH PROFESSIONS BRADFORD GILDON ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DEPT. OF MEDICAL IMAGING AND RADIATION SCIENCES
WHAT IS ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING? Rapid prototyping 3D printing Method of manufacture where layers of material are built up to create solid object CAD to STL; STL to G-Code; Print! Removal of prints from bed Post-processing often required
PREVIOUS INDUSTRY USE Mainly used for rapid prototyping and concepts/design in engineering, etc. Number of printers under $5,000 sold globally per year Wohlers report 2015
CONSUMER LEVEL PRINTING Miniatures for D and D and character game use Cartoon characters and knick-knacks Cosplay and Props
USEFULNESS IN HEALTHCARE?! ALLIED HEALTH APPLICATIONS
MEDICAL IMAGING USE
SURGICAL APPLICATIONS
TYPES OF PRINTERS MATERIAL EXTRUSION FDM/FFF (FUSED DEPOSITION MODELING / FUSED FILAMENT FAB.) Method of action Melts filament; glue gun Materials used Thermoplastic materials PLA, ABS, PC, Nylon, etc. Cost of printer $ - $$ $150 - $10,000 Applications Quick, cost effective for non-functional prototypes, planning models, etc.
TYPES OF PRINTERS PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION SLA / DLP (STEREOLITHOGRAPHY / DIRECT LIGHT PROCESSING) Method of action Photopolymerization resin undergoes photo stimulation, chemical reaction hardens it Materials used Photopolymer resin Cost of printer $$ - $$$ $3,000 - $15,000 Applications Parts with fine details, smooth finishing surface Jewelry, investment casting and dental/medical applications
TYPES OF PRINTERS POWDER BED FUSION SLS / SLM (SELECTIVE LAYER SINTERING / SELECTIVE LASER MELTING) Method of action Thermal source induces fusion between powder particles Materials used Lasers and electron beams Plastics and metals Cost of printer $$$ - $$$$ Applications Design freedom (no support) for complex geometries High strength and stiffness
TYPES OF PRINTERS MATERIAL JETTING NPJ / DOD (NANO PARTICLE JETTING / DROP ON DEMAND) Method of action Compared to 2D ink jetting process Materials cure/harden when exposed to light or high temps Materials used Photopolymers, metals, or wax Cost of printer $$$$ Applications Realistic prototypes, excellent high detail and high accuracy Multiple materials and colors in one print
FILE TYPES AND SOFTWARE.STL Stereolithography file; standard triangle language; standard tessellation language.obj Geometry file, similar to STL CAD several types; often proprietary to software DICOM Digital imaging and communication in medicine.nrrd Nearly raw raster data.mix Meshmix document; image exchange file containing vectors or raster graphics.gcode (G-code) Generic term for control langue of CNC or RepRap machines; controls print speed, movement, flow, etc.
APPLICATION IN MEDICAL IMAGING Software INTENSE! Phantom CT exam DICOM data DICOM Slicer program.nrrd.nrrd Segmentation software (Democratize3d, Amira, Avizo, etc.).stl
APPLICATION IN MEDICAL IMAGING Import into slicing program (Simplify 3D, Slic3r, ideamaker, MatterControl, etc.) Make edits to print orientation, support/scaffolding structures, layer thickness, infill, etc..gcode.gcode Print!
MIRS ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING AND 3D PRINT LAB Printing of: Model for anatomical teaching / understanding Anatomical models for surgical planning Sterilizable, surgical cutting and drilling guide models Prototypes for research / development Instruction of students in all aspects of image acquisition, data/file conversion and manipulation, and printing Printer acquisition this fall; functional lab in early spring 2018 for both teaching and printing
INTERESTED WANT YOUR OWN PRINTS? http://library.ouhsc.edu/3dprintpolicies No investment needed! Library has 2 printers for education prototype and even personal use! For class or educational item; free For personal use, $2 setup fee plus cost of filament
GET INVOLVED! 3D Printing Special Interest Group (SIG) Available on D2L; can add yourself Meets weekly, Thursdays, @ 4:00 pm in the north end of the CAH atrium Discuss various projects from week to week, or answer questions and share info
RESOURCES www.3dhubs.com excellent resource for info on 3D printing technology, specific printers, materials, and more www.tinkercad.com introductory CAD software for creating ones own objects to print www.thingiverse.com repository of ready-made.stl and.obj files www.myminifactory.com second place for ready-made.stl and.obj files www.embodi3d.com biomedical 3D printing community with medical.stl files, tutorials, and forums www.ou.edu/innovationhub.html Innovation Hub (in Norman)
PREVIOUS PRINTS TEXAS TORTOISE
PREVIOUS PRINTS ROTHCHILD S GIRAFFE
PREVIOUS PRINTS PELVIS PHANTOM
PREVIOUS PRINTS HEART WITH AXIAL SEGMENTATION
PREVIOUS PRINTS RESOLUTION OF STRUCTURES
PREVIOUS PRINTS FUN!