The University f Pennsylvania Lighting Guidelines: Interir Lighting Cntrls Lighting Cntrl Design Guidelines & Instructins fr Use Prepared by: www.keystnels.cm 1362 S. Athertn Street State Cllege, PA 16801 (814) 237-0091
Intrductin Keystne Lighting Slutins (KLS) was engaged by the University f Pennsylvania (Penn) t design and develp lighting standards r guidelines, primarily fr use with Century Bnd lighting upgrade prjects. Standards develpment will be cnducted in multiple phases. This dcument references standards develped fr interir lighting cntrls. Future phases will address exterir fixtures & cntrls. While the wrk cnducted in this phase f standards develpment has resulted in recmmendatins fr changes t Penn s current lighting guidelines, the primary deliverable fr this engagement was the creatin f a new Lighting Cntrl Design Guide. This design guide will be a cmplimentary supplement t the current Penn lighting guidelines and previusly develped Lighting Upgrade Design Guide. The remainder f this dcument fcuses n hw t use this design guide and its intended rle in the prject develpment prcess. Lighting Cntrl Design Guide This sectin will fully explain the cncept, frmat and utilizatin f the Lighting Upgrade Design Guide. Cncept There are many factrs that need t be cnsidered when designing lighting cntrls fr existing r new facilities. Key factrs include: Rm Cnsideratins Area, Height, Shape, Ceiling Type, Obstructins (i.e. Cubicles) Space Requirements False Trip Sensitivity Cde Cnsideratins ASHRAE 90.1 requirements (i.e. 2007 r 2010) Design Preferences Sensr Technlgy (i.e. Wireless, Digital r Analg) Optimal Munting Lcatin Wall Switch, Ceiling, Crner r Fixture Munted Each f the abve factrs will have multiple ptins creating many hundreds f unique applicatins. Cntrl guidelines shuld pint a lighting designer tward a specific lighting cntrl slutin fr each f the abve unique applicatins. Effective guidelines shuld prvide enugh directin t the lighting designer that they understand specifically what lighting cntrl slutin shuld be specified. Frmat The Lighting Cntrl Design Guide creates the cnnectin between unique applicatins and specific slutins. Given the large number f unique applicatins, the Lighting Cntrl Design Guide has been develped as a user-driven query tl in MS Excel frmat. The user f the guideline can filter rm, space, design and cde criteria t fcus n a single unique applicatin. T the right f these filtered fields will be additinal clumns that define the recmmended cntrl slutin. Penn Interir Lighting Cntrl P a g e 1 Last Updated: Guidelines & Instructins fr Use December 31 st, 2013
Rm/Space Infrmatin Space Type Rm/Space Size Rm/Space Shape Ceiling Type Ceiling Height Cubicles r Dividers False Trip Sensitivity Cde Requirement Scalable Preferred Cntrl Technlgy (Wireless, Digital, Analg, Best Fit) Space Allwing Cntrls < 250 SF Rectangular Grid < 15' N Sensitive ASHRAE 90.1-2007 Must have ability in the future t be cntrlled & mnitred by SCADA system Analg Cntrl Recmmendatin Family Munting Sensr Technlgy Input Vltage Pwer Pack Cntrl Methd Time Delay Manufacturer & Part # Cmment Analg Wall Switch Replacement PIR Line N Manual On/ Aut Off 5 Min Wattstpper SensrSwitch (r equal) Nt easily scalable The spreadsheet is prtected allwing the user t filter fields but nt change cntent f any cell. General Cmments The fllwing is a list f ther general cmments that shuld be cnsidered in the use f the Lighting Cntrl Design Guide: Use f these recmmendatins and guidelines will create cnsistency in lighting cntrl design within a building and acrss all Penn buildings. The user has the ability t filter slutins based n False Trip Sensitivity. The tw chices are Sensitive and Very Sensitive. While a crrectly specified cntrl munted in the crrect lcatin shuld rarely cause false tripping (i.e. turning lights ff when still ccupied) sme spaces are mre sensitive than thers. The Very Sensitive ptin shuld be used when the designer wants additinal insurance against false tripping. When this ptin is chsen ften a dualtechnlgy (see belw) will be recmmended. The user has ability t filter slutins based n their Preferred Cntrl Technlgy. Typically a decisin wuld be made early in the design prcess t pick a technlgy family t be used cnsistently thrughut a building. Analg cntrls are what mst peple knw as standard traditinal ccupancy sensrs and typically are the least expensive ptin but nt easily netwrked r scaled int a larger system. Analg cntrls require line vltage t be cnnected directly t the sensr r t a pwer pack. When using a pwer pack, there will be a lw vltage cnnectin frm the pwer pack t the sensr r ther device. Digital cntrls have been designed t be easier t install with plug and play cnnectivity. Typically there will be lw vltage digital circuits (i.e. CAT5 pre-terminated Penn Interir Lighting Cntrl P a g e 2 Last Updated: Guidelines & Instructins fr Use December 31 st, 2013
cables) that run between cntrl devices (i.e. ccupancy sensrs, daylight cntrls, switches/dimmers, etc.) in the mst lgical rder and ultimately cnnect t a rm cntrller. This system can typically be prgrammed and easily netwrked r scaled int a larger system. Wireless cntrls typically prvide sme cmmand cmmunicatin via a wireless prtcl. A typical wireless system wuld have battery r phtvltaic pwered cntrl device (i.e. ccupancy sensr, daylight cntrller) that culd cmmunicate t a pwer pack r switch/dimmer-based cntrller. These systems are very useful in areas where installatin f a wired cntrl slutin is difficult r cstly. The Best Fit ptin fr the Preferred Cntrl Technlgy field allws a designer t chse mix f multiple technlgies fr a single prject. In the case f these cntrl guidelines, the Best Fit ptin assumes use f wireless technlgies fr hard/pen ceilings and digital technlgy fr grid ceilings. The ratinale fr this strategy is mre suited fr renvatin prjects where it may be very expensive t run new wires in hard/pen ceilings. In new cnstructin the recmmendatin wuld be fr a designer t chse a single technlgy family fr the entire building(s). Upn defining the rm/space and user requirements via the spreadsheet filters, ne slutin characteristic t be defined is the Sensr Technlgy. There are three general types f sensr technlgy: Passive Infrared (PIR) This technlgy lks ut int an area and detects ccupancy when a heat surce (i.e. a persn) breaks a field f nrmal temperature as defined by the sensr. Ultrasnic (ULT) This technlgy sends ut ultrasnic sund waves and detects ccupancy when an bject disturbs r changes (i.e. mvement) thse sund waves frm a nrmal state. Micrphnics (MIC) This technlgy listens fr audible sunds in a rm and detects ccupancy by cmparing mvement related sunds t nrmal sunds assciated with an unccupied space. Dual Technlgy (DT) This sensr will cmbine PIR technlgy with either ULT r MIC technlgy. Typically these sensrs can be adjusted t define which technlgies can turn lights n and what technlgies maintain lights n. Almst all sensrs using the abve technlgies will allw fr a time delay t be set. A time delay is the amunt f time after the last ccupancy r mvement was sensed that a sensr will attempt t turn lights ff. Almst all sensrs als allw fr the sensitivity t be set. These guidelines d nt shw a lighting designer where t place a ceiling r crner munted ccupancy sensr. In general, crner sensrs shuld be placed n the entry dr wall but in the crner furthest frm the dr. This allws a crner sensr t lk dwn the dr wall picking up entrants when they enter and als use their 90-degree spread t see the rest f the rm. Ceiling sensrs shuld be placed in a lcatin where their cverage pattern will reach all areas f a rm. Care shuld be taken t avid having a ceiling sensr lking ut an entry dr t an adjacent space, pssibly causing the sensr t see mtin utside f the rm and Penn Interir Lighting Cntrl P a g e 3 Last Updated: Guidelines & Instructins fr Use December 31 st, 2013
keeping lights n needlessly. Daylight cntrllers are nt specifically identified in the cntrl slutins. Daylight cntrllers can be added t any f the ccupancy sensr slutins identified. Newer energy cdes may require daylight cntrl be used based n hw much ambient (windws r skylights) light is in a rm/space. A lighting designer can specify a daylight cntrl strategy that cmplements the ccupancy sensr slutins prvided by this Lighting Cntrl Design Guide. When cntrlling LED fixtures, the designer needs t verify cmpatibility between the cntrl device and the LED driver. This is especially imprtant when attempting t dim an LED fixture. Newer energy cdes may als require receptacle cntrl. If required by cde, a certain % f wall receptacles may have t be cntrlled such that they cannt prvide pwer when a rm/space is unccupied. The prvided manufacturer names are representative and nt meant t be exclusive specificatins. They are slely meant t pint a designer in the right directin Penn can use the identified preferred slutins as a basis fr strategic prcurement effrts Cnclusin This effrt was intended t create a fundatin fr lighting cntrl design guidelines and is expected t expand ver the cming years. These guidelines shuld be updated at a minimum every year if nt mre frequently. Please feel free t cntact Keystne Lighting Slutins with any questins. Penn Interir Lighting Cntrl P a g e 4 Last Updated: Guidelines & Instructins fr Use December 31 st, 2013
Appendix A: Summary Cmparisn f ASHRAE 90.1 2007 2010 (use f manufacturer literature des nt imply endrsement) Penn Interir Lighting Cntrl P a g e 5 Last Updated: Guidelines & Instructins fr Use December 31 st, 2013
SALES411 #SS-118 ASHRAE 90.1-2010 ASHRAE 90.1-2007 what s changed and hw t ensure cde cmpliance ASHRAE 90.1-2010 includes significantly mre lighting cntrl prvisins than earlier cde revisins. This Sales411 summarizes the majr cntrl prvisins f the 2010 revisin side by side with the 2007 revisin, s prfessinals can quickly see where changes have ccurred. As always, design prfessinals shuld review specific cde language t ensure prject cmpliance. 1. Threshld fr triggering cde cmpliance Any new cnstructin prjects and Retrfit prjects invlving alteratin f 10% f cnnected lighting lad (alteratins must cmply with LPD and autmatic shutff requirements nly) Any new cnstructin prjects and Retrfit prjects invlving alteratin f 50% f cnnected lighting lad The drastic reductin f the threshld fr triggering cde cmpliance n retrfit prjects means that even a relatively mdest lighting upgrade may trigger cde cmpliance requirements. 2. Autmatic Lighting Shutff Requirement Required in all spaces Required in buildings > 5,000 ft 2 All buildings, regardless f size, are required t cmply with the autmatic lighting shutff prvisins f the cde. There are several ways t meet this requirement including: Scheduled shutff (time-f-day) Occupancy sensr (time delay: 30 min max) Signal frm anther cntrl r alarm system (BAS) 3. Additinal Cntrl Requirement All spaces must have a cntrl device t cntrl the lighting in the space. These devices must be either: - Manual-n r - Aut-n t 50% r less Enclsed spaces (individual rms, areas enclsed by ceiling height partitins) must have a cntrl device t cntrl the general lighting in the space. This device can be either manual (e.g. switch) r autmatic. Lighting cntrls must be cnfigured t manual-n peratin r, if autmatic-n is desired, the rm must be wired and cntrlled such that n mre than 50% f the general lighting will turn n autmatically.
SALES411 #SS-118 4. Space Cntrls mre space types require autmatic-ff within 30 minutes The fllwing spaces require the installatin f an ccupancy sensr r a time switch that turns lighting ff within 30 minutes after the last ccupant leaves the space: Classrms Lecture halls Cnference and meeting rms Training rms Emplyee lunch & break rms All strage and supply rms between 50-1000 ft 2 Rms used fr dcument cpying and printing All ffices 250 ft 2 r less Restrms Dressing, lcker, and fitting rms The fllwing spaces require the installatin f an ccupancy sensr r a time switch that turns lighting ff within 30 minutes after the last ccupant leaves the space: Classrms Cnference and meeting rms Emplyee lunch and break rms Occupancy sensrs and time switches are the ONLY devices that cmply, and these must be cnfigured t either manual-n r aut-n t 50% r less t cmply with the Additinal Cntrl Requirements prvisin. 5. Light Level Reductin Enclsed spaces must have cntrls that reduce the pwer level by 30-70% f full cnnected lad in additin Nne t turning ff all lighting. The type f lighting cntrl that is installed and/r the way that the space is wired must allw fr a reductin f 30-70% f the cnnected lighting pwer in additin t turning ff lights. 6. Lighting in Daylit Znes Autmatic, multi-level daylighting cntrls must be installed in enclsed spaces with sidelit areas 250 sq Nne ft r mre and all tplit areas greater than 900 sq ft All daylighting cntrls must be autmatic meaning that the cntrl will autmatically adjust the light level in the space based n the daylight cntributin. These cntrls must be installed in spaces with windws r skylights that allw a certain amunt f daylight int the space. Visit ur website at: www.wattstpper.cm WattStpper 2800 De La Cruz Blvd., Santa Clara, CA 95050 Phne: 408.988.5331, Fax: 408.988.5373, Tech Supprt: 800.879.8585 Printed in the U.S.A. with recycled paper SS-118 rev 9/2012
SALES411 #SS-118 7. Parking Garage Lighting Cntrl Lighting in parking garages must be autmatically shut ff Reduce lighting autmatically by at least 30% f cnnected pwer when mtin is nt detected Nne within 30 minutes Autmatic daylighting cntrl requirement fr lighting clse t the perimeter ASHRAE 90.1 has taken sme f the prvisins fr interir lighting - autmatic shutff, light level reductin, and lighting in daylit zne - and incrprated them int new requirements fr parking garage lighting. 8. Exterir Lighting Lighting must be ff during the day (when daylight available) Lighting is regulated during the night s it is either ff r perating at a reduced level depending n the purpse f the lighting Lighting must be ff during the day (when daylight available) Lighting must be cntrlled by a phtsensr, time switch, r astrnmical time switch depending n the functin Exterir lighting has mre stringent new requirements t ensure that it is ff r perating at a reduced level at nighttime allwing fr increased energy savings. 9. Autmatic Receptacle Cntrl 50% f all receptacles in private ffices, pen ffices, and cmputer classrms must be autmatically shut Nne ff Plug lad cntrl must be incrprated int the design f certain spaces t ensure that plug lads can be turned ff when nt in use. 10. System Cmmissining All installed lighting cntrls must be tested and dcumentatin must be submitted certifying Nne cmpliance A third party nt invlved with the design r cnstructin f the prject must test and verify that the lighting cntrls are calibrated, adjusted, prgrammed and functining per the manufacturer s installatin instructins. The party respnsible fr this must submit dcumentatin certifying that the lighting cntrls meet r exceed the required perfrmance criteria. Visit ur website at: www.wattstpper.cm WattStpper 2800 De La Cruz Blvd., Santa Clara, CA 95050 Phne: 408.988.5331, Fax: 408.988.5373, Tech Supprt: 800.879.8585 Printed in the U.S.A. with recycled paper SS-118 rev 9/2012