Offshore Renewable Energy Conversion platforms Coordination Action Jochen Bard Head of Marine Energy Systems Fraunhofer Institute for Wind Energy and Energy System Technology, Germany. www.iwes.fraunhofer.de
ORECCA: shaping the future of offshore renewables a combined roadmap for offshore wind and ocean energy platforms Resource: magnitude, characteristics (depth ), constraints, Market development: historical and projected Platform technologies and economics Supply chain challenges: logistics, vessels, ports, offshore grid Synergies Not covered here: device technology, jobs created, emissions avoided
Ocean Renewable Energy Conversion Platform Coordination Action: Overview Definition of 3 target areas North Sea + Baltic Sea Atlantic Ocean Medit. & Black Sea Definition of 3 stake holder groups investors and technology providers research organization, technology developers (research) policy makers; the EC 204 person month 1.6 MEuro total EC funding 28 Partners USA (NREL), Canada European roadmap for OREC platform deployment Cross-sectoral approach www.orecca.eu
ORECCA work package structure WP1 - Project Management, (Fh IWES) WP2 Resource characterisation, environmental impact, financial and legislative framework for the target areas (leader HMRC- Ireland) WP3 Analysis and benchmark of current technology and industrial state of the art in the sectors of offshore wind, ocean energy and oil and gas (ECN) WP4 Identification of potential synergies, innovative designs and concepts for the combined use in multipurpose platforms (ERSE - Italy) WP5 Development of integrated road maps for the stakeholder groups (UEDIN -UK) WP6 Knowledge management and dissemination (FondPoly di Milano - Italy)
28 Partners from 10 European countries + NREL (US) and Waterloo Univ. (Canada)
European EEZs and bathymetry map Source: L. Serri,, RSE
EWEA: Oceans of opportunities (offshore wind report 2009) Offshore wind in 2020 40.000 MW installed 6900 MW/a deployment 148 TWh/a production around 4% of EU electricity around 9 bn /a investment
European offshore wind market development: EWEA scenario and project pipeline total number of wind turbines 17,000 16,000 15,000 14,000 13,000 12,000 11,000 10,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 number of wind turbines EWEA data capacity announced capacity 85,000 80,000 75,000 70,000 65,000 60,000 55,000 50,000 45,000 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 total electrical capacity [MW] 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Source: DENA, EWEA, 4C Offshore year
Development of the offshore wind market in terms of water depth (m) and distance to shore (km) up to 2025 140 average distance to shore [km] 120 100 80 60 40 20 2 nd market phase German EEZ UK round3 1991-2007 2008-2014 2015-2026 (GER) 2015-2026 (UK) 2015-2026 (others) announced floating projects 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 1 st market phase average depth [m]
Market share of installed offshore wind foundations number of turbines 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 unknown unknown floating 3 point spar tension leg bucket tripile tripod jacket gravity base monopile 100 0 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-75 deapth [m]
Fixed foundations for offshore wind turbines: Improvements, cost reduction ongoing R&D Criteria for benchmarking: Power converter size Water depth Soil condition Materials & Surface protection Design requirements & Certification Construction Production Transport/Logistics Assembly/Erection Maintenance & Repair Gravity Foundation Wavetreader by Green Ocean Energy Monopile Jacket Tripod OE: TRLs 5-15 m < 25 m 20-50 m 20-40 m
Platform technologies change with water depth platform cost monopile gravity, suction tripod, tripile jacket, truss semisub, spar, tension leg shallow water technologies transitional technologies floating technologies 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 m
EUOEA: European Roadmap Ocean energy in 2020 3600 MW installed 40000 jobs around 1% of EU electricity around 9 bn uro/a investment Ocean energy in 2050 188000 MW installed 470000 jobs around 15% of EU electricity around 450 bn uro/a investment
Ocean Energy: Size of Project Pipeline for Leading Technology Promoters Source: Industry Navigates Ocean Energy s Potential IHS Emerging Energy Research, October 2010
Ocean Energy Projects in the pipeline capacity [MW] 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 unknown conversion principle unknown tidal energy conversion venturi effect oscillating hydrofoil vertical axis turbine horizontal axis turbine unknown wave energy conversion submerged pressure differential overtopping oscillating wave column oscillating wave surge point absorber attenuator 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 year Pentland Firth, CE Round 1
Installation: vessels & barges synergies vs specialisation Herbosch-Kiere heavy lift crane vessel Rambiz self propelled twin hulled, 3000 t crane capacity Fugro Seacore jackup barge Deep Diver 100 t crane capacity, drilling equipment, monopiles up to 3 m 8 new offshore wind vessels contracted (EWEA)
Ports: capacity building, local supply chain clusters Source: Uk Offshore port study, DECC 2009
European Offshore Grid
Challenges and lessons learned from selected offshore wind farms Alpha Ventus: 1st German offshore wind park (12 5 MW, R&D focus) Initial cost estimate of 189 M increased to 250 M (steel price, installation) Summer/Atumn 2008: delays due to bad weather (cable, turbine installation) Difficulties with installation vessels in 2008 delay to 2009 Better integration of the installation steps required December 2009: 11 technicians stuck on wind farm for two days June 2010: gearbox problems discovered in 2 Multibrid wind turbines (slide bearings) BARD Offshore 1: 1st commercial offshore wind farm in Germany Delays in commissioning installation vessel Wind Lift 1 90 m tube section of foundation dropped on vessel (several weeks of repair) Installation delayed, Cmpeltion expected for 2012 Other wind farms: Nysted: major transformer defect in 2007 (after 4 years) Hornsrev: repairs of all 80 turbines never heard of in the ocean energy sector!
DENA report recommendations Gain public acceptance: Crucial, PR strategy as part of planning phase, website, centre Ensure sufficient management skills for large projects Reduce Work at Offshore Location: cost double from factory to harbour and from harbour to site Risk management Engineering, Procurement, Commissioning Contract (EPCC), where contractor covers t all risks Multi contract: higher risk & complexity, lower cost Extensive testing before series production Good Accessibility of Logistic Centre and Sufficient Space (1000m²/WT) Maritime Spatial Planning as streamlining tool Appointment of one single leading authority ( one stop shop ) Full 160 page report available at: www.offshore-power.net never heard of in the ocean energy sector!
Wind turbine manufacturing capacity and demand in Europe EU steal market peak production for offshore renewables in 2020: 3 Mill t/a MW
Offshore supply chain: a bottleneck for the deployment? Turbine installation vessels: at least 5 more needed with higher lifting capacity and faster installation procedure (from 2 down to 1.5 @180 d/a) Similar bottleneck for foundation installation (take foundation on barge?) Cable and substation installation capacity Cable supply: few suppliers with long lead times (high prices) Trained divers and diving equipment Ports: storage capacity, quay strength, water depth, access, tidal restrictions Competition with offshore oil and gas industry (high prices)
Roadmap content (draft) Intro (Finance) Resource Information Infrastructure Technology Regulation Legislation Environment key actions and recommendations targeted to the audience : 3 stake holder groups timelines (wind and OE) long and short term: when and where synergies addressing the 3 target areas where appropriate includes existing actions WWW.ORECCA.EU