Smart Cities Solutions for Disaster Management Based on Satellites and Wireless Sensor Networks Presented by Dr. Krishna Dev Kumar Professor of Aerospace Engineering Director, Artificial Intelligence and Predictive Analytics for Aerospace Systems (AI-PAAS) Laboratory Founder and President, isac Systems Inc. Department of Aerospace Engineering Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada @All rights reserved. It is forbidden to use, reproduce, reference or distribute the information contained in this document without the permission of Ryesron University & isac Systems.
Presentation Overview Introduction: Smart City and Natural Disasters Disaster Management Satellites and Wireless Sensor Networks Case Study isac Systems Products
Introduction: Smart City A Smart City is a city that incorporates Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Internet of Things (IoT) technology to manage its assets. By Frost & Sullivan 2014.. Eight key aspects that define a Smart City: a) smart governance, b) smart energy, c) smart building, d) smart mobility, e) smart infrastructure, f) smart technology, g) smart healthcare and h) smart citizen."
Natural Disasters Natural disasters (typhoons, hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, fires and earthquakes) are becoming more frequent (fourfold increase from 1970 to 2013). Year 2013: 22 million people were affected by disasters (by Norwegian Refugee Council`s Internal Displace Monitoring Centre). Year 2013: In Asia, typhoon Haiyan displaced 19 million people; In United States, 218,500 people were affected by tornadoes in the state of Oklahoma.
Urbanisation and Smart City Goal On other hand, urbanisation has been increasing world-wide (more than 3.5 billion (about half of the world s population) now lives in town and cities; this number will increase to about 5 billion by 2030 (report from the United Nations Population Fund)). In recent years, there have been proposals for creation of smart cities world-wide and in particular, developing countries such as India. Immune to disasters represents one of the most pressing needs for the development of smart cities.
Disaster Management The Red Cross and Red Crescent societies define disaster management: the organisation and management of resources and responsibilities for dealing with all humanitarian aspects of emergencies, in particular a) preparedness, b) response and c) recovery in order to lessen the impact of disasters Satellites and/or Wireless Sensor Networks represents a viable and efficient solution for Disaster Management.
Satellites and Wireless Sensor Networks based Disaster Management Support Architecture
Satellites and Wireless Sensor Networks based Disaster Management Support Architecture
Satellites Meteorological Satellites (also called Weather Satellites): cyclone track, intensity & landfall predictions and forecasting of extreme weather events. Currently Operational: 14 Geostationary satellites (36,000 km) and a variety of Low Earth orbiting satellites (less than 2000 Km)
Satellites Next Generation Meteorological Geostationary Satellites (8) to be launched from 2014 2019: Source: World Metrological Organization, 2017
Satellites Earth Observation Satellites: monitoring disaster events and assessing the damages. Communication satellites: emergency communication in remote and inaccessible areas. Navigation satellites: location based services.
Satellites At present, India has the following satellites in operation for Disaster Management (Press Information Bureau, Government of India, Department of Space, 05-April-2017) Earth Observation Satellites: 13 Meteorological Satellites: 3 Communication Satellites: 13 Navigational satellites: 7 Response Time: Within 12 hrs (satellite data received) plus 3 hrs data processing
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) WSN is a network of sensors arranged in a star-mesh topology to create a sensor region that can monitor desired parameters of the system.
Disaster Management Support System Data Fusion: Data from Meteorological and Earth Observation Satellites + Data from ground based information (including Wireless Sensor Networks) + Services derived from Communication & Navigation Satellites
Case Study Flood and Landslides in Kedarnath (June 20, 2013) Data taken from Indian Remote Sensing Satellites: Cartosat-2 (1-m resolution) on June 20, 2013 Resourcesat 2 (LISS-IV, 5.8-m resolution) on June 21, 2013
Satellite image of Kedarnath Village (PRE and POST after floods in June 2013) PRE POST
Satellite image of Kedarnath Village (PRE and POST after floods in June 2013) PRE POST
isac Systems Products Monitoring Systems (Hardware Units) & Data Analytics (Software packages)
Monitoring Systems: Features Real-Time Monitoring and Control Wireless Monitoring/Wireless Sensor Networks via Radio, Ethernet, Wi-fi, Bluetooth, Cellular, and Satellites High Speed Monitoring Low Power Consumption including Energy Harvesting Miniaturized Electronic Hardware
Data Analytics: Features Real-Time & Off-Line Data Management Real -Time & Off-Line Event Detection, Prediction and Diagnosis including Fault Events (Using ISAC s Proprietary Algorithms) Data Generation for Unknown Events for which Data is Not Available (Using ISAC s Proprietary Algorithms)
Products Benefits Early detection of dangerous operating conditions Instant notifications via emails and mobile phones Product apps on mobile phones Condition-based maintenance Overall improvement of efficiency Overall reduction of maintenance cost
Miniature Satellites 100 gram Femto-Satellite (80 mm x 80 mm x 1.5 mm) Designed for Earth Imaging and Other Applications Femto-Satellite Attached to 3U-Satellite Designed for Environmental Monitoring Patented Attitude Control: Fluid Rings Patented Satellite Design (Requiring No Fuel for Control)
Aerospace Sector: Monitoring System for Aircraft Landing Gear Base Station Order Delivered (2014-2015) isac Systems Miniature Wireless Monitoring System isac Systems Monitoring System- Wireless Sensor Node Number of input channels: 31 Operational Life: at least 1800 hours Dimensions: 150 mm X 175 mm X 53 mm Sampling Rates: 128 Hz 2 KHz Memory & Battery: Removable Real Time Clock: System
Features and Benefits Remote maintenance analysis or service alerts to ensure 24/7 operation; Where, When and Why failure is likely to occur; Detect electrical and mechanical failures; Replace parts when needed instead of predetermined hours of operation; Replacement parts available at the airport for minimum downtime; An integrated system of Supply Chain, CRM and logistics; Aeroplanes more available, more reliable.
Aerospace Sector: Wireless Sensor Networks for Real-Time Monitoring of Aircraft Wing Assembly Order Delivered (2014-2017) DAQ400S (Designed and Under-testing)
Transportation Sector: Wireless Bogie Monitoring System Installed on the Train
Transportation Sector: Wireless Bogie Monitoring System isac-bm Transmitter on the Bogie isac-bm Transmitter Receiver inside the Train Compartment Measurement & Forecast Specifications Number of input channels: 8 Weight: 250 gm Dimensions: 150 mm X 175 mm X 53 mm Sampling Rates: 100 Hz 2 khz Analog Digital Conversion: System Signal Excitation & Conditioning: System Memory & Battery: Removable Real Time Clock: System
Waste Management Sector: Wireless Process Monitoring System for Recycle-of-Organic Waste to Fertilizer Order Delivered (2013-2017) DAQ300 (Designed and Delivered in January 2013) Website: http://sensor.isacsystems.com/demo emo DAQ300
Graphical User Interface (GUI) on Tablet
Environmental Monitoring: Wireless Temperature Sensors Readings from Three Wireless Temperature Sensors on Web: Temperature, Battery Voltage and Signal Strength Readings from Three Wireless Temperature Sensors on Web: Sending Message through Emails Website: http://sensor.isacsystems.com/demo
Environmental/Greenhouse Emission Monitoring: Odor control solutions for solid waste, wastewater, industrial and commercial facilities Order Delivered (2014-2016)
Base Station Wireless Monitoring System: Overview Wireless Sensor Nodes
List of Gases for Environmental Monitoring Hydrogen Sulfide (H 2 S) Ammonia (NH 4 ) Methane (CH 4 ) Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2 ) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2 ) Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) Carbon Mono-Oxide (CO) Other Gases
Graphical User Information (GUI) from Wireless Monitoring System on Web (real time) http://sensor.isacsystems.com/vineland/login.php
Tank Level Monitoring : Wireless Tank Level Sensor Networks Order Delivered (2015-2016)
Retail Sector: Food Monitoring Graphical User Interface (GUI) on Web-Wireless Temperature Sensor Networks Order Delivered (2015-2016)
Retail Sector: Food Monitoring Graphical User Interface (GUI) on Web - Wireless Temperature Sensor Networks
Oil and Gas Sector: Wireless Monitoring: In-Site Sensor System Upload to Base Station Flow Sensor Nodes Gateway Node Wireless Communication Pressure/Temp Sensor Nodes Valve Position Indicator Nodes
Mining Sector: Wireless Monitoring: In-Site Sensor System RFID Antenna & UWB Receiver Node Upload to Base Station Camera Nodes Gateway Node Wireless Communication Pressure/Temp Sensor Nodes, Air Quality Sensor & Alarm Nodes
Aerospace Sector: Fault Prediction for Aircraft Engine (Data Analytics) Goal: Development of an intelligent on-line health management system for aircraft engines to reduce maintenance costs and improve reliability. Order (in Progress) (2016-2017) Sensors Data Fault Diagnosis and Prognosis Required Information Number of data points Types of faults Healthy mode operation data Faulty Components data
Front End Fault Diagnosis and Prognosis of Aircraft Engine ABC1000 Data Data Analysis Fault Alerts Read Plot
Clients Canadian Space Agency Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) Canada Aerospace Inc. SpaceQuest Inc. Messier-Buggatti-Dowty Inc. (earlier Messier- Dowty Inc.) Bombardier Transportation Inc.
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