ECE 74 Digitl Logic ECE 74 - Digitl Logic (Ls) Instructor: Romn Lysecky, rlysecky@ece.rizon.edu Office Hours: MW :-: PM, ECE Lecture: MW :-: PM, ILC 4 Course Wesite: http://www.ece.rizon.edu/~ece74/ TAs: L Sections: Hiyong Zhng, hzhng@emil.rizon.edu Julin Sos, jsosmol@emil.rizon.edu Annpoorn Krishnswmy, nnkris@emil.rizon.edu Section : M :PM-4:PM, ECE, TA: Annpoorn Krishnswmy Section : T :AM-:AM, ECE, TA: Julin Sos Section : T :PM-4:PM, ECE, TA: Julin Sos Section 4: W :PM-4:PM, ECE, TA: Annpoorn Krishnswmy Section : T :AM-:PM, ECE, TA: Hiyong Zhng Section : R :AM-:PM, ECE, TA: Hiyong Zhng Section 7: R :PM-4:PM, ECE, TA: Julin Sos Section : :PM-4:PM, ECE, TA: Annpoorn Krishnswmy ECE 74 - Digitl Logic (Textook) ECE 74 - Digitl Logic (Optionl Textook) undmentls of Digitl Logic with Verilog Design Authors: Stephen Brown nd Zvonko Vrnesic ISBN: 777 Wesite: http://highered.mcgrw-hill.com/sites/7/ Author: rnk Vhid ISBN: 474747 Wesite: http://www.cs.ucr.edu/~vhid/dd/ Highly Recommended 4 ECE 74 - Digitl Logic (Syllus) Course Brekdown: inl % Midterms 4% Quizzes % Homework % L Assignments % ECE 74 - Digitl Logic (Grding) Grding: 9 % A 9% B 7 % C 7% D Below % All grdes re ssigned on n individul sis.
ECE 74 - Digitl Logic (Course Policies) Punctulity: Don t e lte! Cell Phones: Plese turn your cell phone off efore coming to clss! Acdemic Dishonesty: Any cdemic dishonesty will no e tolerted, plese consult the UA Code of Acdemic Integrity. All course work should e completed entirely on your own You re llowed to discuss generl concepts nd ides But you should not discuss homework or l ssignments ECE 74 - Digitl Logic (Course Policies) ing: Be prepred, red over mteril BEORE clss. Regrdes: All requests for regrdes must e sumitted in writing within one week of the distriution of grded mteril. 7 Silicon Wfer Pentium Processor (Die Photo) Individul IC (die) 9 ield-progrmmle Gte Arry (Sprtn Die Photo) Moore s Lw Gordon Moore: co-founder of Intel. Predicted tht numer of trnsistors per chip would grow exponentilly (doule every months). Exponentil improvement in technology is nturl trend: stem engines, dynmos, utomoiles.
Moore s Lw Moore s Lw Wht of the following is the lrgest (in terms of numer of trnsistors)? A) Pentium 4 Extreme Edition B) Xilinx PGA C) Geforce Ultr Answer: Courtesy of Intel A) Pentium 4 Extreme Edition (7 million) B) Xilinx PGA ( illion) C) Geforce Ultr ( million) 4 Anlog & Digitl Signls wire microphone Volts nlog-todigitl converter smples nlog signl on wire time digitized signl red from tpe, CD, etc. digitl-to nlog signl nlog reproduced from Stellites DVD Video digitized signl Musicl converter Portle wire plyers recorders instruments music plyers Cell phones Cmers TVs??? time 99speker997 999 7 Volts Anlog vs. Digitl Anlog Continuous E.g., Rdio Antenn on Cell Phone Digitl Discrete E.g., Pentium Processor More nd more nlog products re ecoming digitl. Anlog to Digitl Anlog & Digitl Signls (Typicl System) nlog phenomen Anlog Rdio dt must Trnslted into Digitl formt for the processor to compute the dt trnsmissions Digitl Anlog Converts electricl signl into inry encoding Converts electricl signl into physicl phenomenon s nd other inputs electric digitl signl dt AD digitl dt Digitl System digitl dt DA electric signl digitl dt ctutors nd other outputs Mesures nlog physicl phenomen Converts its ck into electricl signl 7
Anlog & Digitl Signls (converting nlog to digitl) Encodings wire microphone wire speker Volts nlog-todigitl converter Volts smples nlog signl on wire time digitized signl red from tpe, CD, etc. digitl-to nlog converter nlog signl reproduced from digitized signl time or this Keypd: Inputs? User presses one utton Outputs? Encoding for tht utton Outputs 9 Encodings Encodings red lue green lck Symol R S Encoding Symol r s Encoding T L t l red lue green lck N E n e red lue green lck O. <t> 9! <spce> Smple ASCII encodings Bse (deciml) Numer System 4 Bse (deciml) Arithmetic Uses the ten numers from to 9 Ech column represents power of Thousnds ( ) column Hundreds ( ) column Tens ( ) column Ones ( ) column 999 = x + 9x + 9x + 9x 4
Counting correctly in se Bse (inry) Arithmetic to 9 to 99 to 9 nd up As usul: zero, one, two, etc.,,,... 9: one ten, one ten one, one ten two,... one ten nine,,,..., 9: two ten, two ten one, two ten two,... two ten nine, 4,... 9: three ten, four ten,... nine ten As usul: one hundred, two hundred,... nine hundred. Even etter would e to replce the word hundred y ten to the power of. As usul Uses the two numers from to Every column represents power of Eights ( ) column ours ( ) column Twos ( ) column Ones ( ) column = x + x + x + x Bse (inry) Numer System Bse (inry) Numer System 4 4 7 Positionl Numer Systems Convert the following vlue from inry (zero s nd one s) to deciml vlue Positionl Numer Systems Wht is the highest vlue you cn count to using your -fingers? -fingers? =? in Deciml Choose your nswer: A), B) C) 9
: System Conversion Converting the deciml numer to inry using the divide-y- method. Deciml Binry. Divide deciml numer y Add reminder to inry numer (current vlue: ) Continue since quotient () is greter thn. Divide quotient y Add reminder to inry numer (current vlue: ) Continue since quotient () is greter thn. Divide quotient y Add reminder to inry numer 4 (current vlue: 4) Continue since quotient () is greter thn 4. Divide quotient y 4 Add reminder to inry numer Quotient is, done (current vlue: ) NOTE: : System Conversion Convert the following deciml vlue to inry (zero s nd one s) vlue 4 =? in Binry Choose your nswer: A) B) C) Generlly, numer cn e converted from one se to nother y ) converting the numer to se, then ) converting the se ten numer to the desired se using the divide-y-n method. My not lwys e the esiest wy Bse (hexdeciml) Numer System Hexdeciml Numers Ech position cn represent vlues Why Mentioned: Used hevily in dt-sheet descriptions of circuits After digits, we move to lph chrcters: A- NOTE: # of Chrcters(-9) = +# of Chrcters (A-) = vlues Binry Deciml 4 7 9 4 7 Hex-Deciml 4 7 9 A B C D E?? 4 : System Conversion System Implementtion Options (Motion in Drk Detector System) Convert the following hexdeciml vlue to inry (zero s nd one s) vlue CAB =? in Binry Motion Light Detector Digitl System? Lmp Detector I P I Detector Choose your nswer: A) B) C) () () (c) System Block Digrm Custom Digitl Implementtion
: The Digitl Workhorse : Softwre Implementtion () I P I P I P I P I4 P4 I P I P I7 P7 () Description: using microprocessor Inputs: s (one light, one motion) Outputs: signl to lmp unctionl Description: Lmp illuminted when it is drk nd motion is detected. void min() { while() { P = I &&!I; } } motion light microprocessor f lmp 7 : Timing Digrms (Motion in Drk Detector System) : Motion Detector: Softwre Implementtion motion light microprocessor f lmp P = I &&!I; : 7: 7: 9: 9: time Description: using microprocessor Inputs: motion s Outputs: signl to uzzer unctionl Description: System ctivtes uzzer when ny of the three motion s is ctivted. void min() { while() { P = I I I; I P I P I P I P I4 P4 I P I P I7 P7 motion uzzer } } 9 4 s: Vriety of Processors s: Troule in Prdise PIC ($-) ($-) With microprocessors so redily ville, why would nyone ever need to design new digitl circuits? Pentium (>$) When nlyzing needs for prticulr system: Softwre my e too slow My e too much circuitry thn needed Cn e costly for simple circuits Power hungry Solution? 4 4
Process Anlysis: vs. Digitl Smple digitl cmer tsk execution times (in seconds) on microprocessor versus digitl circuit. Digitl Cmer Tsk Custom digitl circuit.. Digitl : Motion Detector Implementtion Description: using microprocessor Inputs: s (one light, one motion) Outputs: signl to lmp unctionl Description: Lmp illuminted when it is drk nd motion is detected. = &&!; Store. When nlyzing needs for prticulr system: Custom circuit my e too costly A processor might e just s fst, nd cheper 4 44 Prtitioning: Possile Digitl Cmer Implementtions Design Prtitioning Deciding which tsks to implement on the microprocessor nd which to implement s custom digitl circuit Digitl cmer implemented with: () microprocessor, () custom circuits, nd (c) comintion of custom circuits nd microprocessor. Prtitioning: Possile Digitl Cmer Implementtions Digitl cmer implemented with: () microprocessor, () custom circuits, nd (c) comintion of custom circuits nd microprocessor. () () (,, nd Store) Store (c) 4 (Store) 4 Prtitioning: Possile Digitl Cmer Implementtions Where do we go from here? Digitl Cmer Tsk Store Totl μp 4 Custom digitl circuit....4 Hyrid: μp + Custom Digitl... () () (c) (,, nd Store) Store ECE 74 Course Gols: Comintionl Logic Design Sequentil Logic Design Design of Common Components Register-Trnsfer Level (RTL) Design Modern pproch to Optimiztion of Digitl s using HDL (Verilog) (Store) 47 4
(Humor) There re types of people in the world: Those who get inry nd those who don t. 49