Innovation of Automated Driving for Universal Services (SIP-adus) Humans and Automated Driving Systems November 18, 2014 Kiyozumi Unoura Chief Engineer Honda R&D Co., Ltd. Automobile R&D Center Workshop on Connected and Automated Driving System 2014
Contents 1. Overview Goal of SIP activity and framework 2. Challenges and approaches Systems & Humans Systems & Other Traffic Participants Systems & Society 3. Systems & Humans Environment / Situation settings System modeling, Scenario analysis 4. Summary 1
1. Overview Goal of SIP activity Contribution to establish standardization and harmonization Nourish social acceptance for the realization and promotion Framework standardization & harmonization social acceptance Design of sharing roles between driver and vehicle system System definition Scenario definition Human Factor HMI evaluation Analysis of traffic accidents Design of demonstrative experiments & simulation Safety assessment Estimation of accident reduction Evaluation of driver acceptance Evaluation of social acceptance 2
Humans & Systems Approach in 3 phases Authority and responsibility for safety Human-in-the-loop / Human-out-of-the-loop Thought experiments Trading of control between driver and automation Human-machine interface and interaction Negative effects of automation, such as Demonstrative experiments Vigilance decrement Complacency (Over trust) Overreliance Loss of system awareness or situation awareness Mode error / confusion Automation surprises Misuse / Disuse / Abuse Skill degradation Result evaluation 3
Humans & Systems Human Centered Automaton Eye Angle [deg] Human Machine Interaction System (HMIS) Warning Driver (Human) Conventional HiDS Operation No assist cycle Cancel Monitoring / Decision Assist cycle Continued 15 10 5 Conventional HiDS Assist System (Machine) Starting point 0 Human Centered System in Honda Intelligent Driver Support System (HiDS), Society of Automotive Engineering Japan, March, 2003 Human Centered Automation can Reduced both physical and mental workload Keep a driver stays in-the-loop of the system 4
Humans & Systems Beyond the ADAS Transition of role and authority NHTSA Level 3 Conditional Automation Human-out-of-the-loop / -in-the-loop Use case Transition event NHTSA Level 2 Partial Automation Human-in-the-loop Sudden cut-in Relaxed Concentrated Resume driving task Scenario and Interaction Traffic jam at exit Role Authority Function Condition! acquisition Cognition Judgment Control t Task Status Transition event 5
Systems & Other Traffic Participants Human Friendly Interfaces in the mixed traffic SIP - adus Mobility Bringing Everyone a Smile You first! Thank you! 6
Systems & Society Social acceptance Legal issues, Nourishment of social acceptance OEM / Supplier Functions, Benefit Definition of the roll of a driver Minimization new risks due to automation Customer = Expectations Understanding of the role of a driver Source: BASt study about the legal consequences of automation (Legal consequences of an increase in vehicle automation) http://bast.opus.hbznrw.de/volltexte/2013/723/pdf/legal_consequences_of_a n_increase_in_vehicle_automation.pdf 7
Systems & Humans 1 st : Scenario Automated driving in a compact city Auto parking in closed area Automated driving in SA/PA Automated driving with mixed traffic participants Automated driving on a highway Source: MLIT Autopilot Research Council 6 th Report in 28 Oct 2013 http://www.mlit.go.jp/road/ir/ir-council/autopilot/pdf/06/5.pdf 8
Systems & Humans 2 nd : Situation Overtaking Splitting part Merging part Source: MLIT Autopilot Research Council 6 th Report in 28 Oct 2013 http://www.mlit.go.jp/road/ir/ir-council/autopilot/pdf/06/5.pdf 9
3 rd : Modeling - Driver - System Interaction Driver Information acquisition Information analysis Action selection Action implementation HMI Visual Audio Haptic Actuator A.D.S. Information acquisition Information analysis Action selection Action implementation 10
4 th : Analysis - Example: Automated Lane Change Information acquisition Information analysis Action selection Action implementation Visual HMI Driver Audio Haptic Actuator Information analysis Action selection Action implementation Information acquisition A.D.S. Timeline of Human Machine Interaction 1. Activate the system 2. Acquire the requirement 4. Inform mode transition 3. Acquire the conditions 5. Perceived mode transition 6. Start to change lane 7. Require to resume Red line shows Authority is shared 8. Perceived the requirement 9. Accept the requirement 10. Acquire the Acceptance Research Questions: Should the driver respond acknowledgement to the system? t 11
4 th : Analysis - Example: Automated Lane Change Definition of role and authority Descriptions about policy of transition A complete view of the chart Descriptions of scenario and event Check list based on Human Factors Research Questions toward next step 12
Collaboration with other themes Promoting Committee for SIP Automated Driving System Research Project International cooperation WG Next Generation Urban Transportation WG System Implementation WG Dynamic map Data analysis and simulation technology Prediction based on information from ITS Sensing capability enhancement System security Human Factors Framework standardization & harmonization System definition Collaborate with Design of sharing roles between driver and vehicle system Scenario definition Human Factor HMI evaluation Analysis of traffic accidents Design of demonstrative experiments & simulation Environment and Situation Scenario / Use Case System capability social acceptance Safety assessment Evaluation of driver acceptance Estimation of accident reduction Evaluation of social acceptance 13
4. Summary Activities and Framework Starting point standardization & harmonization Design of sharing roles between driver and vehicle system Human Factor System definition HMI evaluation Scenario definition Analysis of traffic accidents Warning No assist cycle Driver (Human) Operation Monitoring / Decision Assist cycle Design of demonstrative experiments & simulation Cancel Continued social acceptance Safety assessment Evaluation of driver acceptance Systems and Humans Human-out-of-the-loop / -in-the-loop Estimation of accident reduction Evaluation of social acceptance Human-in-the-loop Assist System (Machine) Human Centered Automation NHTSA Level 3 Conditional Automation Transition event NHTSA Level 2 Partial Automation Scenario / Situation / Use case Modeling and Analysis Timeline of Human Machine Interaction Research Questions 14
Now we have opened our door! Thank you for your attention. 15
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