Guidelines for achieving best-inclass Diversity Performance in your Smartphone Applications Houssem Chouik, Product Marketing
Agenda Challenges for diversity design in smartphones How to improve smartphone data rates by up to 96% Infineon's product portfolio addressing diversity front-ends Page 2
Mobile Phone RF Front-End System Overview LOW NOISE Amplifier RF Switches AUDIO FM Radio TX Line Out Keyboard Ctrl HDMI WiFi Bluetooth GNSS TX TX 5 GHz 2. 4 GHz 802.11 a,b,g,n,ac GPS Glonass Compass SIM card Diversity Diversity Antenna SD card USB 3. 0 Main TX Antenna Tuning Main Antenna GSM 3G LTE Cellular Multimode Baseband Cellular Multimode Transceiver TX TX TX Page 3
Diversity systems: from user experience to system architecture User Experience High data rate Average Monthly Data Usage in GB System Parameter Sensitivity Bandwidth 3,5 3 Goal/ Measure Increase System gain Compensate losses Carrier aggregation 2,5 System Architecture Diversity antenna LTE LNAs Concurrent /TX paths 2 1,5 1 0,5 Sensitivity is KING 0 2012 2018 Page 4
Noise figure (= data rate) and gain improvements when using LNAs Line-up with LNA Line-up without LNA Page 5
Agenda Challenges for diversity design in smartphones How LNAs improve smartphone data rates by up to 96% Infineon's product portfolio addressing diversity front-ends Page 6
Noise Figure Calculation Case 1: No LNA, low sensitivity Ant. IL IL 0.6 db IL 0.8 db 2.2 db 2.5 db System NF: 6.1 db NF T IC System input Case 2: Optimized Rx sensitivity System output Ant. IL 0.6 db IL 1.5 db NF 0.6 db System NF: 2.7 db T IC NF = 10 log (F) = 10 (SNR input - SNR output ) Page 7
But what about the data rate? Shannon Theorem: C = BW log 2 (1+SNR output ) SNR output : improved by LTE LNAs Bandwidth of the channel, cannot be influenced by our products Channel Capacity, i.e. highest data rate that can be reliably transmitted over a communication channel NF = 10 log (F) = SNR input,db SNR output,db F = SNR input / SNR output C = BW log 2 (1+SNR output ) = BW log 2 (1+SNR input /F) C/BW = log 2 (1+SNR input /F) Channel capacity density or highest data rate per MHz of bandwidth that can be reliably transmitted over a communication channel Page 8
Mbps/MHz Improvements with LNAs NF = 6,1 db F = 4,07 C/BW = log 2 (1+SNR input /F) NF = 2,7 db F = 1,86 Highest Data Rate per MHz Channel capacity increase w/ LNA 10 8 With LNAs Without LNAs 120% 100% Channel capacity density increase with LNA 6 80% 4 2 0 SNR input [db] 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 With LNAs 0,6 1,4 2,7 4,2 5,8 7,4 9,1 Without LNAs 0,3 0,8 1,8 3,1 4,7 6,3 7,9 60% 40% 20% 0% Channel capacity density increase with LNA SNR input [db] 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 96% 73% 49% 33% 23% 18% 14% Page 9
Agenda Challenges for diversity design in smartphones How to improve smartphone data rates by up to 96% Infineon's product portfolio addressing diversity front-ends Page 10
Infineon Products for Mobile Phone RF Front-Ends RF Switches Excellent RF Performance at lower cost High volume bulk 130nm CMOS Technology High performance RF characteristics Established Rich product portfolio Features Main Antenna & Rx Diversity Switches Antenna Switch Modules Available as packaged devices and Flip Chip Low Noise Amplifiers Market leader in Low Noise Amplifers Best-in-class Noise Figure (NF) Lowest current consumption Broad product portfolio Features GPS, Glonass, Compass, Beidou LNAs MMICs and integrated modules 3G/4G LNA: Single to multiband LNAs Page 11
LTE LNA Portfolio Overview Single band Dual band BGA711N7 (2.0 x 1.3 mm²) BGA713N7 (2.0 x 1.3 mm²) BGA728L7 (2.0 x 1.3 mm²) BGA751N7 (2.0 x 1.3 mm²) BGA777N7 (2.0 x 1.3 mm²) BGA7x1N6 (1.1 x 0.7 mm²) BGA771L16 (2.3 x 2.3 mm²) BGA7xx2N9 (1.1 x 1.1 mm²) BGA734L16 (2.3 x 2.3 mm²) BGA735N16 (2.3 x 2.3 mm²) BGA736L16 (2.3 x 2.3 mm²) Triple band BGA748L16 (2.3 x 2.3 mm²) BGA749N16 (2.3 x 2.3 mm²) BGM7xxxx4L12 (1.9 x 1.1 mm²) Quad band Page 12
Next-Generation 3G/4G LNAs BGA7L1N6 / BGA7M1N6 / BGA7H1N6 Applications / Features Diversity or main antenna paths LTE, 3G or CDMA systems Compensate losses of co-axial cables Self shielding included World's smallest LTE LNA: 0.77 mm² Gain: 13 db, NF: 0.6 db at Icc: 5 ma IP1dB: 3 dbm, IIP3oob: 5 dbm BGA7L1N6 (mass production) Low band LNA Freq. range: 0.7 1.0 GHz Bands: 5, 8, 12, 13, 17, 20 BGA7M1N6 (mass production) Mid band LNA Freq. range: 1.7 2.2 GHz Bands: 1, 2, 3, 4 BGA7H1N6 (mass production) High band LNA Freq. range: 2.3 2.7 GHz Bands: 7, 38, 40, 41 Package: 1.1x0.7mm² (TSNP-6-2) Pin Assignment 1 GND 2 Vcc 3 AO 4 GNDRF 5 AI 6 PON BGA7x1N6 LNAs increase data rate and customer satisfaction 1 2 6 3 5 4 Page 13
1,9 mm BGM7xxxx4L12 family Best-in-class Quad LTE LNA banks Application and features Package and pinning Diversity or main antenna paths LTE, 3G or CDMA systems Self shielding included World's smallest LTE LNA: 1.9 x 1.1 mm² Available in seven configurations: BGM7LLHM4L12 BGM7LLMM4L12 BGM7MLLH4L12 BGM7MLLM4L12 BGM7MHLL4L12 BGM7LMHM4L12 BGM7HHMH4L12 Pin assignment 1 RF in LNA3 2 RF in LNA4 3 RF out LNA4 4 RF out LNA3 5 Vcc 6 RF out LNA2 7 RF out LNA1 8 RF in LNA1 9 RF in LNA2 10 C1 11 C2 12 C3 13 GND 1,1 mm Top view BGM7xxxx4L12 LNAs increase data rate and customer satisfaction General specifications Gain: 13 db NF: 0.7 db IP1dB: 2 dbm IIP3oob: 5 dbm Icc: 5 ma Page 14
1,1 mm BGM15xL12 family World's first LNA multiplexer modules (LMMs) Application and features Package and pinning Diversity or main paths LTE, 3G or CDMA systems shielding included World's smallest: 1.9x1.1 mm² Available in three configurations: Low bands: BGM15LL12 Mid bands: BGM15ML12 High bands: BGM15HL12 SP5T+ LNA 1,9 mm Top view General specifications BGM15xL12 LNA multiplexer modules (LMMs) increase data rate and keep flexibility and low footprint Gain: 15dB NF: 1.0 db IP1dB: -4 dbm IIP3oob: 5 dbm Icc: 5 ma Page 15
BGS16MN14 & BGS18MN14 SP6T / SP8T Diversity RF Switches with MIPI Features Block Diagram 1 Package for SP6T and SP8T VDD GND VDD GND MIPI RFFE controller For usage up to 3 GHz Up to +32dBm input power Compatible to all available Chipset reference designs ANT Regulator/ Bias - generation SP6T MIPI RFFE Control Interface 1 2 3 4 5 6 ANT Regulator/ Bias - generation SP8T MIPI RFFE Control Interface 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 SDATA SCL VIO SDATA SCL VIO Applications & Availability Package Mobile cellular applications & modules TSNP-14: 2.0x2.0mm² 400 450 Diversity Switch for FDD 3M/8 B and TDD 4M/10B 500 1100 1100 850 2000 In Production 200 850 200 2000 Page 16
BGS1515MN20 BGS1414MN20 DP10T/DP8T Carrier Aggregation Diversity Features Block Diagram Suitable for carrier aggregation 2 Antenna Connections Up to +32dBm input power MIPI RFFE controller Large supply voltage range from 2.5 V to 5.5 V _1 _2 _3 _4 _5 _1 _2 _3 _4 _5 Vdd (2.5-5.5V) Regulator SP4/5T SP4/5T MIPI RFFE SDATA SCL VIO Ant Ant Applications & Availability Mobile cellular applications Suitable for Interband CA Target Schedule: ES: available MP: 07/2014 Package TSNP-20: 2.3x2.3mm² Page 17
Summary Diversity antennas increase system gain and thus spectral density and possible data rates LTE LNAs are mandatory to compensate losses connected with long diversity antenna s transmission lines Infineon technologies enables best user expereince and pioneers LNAs and RF Switches with best-in-class insertion loss figures Page 18
Additional Resources Guidelines for achieving best-inclass Diversity Performance in your Smartphone Applications Houssem Chouik Learn more about RF Application Guide Mobile Communication Page 19