Projekt Sichere Intelligente Mobilität Testfeld Deutschland Project Safe Intelligent Mobilty Test Field Germany ETSI TC ITS Workshop 4-6 February 2009 ETSI, Sophia Antipolis, France Dr. Christian Weiß, Daimler AG Group Research and Advanced Engineering GR/ETI 050 / G021 Sindelfingen Christian.A.Weiss@Daimler.com 1
Motivation Mobility Challenges Congestion generates annual economic cost of 17,4 bn. (Estimate EU commission) Objectives of the European white book will not be achieved with conventional systems alone Traffic Safety Accident statistics 2006: appr. 420.000 injured pers. appr. 5000 fatalities in Germany (Source Statistisches Bundesamt D.) Leverage the potential of communications to improve this situation. 2
How Can Communication Help An Example 3
How Can Communication Help An Example Improved Local Traffic Information Local danger warning C2C communication is used for warning the following vehicles Traffic Information Upload Transmission of information via C2I communication to traffic management center (wireline, WiMAX, radio relay, ) First vehicle is not equipped with communication unit. Accident cannot be avoided/alleviated using communication. Second vehicle (equipped with communication unit) informs following vehicle about accident (car-to-car communication). Second vehicle transmits accident information to road-side unit (RSU) for relay to traffic management center. Traffic Information Download Fusion of several information sources, provision in the relevant destination area (geo-specific addressing) via C2I communication Traffic management center refines local information using additional sources and relays refined information to RSU for dissemination in the relevant geographic area Passing vehicles are warned in time by the RSUs about the accident zone. 4
What Sort of Communication Is Needed? Questions Answered So Far / Done Deals Results of the various research projects on Car-to-X (C2X) communications: Short-range communication technology (based on ITS-G5A IEEE 802.11 (European profile) in 5.875 GHz to 5.905 GHz frequency range) can work well in vehicle environments Low network acquisition time (under 100 msecs) Fast transaction times (on the order of 100 msecs) Priority mechanisms for safety applications installed Spectral crowding/interference minimized through dedicated spectrum Communications range (about 300 m) can support envisioned safety applications Methods for geo-addressing are available Existing infrastructure can be effectively interfaced with roadside units The breadth/applicability of applications based in this technology is better understood 5
On the Way to a Communication System for Improving Road Safety and Efficiency -Cooperation Model Hazard warning triggered by hazard flashers IVHW Inter-Vehicle Hazard Warning WLAN based vehicular ad hoc networks SAFESPOT Driver information and warning Cooperative driving FOT SIM-TD in Germany P R O M O T E C H A U F F E U R INVENT-VLA CarTalk Communication based vehicle control *Non-exhaustive list of projects with focus on communications, many other candidate projects for cooperation in the area of applications. 6
Open Questions / Issues To test and validate technologies and functions for car-to-infrastructure and car-to-car communications in a setup that is representative for a realistic deployment environment. To evaluate the effectiveness and benefits that can be gained by applications and services enabled by car-to-infrastructure and car-to-car communications. To gather sufficient information to support a deployment decision for a country-wide (if not cross-border-wide in case of Europe) introduction of carto-infrastructure and car-to-car communications technologies. A large scale field operational trial (FOT) is needed to answer these questions. SIM-TD provides this FOT and is the next necessary step to prepare for an informed deployment decision for cooperative systems. 7
Topics of SIM-TD 1. Demonstration and evaluation of the effectiveness of applications in three categories Mobility / traffic management Safety / hazard warning Additional / commercial services 2. Further refinement and validation of technologies/systems for C2X communication developed in recent years. 3. Prototypical setup of a communication network Integration of traffic management centers / traffic agencies via car-to-infrastructure communication (RSUs), networking of RSUs and servers Setup of a hybrid system: Cellular radio (e.g., GSM/UMTS) as baseline, short-range communication technology (based on ITS-G5A IEEE 802.11) to enable real-time operation. 4. Prototype car communication unit (CCU) and roadside unit (RSU) 5. Assess deployment strategies and models for operation of C2X communication, economic implications C2I communication C2C communication 8
SIM-TD: Project Partners Partners: Vehicle manufacturers: Suppliers: Region: TelCo/Provider: Science: Audi, BMW AG, BMW F+T, Daimler, Ford, Opel, Volkswagen Bosch, Continental Stadt Frankfurt, HLSV (Verkehrszentrale Hessen) Deutsche Telekom Fraunhofer, DFKI, Uni Würzburg, TU München, HTW, TU Berlin 9
Project Facts Duration: September 1, 2008 August 31, 2012 Budget / Funding: appr. 53 Mio. / appr. 30 Mio. plus infrastructure investment Supported by Federal Ministry of Economics and Technolog (BMWi) Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) Federal Ministry of Transport, Building & Urban Affairs (BMVBS) The SIM-TD consortium highly appreciates the support of the German Federal Ministries for the project! 10
SIM-TD Test Region with Corresponding Functions 11
SIM-TD: Project Phases Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Test region equipped, #RSUs) Penetration (#CCUs, Requirements Specification of architecture Prototype implementation of CCU and RSU Equipped research vehicles and system test Production of CCUs and RSUs Ramping-up of test fleet and test region Start of FOT execution Several hundred vehicles and RSUs available Large-scale FOT Evaluation Start of project End of project time 12
Status of SIM-TD Selection of Functions Finalized Systematic and formalized selection process based on a two-step approach: Selection of functions using a criteria-based method based on the Analytical Hierarchy Process (Advantages: robust, transformation of complex decisions into a series of pairwise comparisons, consistency check) A direct selection process to capture subjective preferences of the partners. Result: 21 functions covering the areas Mobility / traffic management Safety / hazard warning Additional / commercial services Current work/next steps: Detailed specification of the selected functions / requirements analysis Validation methods/metrics and corresponding test design Deduction/verification of SIM-TD system architecture 13
List of SIM-TD Functions Mobility/Traffic Basis Services Data collection in the infrastructure Data collection by the vehicle Identification of road weather Identification of traffic situation Identification of traffic events / incidents Traffic information&navigation Foresighted road / traffic information Road works information system Advanced route guidance & navigation Mobility/Traffic Traffic management Alternative route management Optimized urban network usage based on traffic light control Local traffic-adaptive traffic light control Driving and Safety Local danger warning Obstacle warning Congestion warning Road weather warning Emergency vehicle warning Driving and Safety Driving Assistance In-vehicle signage/traffic rule violation warning Traffic light phase assistant / traffic light violation warning Extended electronic brake light Intersection & cross-traffic assistance Additional Services Internet-based services Location-dependent services Each function comprises several use cases. 14
SIM-TD Sichere Intelligente Mobilität - Testfeld Deutschland Summary and Conclusion SIM-TD is worldwide the first field operational trial that is large enough to test and validate technologies and systems for C2X communication in a real-life environment that exceeds the demonstrator status, to examine the entire spectrum of applications with regard to the effects on traffic safety and efficiency, and to assess operating models and introduction scenarios. SIM-TD is the next necessary step to prepare for an informed deployment decision 15