Printed Electronics - Quo Vadis? Emil J.W. List Institute of Solid State Physics Graz University of Technology NanoTecCenter Weiz Forschungsgesellschaft mbh Agenda Introduction Motivation What is Printed Electronics et Quo Vadis? Flexible Displays and Lighting Applications Plastic Photovoltaic Printed Smart Sensor Labels Inkjet Printing as an Industrial Production Process Conclusion
Challenges in material science today for electronic appliactions of tomorrow Unique Features Flexible Transparent Large area Overall Performance Conformable Light weight Autonomous highly integrated High resolution - high storage capacity Energy/Sustainability Renewable energy at low cost Energy saving in operation Sustainable production Recycling concepts Nokia Morph Silicon versus carbon First Transistor Bell Laboratories 1947
Hybrid Material Systems Based on Organic and Inorganic Materials Light generation, charge separation, transport, and many more as required by the targeted application. Unifying Property : Materials should allow for flexible, transparent devices and large area processing http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/file:complementarytechnologies.png Agenda Introduction Motivation What is Printed Electronics et Quo Vadis? Flexible Displays and Lighting Applications Plastic Photovoltaic Printed Smart Sensor Labels Inkjet Printing as an Industrial Production Process Conclusion
Market Potential Printed (organic) Electronics 2025 Source: IDTechEx, Organic Electronics Forecasts, Players & Opportunities 2005 Products in the market
OLED TV 2012
OLED Lighting Status Quo http://www.liternity.com/ http://www.oled-info.com/oled-light and www.novaled.com Why Photovoltaics?
Why Organic Photovoltaics? Why Organic Photovoltaics? USPs of OPV Flexible Preparation on PET/PEN foils Low temperature fabrication processes based on coating Adaptable in size and shape R2R or S2S fabrication: high throughput, low-cost, low investment cost Lightweight High absorption coefficient of acceptor materials (thin active PV layers 100-200 nm) ~0,5 kg/m 2 Available in different color Available in (semi-) transparent form Short energy payback time Challenges on the way Solar cell efficiency Lifetime Cost of anode (ITO ) Fabrication process bridging the gap from the lab to the fab
Potential OPV Markets Leisure Required Efficiency Smart textiles Shading Consumer electronics Automotive & Transport RIPV Samsung Blue Earth Solarhandy Prototype ski jacket, Maier Sports PV marquee, Hymer Study Konarka Konarka BIPV Power plants Largest solar PV power plant of India BIPV - 'Palmenhouse' Munich Integrated Organic Sensor and Optoeletronics Technologies ISOTEC http://www.isotec-cluster.at
Transducers/Sensor Mechanisms using Hybrid MaPolymers Mechanical Parameters Pressure Frequency change Volume expansion Electrical Parameters Elec. Current (FET,OFET) Elec. Resistance Elec. Capacity Magnetic properties Optical Parameters Intensity Spectral Changes Lifetime of excited states.and many more Emil J.W. List Combining the Advantages and Disadvantages (Printed) Integrated Organic Sensor Devices + = (C) NTC Weiz GmbH Peter Pacher et al. patent pending; P. Pacher et al. Sensors and Actuators B 145, 181 (2010)
Integrated Organic Sensor and Optoelectronic Technologies ISOTEC (C) NTC Weiz GmbH Agenda Introduction Motivation What is Printed Electronics et Quo Vadis? Flexible Displays and Lighting Applications Plastic Photovoltaic Printed Smart Sensor Labels Inkjet Printing as an Industrial Production Process Conclusion
Productivity and resolution in printing technologies an overview Inkjet today Modified from (Source: Chemnitz University of Technology) Research Studio Austria INKJET FAB Optimization of the Magic Triangle of Inkjet-Printing for Obtaining Industrial Scale Printing Processes (Electronics, Solar, and Medical Applications, 2D and 3D) 0 = γ γ γ cos( Θ ) sv sl lv
Available Inkjet Processes Selected target applications: Conductive structures RFID antennas, ITO replacement Graphics, Solar applications Various inks: Metallic inks (Ag, Cu, Au, Pt, etc.) Photonic inks OSC, Dielectrics, etc. Qualified substrates: Flexible foils (PI, PET, PEN, etc) Glass, Si-wafer PCBs Paper, etc. Organic Solar Cell with Inkjet Printed Bottom Ag Electrodes ITO free bottom electrodes: Inkjet Printed Ag and spincast PEDOT-PSS Active layer: P3HT:PC 61 BM = 1:1 Performance: V oc = 0,58V I sc = 6,51mA/cm 2 FF = 47% Eff. = 1,77% (C) NTC Weiz GmbH Current Density (ma/cm²) 10 5 0 A Elektrode = 1,5 cm² V OC = 0,58 V I SC = 6,51 ma/cm² FF = 47 % Eff = 1,77 % -5 dark illuminated -10-0,4-0,2 0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0 Bias (V)
Antibacterial Coatings Hybrid polymer with antibacterial properties Nontoxic when cured Scratch-resistant Transparent No growth of bacteria Broad field of applications Inkjet printable Tested on various substrates: Cu Al PVC PEN/PET Glass FR4 Si0 2 Paper (C) NTC Weiz GmbH Door handle with antibacterial hybrid polymer applied by means of spray coating Conclusion - Quo Vadis PE? OLED Display On market with smart phone displays (Samsung) Entering Market with TV (Samsung, LG, Sony?) OLED Lighting Entering the market in high end price segments OPV Entering market for consumer applications Status - R&D for BIPV and RIPV Memory and Logic Status R&D RFID and integrated Sensors etc. Status R&D Printed Battery Status R&D Poster, Smart Signage, and Billboard Status R&D
Thank You for Your Attention! Key Research Area at TU Graz: Advanced Materials Science Structure 14 Institutes from 4 Faculties Chemie, Physik, Bauingenieure, Maschinenbau NanoTecCenter Weiz Forschungsgesellschaft mbh Zentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie Graz 4 CD-Labors Materials Center Leoben K-net Fügetechnik
Key Research Area at TU Graz: Advanced Materials Science - Competences Synthesis Surface Science Characterization Modeling Device Fabrication Basic Research - Applied Research Technology Development Interdisciplinary Master: Advanced Materials Science Thank You for Your Attention!