Fundamentals of HF Data Link 2014 Rockwell 2014 Collins. Rockwell Collins.
Framework for Discussion General Overview Propagation The Ground Component Architecture HFDL Ground Station The Airborne Component Architecture HF Data Radio 2
Framework for Discussion ARINC Report Provides guidelines or general info found by the airlines to be good practices, often related to maintenance and support. ARINC Report 634: HF Data Link System Design Guidance Material. ARINC Specification Principally used to define either the physical packaging or mounting of the avionics equipment, data communications standards or highlevel computer language. ARINC Specification 635-4: HF Data Link Protocols. ARINC Characteristics Define the form, fit, function and interfaces of avionics equipment ARINC Characteristic 719-5: Airborne HF / SSB System. ARINC Characteristic 753-2: HF Data Link System. ALL SPECS ARE AVAILABLE FROM ARINC.COM 3
General Overview 2014 Rockwell 2014 Collins. Rockwell Collins.
General Overview ARINC launched the world s only High Frequency Data Link (HFDL) system in 1998. 85 worldwide customers. Over 2600+ equipped aircraft with 4.8 million transmissions per month. 5
HFDL 101 The Basics Long-range, beyond the line-of-sight communications take place in the HF radio spectrum from 2-30 MHz. Over 167 frequencies used by the HFDL system worldwide. Over 32 different frequencies operating at any one time. Frequency Designation Abbreviation 3-30 khz Very low frequency VLF 30-300 khz Low frequency LF 300-3,000 khz Medium frequency MF HFDL 2-30 MHz High frequency HF VHF 30-300 MHz Very high frequency VHF 300-3,000 MHz Ultrahigh frequency UHF SAT 3-30 GHz Superhigh frequency SHF SAT 30-300 GHz Extremely high frequency EHF Air-ground message transmission speed varies depending on radio wave propagation conditions. 300, 600, 1200, 1800 bps. 6
HFDL 101 Propagation The ionosphere is a region of electrically charged particles or gases in the earth s atmosphere, extending approx. 30-375 miles above the earth s surface. Ionosphere Refraction of signal One hop Multi hop 7
HFDL 101 Propagation HFDL propagation is dependent on the ionosphere. The ionosphere s shape and density change throughout the day and night. In order to compensate, the HFDL system must also change the HF frequencies used. The nature of HF propagation allows for signals to travel great distances through multi-hop propagation. 15 ground stations provide overlapping global coverage. 8
The Ground Component 2014 Rockwell 2014 Collins. Rockwell Collins.
Architecture Ground End Systems Airline host processing DSP services CAA systems Tower systems VHF (POA) VDL SATCOM Transmit Antenna Ch1 Ch2 Ch3 ARINC Global Network ARINC s Central Processing System (CPS) HFDL Ground Station (HGS) Receive Antenna 10
Worldwide Coverage HF Ground Stations Alaska Bahrain Bolivia California Canary Islands Guam Hawaii Iceland Ireland New York New Zealand Panama Russia South Africa Thailand Legend HFDL ground station Areas of Primary coverage Areas of Secondary coverage
HFDL Flights June 2015 12
HFDL Polar Flights June 2015 13
The Airborne Component 2014 Rockwell 2014 Collins. Rockwell Collins.
Airborne Architecture HF Antenna Multi-Functional Cockpit Display Unit ACARS MU/CMU/ATSU HF Data Radio (x2) HF Coupler (x2) Flight Management System 15
Equipage HFDL is certified as forward-fit on most large commercial transport aircraft. Boeing B737-700 / 800 / 900 B747-400 / 400F B757-200 / 300 B767-200 / 300 / 400 B777-200 / 300 B787 (future delivery) Airbus A319 / 320 / 321 A330 / 340 A380 (HFDL is standard equipment) 16
Equipage cont. Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) available on many aircraft types. A320 family B737-800 B747-200 / 300 / 400 B757-200 / 300 B767-200 / 300 / 400 B777-200 MD-11 Rockwell Collins owns many of these 17
Let s Wrap This Up HFDL ground and airborne components work together to make HFDL a highly reliable data link service. HFDL is a cost-effective alternative to satellite, but used in conjunction with satellite provides the most reliable long-range data link combination. Significant operational benefits to be gained from implementing HFDL. 18