Grades 3-5. Exploring American Indians Learning Lapbook with Study Guide SAMPLE PAGE. A Journey Through Learning

Authors-Paula Winget and Nancy Fileccia Copyright 2012 A Journey Through Learning Pages may be copied for other members of household only. For group use, please see our website to purchase a classroom/co-op license. Please check our website at: www.ajourneythroughlearning.com While you are there, sign up for our email newsletter and receive a FREE lapbook! You ll also receive great discount codes, special offers, find out what s new and what s to come! Join us on Facebook! Clipart is from www.clipart.com Copyright 2012 A Journey Through Learning 2

Keep in mind that children of the same age can have very different academic and motor skills. Some children may have trouble writing in some of the smaller spaces of this lapbook. If this describes your child, we encourage you to let your child dictate the answers and you write for him. A lapbook is to be a fun project, not stressful. Hamburger Fold-Fold horizontally Hotdog Fold-Fold vertically Dotted Lines-These are the cutting lines. Accordion Fold-This fold is like making a paper fan. Fold on the first line so that title is on top. Turn over and fold on next line so that title is on top again. Turn over again and fold again on the next line so that title is on top. Continue until all folds are done. Cover Labels-Most of the booklets that are folded look nicer with a label on top instead of just a blank space. They will be referred to as cover label. How Long Does it Take to Complete the Lapbook? Doing a study guide page and mini-booklet a day, a 2-folder lapbook takes 2-3 weeks to complete. However, you can expand the study portion and make it last as long as you like! That s the beauty of homeschooling! Do it YOUR way! Lapbook Assembly Choices (see photos on how to fold and glue your folders together) We recommend using Zip Dry Glue or Elmer's Extreme. Choice #1 -Do not glue your folders together until you have completely finished both folders. It is easier to work with one folder instead of two or three glued together. Choice #2 -Glue both folders together before beginning. Some children like to see the entire project as they work on it. It helps with keeping up with which folder you are supposed to be working in. The choices are completely up to you and your child! How do I know where to place each template in the folder? Folder 1 This placement key tells you the template goes in the first folder at the top of the left flap. Copyright 2012 A Journey Through Learning 3

Folding a Lapbook Base Original fold line Gather the number of folders required for the project. Fold them flat as seen here. For each folder, fold the left and right sides inward toward the original line to create two flaps. Crease so that the highest part of each flap is touching the original line. It is important not to let the two flaps overlap. You may want to take a ruler and run it down each crease to make it sharper. Glue your folders together by putting glue (or you may staple) on the inside of the flaps. Then press the newly glued flaps together with your hands until they get a good strong hold to each other. Follow this step to add as many folders as you need for your project. Most of our lapbooks have either 2 or 3 folders. G L U E Highest part of flap. G L U E G L U E G L U E Photo of a completed lapbook base Copyright 2012 A Journey Through Learning 4

Folder 1 Apache First Americans Tribal Regions Tribes Across America Sioux Wampanoag Natchez Caddo Cherokee Chinook Folder 2 Powhatan Chumash Pequot Nez Pierce My Report Copyright 2012 A Journey Through Learning 6

Table of Contents The First Americans Tribal Regions of North America Sioux Indians Caddo Indians Powhatan Indians Apache Indians Nez Pierce Indians Wampanoag Indians Natchez Indians Cherokee Indians Chumash Indians Chinook Indians Pequot Indians Indian Tribe Report Books To Read Recipes Craft Ideas Teepee Template Copyright 2012 A Journey Through Learning 7

The First Americans Many people claim that Christopher Columbus discovered America. The Native American Indians were around long before any of the explorers landed on the North American continent. American Indians varied considerably from region to region, as did their reactions to European settlements. Indian families lived in tribes. Each family was dependent on the other for survival. They lived by the customs and practices of their ancestors and used the land only as they needed it, believing it was sacred. Around the 1500's, European explorers began to explore inland of the new found continent. They often were peaceful toward the Indians, but many times they were fearful and killed them. The new white man brought many new things to the Indians, such as cooper, iron, metal for weapons, and new foods and plants. They also brought new diseases and war. In 1776, the United States became a country. The Europeans no longer felt like a visitor to this land. They wanted to own all of it. There were more and more people coming over and more land was needed for their expansion. The military began taking what it wanted and began forcing the Indian tribes into extinction. Out of fear of the Indians, the Europeans tried to force the Indians to be like them, to be Christians, and to speak English. Most Indians were forced from their homeland onto reservations. Often they were forced to walk hundreds of miles and were given very little food or clothing for the journey. Many Indians died while on the way to their new homes. The United States government began dividing the country during its expansion. Indians on reservations were given small plots of land. The rest of their land was taken over by settlers. This is why few tribes are left today. Copyright 2012 A Journey Through Learning 9

Tribal Regions of North America The Indians of North America were scattered all over the North American continent. To help identify the different Native American tribes, symbols were assigned to seven different regions of the United States. The symbols are used as guides to help people understand where the tribes are located. All little bit about each region The Northwest is warm, wet, and cool. California and the Southwest are very hot and dry all year round. The basin has hot deserts and bitter cold winters in some parts. Warm summers and a good rainfall are found in the Northeast. Heavy snow and dry summers abound in the plains. The Southeast has mild winters, hot summers, and an abundance of rain. Place a star in the region that you live in Copyright 2012 A Journey Through Learning 11

Folder 1 Read Tribal Regions of North America. Cut out and hotdog fold. Cut out cover label. Glue label on top of folded booklet. Glue booklet into lapbook. Directions: Cut out map region labels and glue on the map in the correct location. Hotdog fold 2 1 3 Cover label The Seven Climate Regions of North America 5 4 6 7 4 5 1 3 2 6 7 Plains Southwest California Great Basin and Plateau Northwest Southeast Northeast Cut out the symbols and place them in the correct location on the map Tribal Regions Copyright 2012 A Journey Through Learning 12

Folder 1 Cut out the two squares on this page. Stack with title page on top and staple together at the top. Glue into lap book. Directions: Color in the locations of the different tribes. Indian Tribes Across America Color the Pacific Northwest Region Brown Chinook, Nootka, Kwakiutl Color the California Region- Red Maidu, Chumash, Yahi Color the Southwest Region -orange Navajo, Apache, Hopi Color the Great Basin Region green Nez Perce, Shoshone, Flathead Color the Northeast Region Purple Wampanoag, Powhatan, Pequot Color the Southeast Region grey Cherokee, Caddo, Natchez Color the Plains Region Blue Cheyenne, Sioux, Pawnee Copyright 2012 A Journey Through Learning 13

Sioux Indians Sioux, or Dakota, Indians were settled near the headwaters of the Mississippi River. They were first spotted by the French in 1640. They occupied the vast domain extending from the Arkansas River and westward to the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains. The Sioux rode horses for hunting and for their traveling. They paddled down rivers on boats made from tree trunks. The Sioux were also known as the Plains People. They got this name because they roamed the vast plains hunting buffalo. After the kill, the huge buffalo was put upon a travois. A travois was made out of buffalo skin spread over two long poles. The buffalo would then be taken to the tribe for its use. The Sioux did not believe in wasting any part of the buffalo. They used every part of it for something. Fur was used for blankets, bones for weapons, and even the skin was used to make beef jerky. They also gathered fruits and vegetables and even grew their own crops of maize, squash, and beans. They often traded between the various tribes. In 1875, gold was discovered in the Black Hills of Dakota. The United States wanted to purchase the land and relocate the Indians to a new Indian Territory. The Indians refused to move. They sent Chief Sitting Bull to visit with President Grant. When Chief Sitting Bull refused to sign a treaty, the Indians prepared for war. In the spring of 1876, the military launched a fight against them. In the battle, General Custer and all of his men were killed. This battle became known as The Battle of Little Big Horn, or "Custer's Last Stand. This battle showed the strength and fighting power of the Indian Nation. While in the end they lost their fight to keep their land, they demonstrated their outstanding bravery and fighting skill in defeating Custer and humiliating the US Army. Travois Copyright 2012 A Journey Through Learning 14

Folder 1 Read Sioux Indians. Cut out the two circles, stack with title on top, and staple at the top. Glue into lapbook. Directions: Fill in information on each circle about the Sioux Indians. The Sioux Indians Copyright 2012 A Journey Through Learning 15

The Caddo Indians The Caddo Indians lived in east and northeast Texas. This region of Texas is called the pine forest. It stretches from the Atlantic Ocean across the South and into East Texas. The Caddo Indians were farmers. Their farms and villages were near flowing creeks or springs with fresh water. They were considered sedentary because they lived in permanent housing. Unlike most Indians who moved to follow the herds of buffalo or other animals, they stayed in one place. They lived off their crops. They planted corn, beans, and squash. They also hunted deer, turkey, rabbits, squirrels, and other animals in the woods around them. The main food source for them was the buffalo. They did not waste any part of the animal. They would dry the meat to preserve it. This way they would have meat even in the middle of winter. They used the skins to make robes and clothing. The hair was used for blankets. The Caddo Indians were, for the most part, a friendly tribe. They did not have many enemies to the west and south of them. However, the Osage Indians that lived to the north were their enemies. The Caddo Indians did not live in teepees like most Indians. They lived in tall, cone-shaped, grass huts. The huts were made from a wood frame and covered with cut cane and long grasses. Inside the huts was nice hand-made furniture and floors covered with woven grass and split cane mats. Many families usually lived together in one hut. The Caddo Indians made and used farming tools in their fields. They had hoes, shovels, axes, saws, and drills. For weapons, they had bows and arrows. Copyright 2012 A Journey Through Learning 16