Technical Article Exterior Durability of PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion Introduction PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion, a product of Dow Coating Materials, is a 100% acrylic emulsion suitable for use in high performance indoor and outdoor paints. This product has excellent tint retention on a variety of timbers as well as resistance to cracking, flaking & chalking. PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion is capable of being formulated into a wide range of paints from low to high pigment volume concentrations (PVC). PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion is a versatile all acrylic emulsion that has been developed in Australia to meet a range of customers needs. It is capable of being formulated for primer free applications and can be used in products from gloss through to flat coatings. This versatility enables customers to reduce the number of emulsions needed to maintain a wide product offering. The following data has been generated locally from the Dow Coating Materials Geelong exposure facility. Please note the durability results in this document are based on an exposure at North 45 degrees. This angle has been found to accelerate the weathering process up to 1.5 times what would be expected for vertical panels facing North. SERIES A95AG Durability of PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion in Sheen Paint. TABLE 1 - Series A95AG PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion was exposed in this series and compared with a Dow Coating Materials emulsion with a softer composition of glass transition temperature (Tg) 13 C. As would be expected the higher Tg of PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion was more prone to grain crack resistance on an unprimed substrate. Results after 60 months exposure North 45 degrees Binder PVC / VS Flaking / Cracking Recoats over MA Flaking/Cracking 2 coats on primer PRIMAL PR-1045 32.1 / 34.8 99 / 93 99 / 97 93 Commercial Acrylic 32.1 / 34.8 93 / 80 99 / 97 97 72 Month Chalking The self priming panels were terminated after 60 months exposure. The panels with two coats applied over primer continued to provide similar excellent performance until 84 months. The level of grain crack resistance of a coating is affected by many formulating variables. One of the key variables is the pigment volume concentration (PVC) of the coating. The following series investigates PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion performance at different PVC levels relative to a leading commercial self priming emulsion. TM Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company ( Dow ) or an affiliated company of Dow Form No. DW09A021, Rev. 0 Page 1 of 6 PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion / Dow Coating Materials November 2009
TABLE 2 - Series A95V PVC / VS PVC Binder Studies after 43 months exposure North 45 degrees Flaking / Cracking Treated Pine Mountain Ash PRIMAL PR-1045 Commercial Self Priming Emulsion PRIMAL PR-1045 Commercial Self Priming Emulsion 30 / 35 99 / 97 99 / 97 97 / 97 97 / 93 35 / 35 99 / 97 99 / 93 97 / 93 90 / 83 40 / 35 97 / 97 99 / 97 97 / 93 87 / 83 45 / 35 97 / 97 97 / 93 97 / 90 77 / 73 The grain crack resistance of PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion was slightly higher than the commercial self priming emulsion when applied on mountain ash panels. As would be expected when the PVC is increased there is a corresponding drop in grain crack resistance. In self priming gloss paints PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion also performs well when compared with premium self priming emulsions such as PRIMAL RHA-184 Acrylic Emulsion TABLE 3 - Series A00P Emulsion Identification Self Priming Gloss Paint Evaluation after 48 months exposed North 45 degrees One Coat on Mountain Ash Cracking Flaking Loss of Adhesion Two Coats on Mountain Ash Cracking Flaking Loss of Adhesion Initial Gloss 48 month Gloss PRIMAL PR-1045 40 40 40 90 93 93 54 / 81 11 / 54 PRIMAL RHA-184 60 50 40 93 99 99 53 / 80 18 / 63 Competitive Emulsion 20 20 20 83 93 90 46 / 77 11 / 55 In this series paints were applied in one coat to accelerate early crack resistance failure. The Dow Coating Materials emulsions both perform well in comparison with the competitive emulsion. (Refer Appendix for formulation details). Page 2 of 6 PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion / Dow Coating Materials November 2009
TABLE 4 - Series A01P Competitive Self Priming White Gloss Exposure after 48 months North 45 degrees Emulsion Identification Two Coats on Mountain Ash Cracking Flaking Dirt & Mildew Initial Gloss 48 month Gloss PRIMAL PR-1045 90 97 40 41 / 74 12 / 56 PRIMAL RHA-184 97 97 40 41 / 77 16 / 62 Competitive Emulsion 87 93 40 5 / 32 4 / 35 Emulsion Identification Initial Lab 48 Month Lab L* a * b * L* a * b * PRIMAL PR-1045 83.7-10.9-16.2 82.4-4.4-15.5 PRIMAL RHA-184 83.7-11.1-16.6 81.5-4.2-16.5 Competitive Emulsion 82.9-11.2-17.5 82.1-4.2-16.2 Series A01P has also provided excellent durability results for PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion. This series has shown that PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion provides a high level of performance when applied in a self priming application. Both coatings with Dow Coating Materials emulsions have higher gloss and crack resistance than the coating formulated with the competitive emulsion. The coating based on the competitive emulsion was also observed to have a significantly lower initial gloss than the other paints. The tint retention of all paints was similar when tinted with 2.17g/100ml Pthalo Blue. Conclusion PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion is a versatile emulsion that provides excellent exterior performance. It can be formulated in self priming applications and can provide even higher performance levels over recoated or primed surfaces Page 3 of 6 PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion / Dow Coating Materials November 2009
APPENDIX A Primer-free Exterior Gloss Based on PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion Formulation Number: GTC-162-01 Material Name Kg Charge to a cowles dissolver: Propylene glycol (Wet Edge Agent) 45.0 Water (Diluent) 26.1 KATHON LXE (In-can preservative) 1.0 OROTAN 731DP (Dispersant) 2.8 Aqueous ammonia (28%) (ph control) 1.0 TRITON X-405 (Surfactant) 2.0 Dehydran 1293 (Defoamer) 1.0 Tiona 595 (Titanium Dioxide) 285.0 Zinc Oxide (Reactive Pigment) 6.0 Sub-Total 369.4 Run for 15 20 minutes then Letdown: PRIMAL PR-1045 (Acrylic Emulsion) 730.0 2,2,4-TMP monoisobutyrate* (Coalescent) 20.4 ROCIMA 363 (Mildewcide) 8.0 Propylene glycol (Wet Edge Agent) 10.0 ACRYSOL SCT-275 (Rheology Modifier) 3.7 ACRYSOL RM-2020NPR (Rheology Modifier) 17.5 TRITON CF-10 (Surfactant) 1.0 Dehydran 1293 (Defoamer) 1.0 Water (Diluent) 100.1 Ammonium benzoate (Flash Rust Restance) 1.0 Total 1262.1 Volume 1000.0 lt Expected Formulation Constants PVC, % 18.9 Volume solids, % 38.8 Weight solids, % 51.7 Density, g/ml 1.26 * 2,2,4-Trimethylol-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate (such as Filmer IBT) Page 4 of 6 PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion / Dow Coating Materials November 2009
APPENDIX B Primer-free Exterior Low Sheen Based on PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion Formulation Number: GTC-162-07 Material Name Kg Charge to a cowles dissolver: Water (Diluent) 77.0 Propylene glycol (Wet Edge Agent) 30.0 OROTAN 731DP (Dispersant) 2.4 KATHON LXE (In-can preservative) 1.5 Aqueous ammonia (28%) (ph Control) 1.0 ACRYSOL RM-2020NPR (Rheology Modifier) 5.0 TERGITOL NP-13 (Surfactant) 3.0 TERGITOL NP-40 (Surfactant) 1.0 Dehydran 1293 (Defoamer) 1.0 Tiona 696 (Titanium Dioxide) 259.6 Zinc Oxide (Reactive Pigment) 6.0 Omyacarb 2 (Calcium Carbonate) 100.0 Silica 400G (Extender) 36.0 Sub-Total 523.5 Run for 15 20 minutes then Letdown: ROPAQUE ULTRA (Opaque Polymer) 62.1 Water (Diluent) 96.3 Ammonium benzoate (Flash Rust Resistance) 1.0 Propylene glycol (Wet Edge Agent) 10.0 ROCIMA 363 (Mildewcide) 8.0 PRIMAL PR-1045 (Acrylic Emulsion) 595.0 Dehydran 1293 (Defoamer) 2.0 2,2,4-TMP monoisobutyrate* (Coalescent) 17.7 ACRYSOL SCT-275 (Rheology Modifier) 8.4 Total 1324.9 Volume 1000.0 lt Expected Formulation Constants PVC, % 37.9 Volume solids, % 40.5 Weight solids, % 54.2 Density, g/ml 1.32 * 2,2,4-Trimethylol-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate (such as Filmer IBT) Page 5 of 6 PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion / Dow Coating Materials November 2009
Safe Handling Information Chemical Registration Note on Asia-Pacific Product Line The Dow Chemical Company Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) contain pertinent information that you may need to protect your employees and customers against any known health or safety hazards associated with our products. The Dow Chemical Company recommends that you have your local Dow Coating Materials technical representatives supply you with MSDS on all our products before using them in your facilities. We also suggest that you contact the suppliers of other materials recommended for use with our products for appropriate health and safety regulations before use. Many countries within the Asia-Pacific require the registration of chemicals, either imported or produced locally, prior to their commercial use. Violation of these regulations may lead to substantial penalties imposed upon the user, the importer or manufacturer, and/or cessation of supply. It is in your interests to ensure that all chemicals used by you are registered. The Dow Chemical Company does not supply unregistered products unless permitted under limited sampling procedures as a precursor to registration. Product availability and grades vary throughout the countries in Asia-Pacific. Please contact your local Dow Coating Materials representative for further information and samples. Contact: Australia / NZ +61-3-9272-4222 South East Asia +65-6861-1077 Greater China +86-21-3851-1000 Japan +81-3-6238-4300 Korea +82-11-265-3736 India +91-22-6602-8888 http://www.dow.com/coating The suggestions and data in this document are based on information we believe to be reliable. They are offered in good faith, but without guarantee, as conditions and methods of use of our products are beyond our control. The prospective user is responsible for determining whether our products and the information in this document are appropriate for your use, and for ensuring your workplace and disposal practices are in compliance with applicable laws and other governmental requirements. We assume no obligation or liability for the information provided herein or how the information is used. Suggestions for use of our products or the inclusion of descriptive material from patents and the citation of specific patents in this publication should not be understood as recommending the use of our products in violation of any patent or as permission or license to use any patents of The Dow Chemical Company or any of its affiliated companies. Page 6 of 6 PRIMAL PR-1045 Acrylic Emulsion / Dow Coating Materials November 2009