Volume 118 No. 20 2018, 1403-1408 ISSN: 1311-8080 (printed version); ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.ijpam.eu ijpam.eu PHOTOSENSITIVE BASED THEFT DETECTION USING GSM TECHNOLOGY 1 Janani T, 2 Keerthana P, 3 Lingeswaran S, 4 Madhan Kumar M P, 5 Minitha T 1 Assistant Professor, 2 Student, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Karpagam College of Engineering, Coimbatore, India Abstract: In order to develop a low cost and effective security system for lockers and homes, LPC2148 development along with LDR (Light Dependent resistor), IR sensors and GSM module are used. For Locker security purpose we are using an LDR to detect whether the locker is open or not. When the locker is closed there will be no light inside the locker. So when it is opened by someone, this LDR will be detected by light and it gives intimation to the controller board. The controller will send an alerting SMS to the locker owner and corresponding authorities so that they can take an emergency action. The second type of security dealt here is Home Security. Now a day s lots of people are staying in cities very far from their families for work purpose. So lot of them will leave their home locked and got to work daily. Hence there will be a chance for thieves to enter into the houses and steal valuable things in the houses. So whenever the door is open the communication between IR transmitter and IR receiver will be lost which will indicate microcontroller board that someone has opened the door and the microcontroller board will gives the information to the house owner through an SMS. Finally a high resolution camera can be used to take pictures of the person who has attempted to open the locker or door. Index Terms: Arduino microcontroller, GSM 300 Module, LDR, IR sensor, Photosensitive, Security system 1. Introduction In this modern era of automation, there is a need to keep things under control through the use of welldefined technology and engineering capabilities. Over the years, many engineering fields like computer science, electronics, communication and Instrumentation technology, use sensors together in order to get better products and benefits. Obviously, it is a plausible fact that interdisciplinary efforts would lead to success because every field would overcome the limitations of the other. So, taking this as a motivation, an attempt is made here to develop an alternative method to provide security. This ensures photosensitive based theft control design for locker systems, and many other applications, by using LDR to check whether the lock is open or not, IR sensors, GSM technology to send SMS, high resolution camera for processing the image etc.. In this method, the LDR detects a change in the light intensity when the bank locker is open and it powers the Arduino board when high light intensity is present and IR sensors are used to check whether there is connection between transmitter and receiver when the door is open which will indicate the microcontroller that someone has opened the door. The board is preprogrammed in such a way that it sends a message to the account holder and concerned officials through the GSM modem that is interfaced serially. This indicates that the locker or door is open. The LDR circuit that is attached to the inner side of the locker, immediately detects any slight glimmer of light entering from outside. In the case of IR sensor it checks the transmission between transmitter and receiver. The remaining circuit (Arduino and GSM) comes outside the locker or door and is invisible to the burglar as it lies behind the locker case or door. 2. Existing System Manual locking device is the one of the current strategies that is widely used for many applications. In this mechanism, the user can enter the room by putting its appropriate key. It is insecure because of many reasons. The reasons are that the key turn out to be out of place. And also the major reason is manual interference that is any user with the key can enter the room or by breaking the lock. To overcome this one greater conventional technique had been employed. The technique is virtual locking machine such as password based locking system. In this mechanism, the password has been set by the owner in order to enter into the room. The person can enter the room if he puts the correct password or he will not able to enter the room. This is also insecure because anybody can hack the password. 3. Proposed System The block diagram comprises of the power supply section, Arduino UNO board, GSM SIM300 Module, LDR with relay circuit and MAX 232 driver or IR sensor, high resolution camera as shown in Fig.1. The 1403
relay circuit is powered through a step down transformer and the GSM modem using a 9-12 volts AC-to-DC adaptor. A SIM card with sufficient amount must be inserted to the modem to make outgoing calls or messages. High resolution camera is used to capture the image of the person trying to open the door or locker. the relay is excited by applying the 12V DC,it gets activated and in the process turns ON the device. Figure 2.(a) LDR. C. GSM SIM 300: Figure 2.(b) Relay Figure 1. Block Diagram 4. Circuit Description A. LDR (Light Dependent Resistor): The LDR is a resistor with resistance varies inversely with the intensity of light incident on it and is shown in Fig.2(a). The resistance can vary 400 Ω (for 1000 lux light) to as high as 10 7 Ω (for 10 lux light). Therefore, even with a slight change in incident light intensity, there is a significant change in resistance, thus making the measurement reliable. It is provided on board to interface the board with the real world luminous intensity as the parameter. It is connected in the lower half of a potential divider configuration with a 10K ohm resistor, so that the resistor-ldr junction voltage is inversely proportional to the amount of light incident on it. B. Relay The relay being used is a 230V / 2A relay and is an electromechanical relay and is shown in Fig.2(b). The excitation voltage required is +12V DC. It is driven using the relay driver IC ULN2003/VLN 2003A. When A GSM modem is a modem that provides a wireless communication. The device GSM SIM 300 used here is a dial-up modem as shown in Fig.3. Unlike a normal dial-up modem, this GSM modem sends and receives data through radio waves. But a wired dial up modem sends and receives data through a fixed telephone line connected by wires or cables. One advantage of using this is that the complexity of wiring reduced, connection is not disturbed by any physical interference, loss, etc. D. Arduino Board: Figure 3. GSM module. Arduino used in this project is based on ATmega328 microcontroller as shown in Fig.4. It has 14 digital input and output pins of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs, 6 analog inputs, a power jack and a reset button. It also contains an ICSP header and a 16 MHz ceramic resonator. It has all the things which are 1404
needed to support the microcontroller and can be simply connected to a personal computer with a USB cable or power it with an AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started. E. IR Sensor Figure 4. Arduino Board. An IR sensor is an electronic device that emits infrared radiation in order to sense some factors of the surroundings as shown in Fig.5. An IR sensor can measure the heat of an object as well as it detects the motion of an object. These type of sensors can only detect the infrared radiation, rather than emitting the radiation. In the infrared spectrum, all the objects radiate some form of thermal radiations. These radiations are not visible to eyes that can be detected only by an infrared sensor. The emitter in IR sensor is generally an IR LED (Light Emitting Diode) and the detector is an IR photodiode which is sensitive to IR light of the same wavelength as that emitted by the IR LED. When IR light falls on the photodiode, the resistances and these output voltages, change in proportion to the magnitude of the IR light received. Because of its performance, flexibility, and reasonable expenses, digital imaging devices are used extensively in many applications. Digital Cameras have become an integral part of day to day life, growing very popular so that everyone carries one around their neck and in their pocket or purse. But for something that has become so ingrained in our lives, not many people understand that how a camera captures an image. The technology behind the camera is based on the properties of light and the process of manipulating that process. Information about the visual scene that is acquired by the camera is obtained by focusing and transmitting the light through the optical system, and then sampling the visual information using an image sensor and an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter as given in Fig.6. Typically, zoom and focus motors control the focal position of the lens. In a digital camera, the photons of light pass through the film, causing a reaction where they strike. The development process translates that reaction into brightness when creating the final image. Color film uses several layers of film to record brightness levels for blue, green and red, which then translates into a full-color image. The pixels called photo sites capture photons as they enter and build up an electrical charge based on the count of the photons they capture. This information, which is again broken down into the three primary colors, is then translated into the image that you see on the screen. 5. Software Used The Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is an application which is designed for processing the programming language and wiring projects. Figure 5. IR Sensor F.Digital Camera Digital imaging devices such as digital camera consist of in built image processing mechanism for day-to-day applications. Digital imaging solutions are becoming very important due to the development and proliferation of imaging-enabled consumer electronic devices, such as digital cameras, mobile phones. Figure 6. Arduino Software It is designed to introduce programming to artists unfamiliar with software development. It includes a code editor with features such as index highlighting, brace matching and automatic indentation. It is also capable of compiling and uploading programs to the 1405
board with a single click. Arduino programs are written in C or C++. The Arduino IDE comes with a software library called Wiring from the original wiring project, which makes many input/ output operations much easier. Users only need to define two functions to make a runnable cyclic executive program. As the Arduino platform uses Atmel microcontrollers, Atmel s development environment, AVR studio or the newer Atmel studio may also be used for the development of software for Arduino. message will be send to the authentic person automatically through GSM module. 6. Flow Chart The flow chart explains how the circuit works which is shown in the Fig.7. Initially the LDR sensor or IR sensor senses the light. If the sensed light is greater than the optimum level then the camera module connected to the arduino captures the images of the person who is trying to open the door and send the images through the GSM module which is connected to the arduino to the user. If the sensed lihht is lesser than optimum level then no steps will be processed. Figure 8. Schematic View 8. Conclusion and Future Work Theft control and security systems being a growing necessity in the present day scenario, this paper finds practical utility in real world situations. The feasibility of this proposed system is verified. The experiments and tests conducted have produced positive responses. This system is inexpensive and compact in size, thus overcoming many practical constraints. The maintenance and operational costss are also low. LDR is a widely available optical sensor. The use of GSM technology assures to provide information to the owner as long as the person is connected to any GSM network and thus overcomes geographical limitations. There are several ways in which the method proposed can be improvised at a greater length by using the modern security methods. For instance, data communications and networking is an upcoming field that can be exploited to achieve better performance in this area. For example, instead of GSM technology, a computer network (PC based) can be established to achieve efficient communication. Cybernetics and computer networks can be also used in order to quickly give information to the concerned authorities. References Figure 7. Flow chart 7. Results And Discussion The result observed by this project is given in Fig.8, and observed is that when the door is locked there will be no light hence LDR detects no light when the door is opened the LDR detects the light and by turn the IR sensor attached inside the door also detected so that the [1] Malik Sikindar Hayat Khiyal, Aihab Khan, and ErumShehzadi. Sms Based Wireless Home Appliances Control System (HACS) for Automating Appliances and Security,Issues in Informing Science and Information Technolog.Vol.9..pp.887-894.2009. [2] A.Pazhampilly Sreedevi and B. Sarath S Nair, Image Processing Based Real Time Vehicle Theft Detection And Prevention System, IEEE, 2011. [3] Design & Development of a GSM Based Vehicle Theft Control System, B.G. Nagaraja, Ravi Rayappa, M Mahesh, Chandrasekhar, M Patil, Dr. T.C. 1406
Manjunath, IEEE International Conference on Advanced Computer Control. [4] Design and Implementation of Security Systems for Smart Home based on GSM technology, Jayashri Bangali and Arvind Shaligram, International Journal of Smart Home Vol.7, No.6 (2013), pp.201-208. [5] Islam, N.S. Wasi-ur-Rahman, M. An intelligent SMS-based remote Water Metering System. 12th International Conference on Computers and Information Technology, 21-23, Dec.2009, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [6] SHUBHANSHU GUPTA, S. KOLANGIAMMAL, T.PADMAPRIYA, Smart Curtain Using Internet Of Things International Innovative Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, Vol. 2,, pp. 4-8. [7] S.V.Manikanthan and V.Rama Optimal Performance of Key Predistribution Protocol In Wireless Sensor Networks International Innovative Research Journal of Engineering and Technology,ISSN NO: 2456-1983,Vol-2,Issue Special March 2017. 1407
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