Overvoltage protected AC switch Features Triac with overvoltage crowbar technology Low I GT (< ma) or high immunity (I GT < 35 ma) version High noise immunity: static dv/dt > 2 V/µs TO-22FPAB insulated package: 5 V rms Benefits Enables equipment to meet IEC 6-4-5 High off-state reliability with planar technology Need no external over voltage protection Reduces the power passive component count High immunity against fast transients described in IEC 6-4-4 standards OUT Figure. TO-22AB -7T 35-7T G OUT COM Functional diagram OUT TO-22FPAB -7FP 35-7FP G OUT COM Applications AC mains static switching in appliance and industrial control systems Drive of medium power AC loads such as: Universal motor of washing machine drum Compressor for fridge or air conditioner Description The series belongs to the ACS /ACST power switch family built with A.S.D. (application specific discrete) technology. This high performance device is suited to home appliances or industrial systems, and drives loads up to A. This switch has a Triac structure and a high voltage clamping device to absorb the inductive turn-off energy and withstand transients such as those described in the IEC 6-4-5 standard. The -7 needs a low gate current to be activated (I GT < ma) and still shows a high noise immunity complying with IEC 6-4-4 standard. The 35-7 offers a high static dv/dt immunity of 2 kv/µs minimum. G COM Table. Device summary Symbol Value Unit I T(RMS) A V DRM /V RRM 7 V I GT or 35 ma TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics : A.S.D. is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics July 2 Doc ID 5237 Rev 3 /3 www.st.com 3
Characteristics Characteristics Table 2. Absolute ratings (limiting values) Symbol Parameter Value Unit I T(RMS) I TSM On-state rms current (full sine wave) Non repetitive surge peak on-state current T j initial = 25 C, ( full cycle sine wave) TO-22AB T c = 5 C TO-22FPAB T c = 84 C A F = 6 Hz t p = 6.7 ms 5 A F = 5 Hz t p = 2 ms A I 2 t I 2 t for fuse selection t p = ms 66 A 2 s di/dt Critical rate of rise on-state current I G = 2 x I GT, (t r ns) F = 2 Hz T j = 25 C A/µs V PP Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage () T j = 25 C 2 kv P G(AV) Average gate power dissipation T j = 25 C. W P GM Peak gate power dissipation (t p = 2 µs) T j = 25 C W I GM Peak gate current (t p = 2 µs) T j = 25 C.6 A T stg Storage temperature range -4 to +5 C T j Operating junction temperature range -4 to +25 C T l Maximum lead solder temperature during ms (at 3 mm from case) 26 C V INS(RMS) Insulation rms voltage T-22FPAB 5 V. According to test described in IEC 6-4-5 standard and Figure 7 T j Table 3. Electrical characteristics Symbol Test conditions Quadrant Value -7 35-7 Unit () I GT V OUT = 2 V, R L = 33 Ω I - II - III 25 C MAX. 35 ma V GT V OUT = 2 V, R L = 33 Ω I - II - III 25 C MAX.. V V GD V OUT = V DRM, R L = 3.3 Ω I - II - III 25 C MIN..2 V I (2) H I OUT = 5 ma 25 C MAX. 3 5 ma I L I G =.2 x I GT I - II - III 25 C MAX. 5 7 ma dv/dt (2) V OUT = 67 % V DRM, gate open 25 C MIN. 2 2 V/µs (di/dt)c (2) (dv/dt)c = 5 V/µs 4.4 25 C MIN. Without snubber 2 A/ms V CL I CL =. ma, t p = ms 25 C MIN. 85 V. Minimum I GT is guaranteed at 5% of I GT max 2. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin 2/3 Doc ID 5237 Rev 3
Characteristics Table 4. Static characteristics Symbol Test conditions Value Unit V () TM I OUT = 4. A, t p = 5 µs T j = 25 C MAX..5 V () V T Threshold voltage T j = 25 C MAX..9 V () R d Dynamic resistance T j = 25 C MAX. 35 mω I DRM I RRM V OUT = V DRM / V RRM T j = 25 C MAX..2 ma T j = 25 C MAX. 2 µa. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin Table 5. Thermal characteristics Symbol Parameter Value Unit R th(j-c) R th(j-a) Junction to case (AC) Junction to ambient TO-22AB.7 C/W TO-22FPAB 3.5 C/W TO-22AB TO-22FPAB 6 C/W Figure 2. Maximum power dissipation vs. rms on-state current (full cycle) P(W) 2 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 I T(RMS) (A) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Figure 3. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 I T(RMS) (A) On-state rms current vs. case temperature (full cycle) T C( C) TO-22FPAB TO-22AB 25 5 75 25 Figure 4. I T(RMS) 3, (A) On-state rms current vs. ambient temperature (free air convection full cycle) Figure 5..E+ K=[Z /R ] th th Relative variation of thermal impedance vs. pulse duration TO-22AB Z th(j-c) 2,5 2, TO-22FPAB Z th(j-a),5.e-,,5 Tamb( C), 25 5 75 25 TO-22AB TO-22FPAB tp(s).e-2.e-3.e-2.e-.e+.e+.e+2.e+3 Doc ID 5237 Rev 3 3/3
Characteristics Figure 6. I TM (A) I TM(A) On-state characteristics (maximal values) T j max : T j =25 C V V to =.9 V T j =25 C TM (V) R d = 35 mω 2 3 4 5 Figure 8. Non repetitive surge peak on-state current for a sinusoidal pulse and corresponding value of I²t 2 2 I TSM(A), I t (A s) di/dt limitation: A/µs T j initial=25 C I TSM Figure 7. I TSM(A) 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Repetitive T C =5 C Non repetitive surge peak on-state current vs. number of cycles (T j initial = 25 C) Non repetitive T j initial=25 C Figure 9. 3. 2.5 2. t=2ms One cycle Number of cycles Relative variation of gate triggering current (I GT ) and gate triggering voltage vs. junction temperature I, V,[T /I [T = 25 C] GT GT j GT j IGTQ3 IGTQ-Q2 t (ms) p.... Figure. Relative variation of holding (I H ) and latching current (I L ) vs. junction temperature 2.5 I,I [T ]/I,I [T = 25 C] H L J H L j I²t.5..5 VGTQ-Q2-Q3 T ( C) j. -5-25 25 5 75 25 Figure. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current (di/dt)c vs. (dv/dt)c (di/dt)c [(dv/dt)c] / Specified (di/dt)c.6 2..4.2-7Cxx.5.. Typical values.8.6-7sxx.5 T J( C). -5-25 25 5 75 25 I L I H.4.2 (dv/dt)c (V/µs).. 4/3 Doc ID 5237 Rev 3
Characteristics Figure 2. 5 4 3 2 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current (di/dt)c vs. junction temperature (di/dt)c[t j ] / (di/dt)c[t j=25 C] T j( C) 25 5 75 25 Figure 3. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Relative variation of static dv/dt vs. junction temperature (dv/dt)[t ] / (dv/dt)[t = 25 C] j j T j ( C) V D =V R = 469V 25 5 75 25 Figure 4. Relative variation of maximum clamping voltage, V CL vs. junction temperature.5 V [T ] / V [T = 25 C] CL j CL j..5. Minimum values.95.9 t j( C).85-5 -25 25 5 75 25 Doc ID 5237 Rev 3 5/3
Application information 2 Application information 2. Typical application description The device has been designed to control medium power load, such as AC motors in home appliances. Thanks to its thermal and turn off commutation performances, the switch is able to drive an inductive load up to A with no turn off additional snubber. It also provides high thermal performances in static and transient modes such as the compressor inrush current or high torque operating conditions of an AC motor. Thanks to its low gate triggering current level, the -7 can be driven directly by an MCU through a simple gate resistor as shown Figure 5. Figure 5. Compressor control typical diagram Compressor Compressor AC Mains PTC AC Mains ACST ACST 2 3 Electronic thermostat Electronic starter logical circuitry Run switch ACST PTC ACST Start switch Rg Rg Rg Power supply Gate Driver Power supply Gate Driver Compressor with integrated e-starter Compressor with external electronic drive 6/3 Doc ID 5237 Rev 3
Application information Figure 6. Universal drum motor control typical diagram Universal motor Stator Rotor 2V AC Mains Motor direction setting MCU Speed motor regulation ACST Rg Vcc MCU 2.2 AC line transient voltage ruggedness In comparison with standard Triacs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the is self-protected against over-voltage, specified by the new parameter V CL. The switch can safely withstand AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy spikes, such as inductive spikes at switch off, or by switching to the on state (for less than ms) to dissipate higher energy shocks through the load. This safety feature works even with high turn-on current ramp up. The test circuit of Figure 7 represents the application, and is used to stress the ACST switch according to the IEC 6-4-5 standard conditions. With the additional effect of the load which is limiting the current, the ACST switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kv on top of the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar technology. The folds back safely to the on state as shown in Figure 8. The recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge and the next zero current crossing. Such a non repetitive test can be done at least times on each AC line voltage polarity. Doc ID 5237 Rev 3 7/3
Application information Figure 7. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads for IEC 6-4-5 standards R = 8 Ω, L = 4 µh, V PP = 2 kv Surge generator 2kV surge Rgene Filtering unit Model of the load R L AC Mains Rg Figure 8. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the during IEC 6-4-5 standard test V peak =V CL.2/5 µs voltage surge V I 8/2 µs current surge 8/3 Doc ID 5237 Rev 3
Ordering information scheme 3 Ordering information scheme Figure 9. Ordering information scheme ACS T - 7 FP AC switch Topology T = Triac On-state rms current = A Sensitivity = ma 35 = 35 ma Voltage 7 = 7 V Package FP = TO-22FPAB T = TO-22AB Doc ID 5237 Rev 3 9/3
Package information 4 Package information Epoxy meets UL94, V Recommended torque:.4 to.6 N m In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. Table 6. TO-22AB dimensions Ref. Millimeters Dimensions Inches Min. Max. Min. Max. A 4.4 4.6.73.8 H2 Dia L5 C A L7 C.23.32.48.5 D 2.4 2.72.94.7 E.49.7.9.27 F.6.88.24.34 L2 F2 L6 F.4.7.44.66 F2.4.7.44.66 G 4.95 5.5.94.22 F L9 D G 2.4 2.7.94.6 F L4 H2.4.393.49 L2 6.4 typ..645 typ. G G M E L4 3 4.5.55 L5 2.65 2.95.4.6 L6 5.25 5.75.6.62 L7 6.2 6.6.244.259 L9 3.5 3.93.37.54 M 2.6 typ..2 typ. Diam. 3.75 3.85.47.5 /3 Doc ID 5237 Rev 3
Package information Table 7. TO-22FPAB dimensions Dimensions Ref. Millimeters Inches Min. Max. Min. Max. A 4.4 4.6.73.8 H A B B 2.5 2.7.98.6 D 2.5 2.75.98.8 E.45.7.8.27 Dia F.75.3.39 L6 F.5.5.45.59 L2 L7 F2.5.5.45.59 L3 G 4.95 5.2.95.25 L4 F F2 L5 D G 2.4 2.7.94.6 H.4.393.49 L2 6 Typ..63 Typ. G F E L3 28.6 3.6.26.25 L4 9.8.6.386.47 G L5 2.9 3.6.4.42 L6 5.9 6.4.626.646 L7 9. 9.3.354.366 Diam. 3. 3.2.8.26 Doc ID 5237 Rev 3 /3
Ordering information 5 Ordering information Table 8. Ordering information Order code Marking Package Weight Base qty Packing mode -7T TO-22AB 2.3 g 5 Tube 7-7FP TO-22FPAB 2.3 g 5 Tube 35-7T TO-22AB 2.3 g 5 Tube 357 35-7FP TO-22FPAB 2.3 g 5 Tube 6 Revision history Table 9. Document revision history Date Revision Changes 2-Dec-28 First issue 3-Apr-29 2 -Jul-2 3 Updated order code in Table 3. Updated ECOPACK statement. Reformatted for consistency with other datasheets in this product class. 2/3 Doc ID 5237 Rev 3
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