To study and understand Natural Science we have to do some work in the laboratory. To carry this out we need to use a range of lab material. In this presentation we will see the essential materials and how to use them. Press on the name of the elements you want to see. 1 Instruments for taking different measurements 3 Material for holding liquids and solutions Calliper Tape measure Erlenmeyer flask Beaker Double decimetre ruler Weighing scale Volumetric flask Flasks 2 Instruments for measuring volumes 4 Material used for several purposes Graduated cylinder Pipette Burette Test tubes, watch glass, crucible, burette clamps, etc. See everything
Instruments for taking different measures Calliper The calliper is an instrument used for measuring length, interior and exterior diameters, depths and thickness. It consists of a ruler over which another one, called a nonius, glides. It allows us to measure lengths with a sensitivity of up to 0.05 mm. In the pictures you can see how a length of measurement is taken, one of an interior diameter and the other of the depth of a relief. 13.45 mm 4.70 mm 6.90 mm
Instruments for taking different measures Tape measure This is generally graded and it is used to measure lengths of some metres.
Instruments for taking different measures Double decimetre ruler It is graded in millimetres and it is used for measuring lengths of a few centimetres.
Instruments for taking different measures Weighing scales This is used to measure the mass of a body. It has a sensitivity of up to one centigram only.
Instruments for measuring volumes Graduated cylinder This is a cylindrical container which is usually graded in cm 3 or in ml. This instrument is not very precise. It can be made of glass or of plastic and there are different models with different capacities, from 25 ml up to 5 L.
Instruments for measuring volumes Pipette This is a graded glass tube which is used for measuring liquids with a high degree of precision. It uses a piston-driven air displacement device to suck up the liquid whose volume we want to measure.
Instruments for measuring volumes Burette This is a glass tube graded in cm 3 which allows us to measure the volume of the liquid that has been poured into another recipient/container.
Material for holding liquids and solutions Erlenmeyer flask This is a glass container with a conic shape, flat bottom and narrow neck. It is used as a container where different chemical reactions take place or for mixing liquids.
Material for holding liquids and solutions Volumetric flask This is a glass container with a flat bottom and a long narrow neck which has a single ring marking where the solution should reach. It is used for making up solutions to a known volume of an exact concentration.
Material for holding liquids and solutions Beaker This is a glass container which can be found in different sizes. It is used for holding solutions or for carrying out some chemical reactions.
Material for holding liquids and solutions Flasks These containers are used to hold liquids. They have a plastic lid with a built-in rubber stopper, which sometimes is made of glass. Thanks to this they close hermetically, which allows us to keep gases for some time (although generally it is a short time).
Test tubes These containers are glass tubes which are used to carry out simple reactions. They are kept in a rack.
Watch glass These are generally made of glass. They are used to weigh small quantities of a solid.
Crucible This container is used for heating up substances to high temperatures.
Burette clamp This instrument is used to fasten several objects, such as different types of flasks.
Boss head type clamp This instrument is used for holding several types of object, mainly glass flasks which are to be heated.
Wire gauze This is attached with a metallic ring and it is used for securing flasks with a round bottom which hold a liquid we need to heat. The gauze is placed over the tripod.
Metallic ring This is used together with the gauze and we need it for securing different glass materials containing liquid that has to be heated.
Spatula This is used for taking small quantities of solids from one container or place to another.
Mortar and pestle This is used for crushing solids into very small particles.
Pipette filler This is used by attaching it to a pipette when we need to suck in liquids.
Pipette pump This is another mechanism that is attached to a pipette and used to suck in liquids.
Funnel This is made of glass or plastic. It is used in the filtering process or for pouring liquids from one container into another.
Laboratory wash bottles These are used for holding distilled water which we may use in some processes.
Universal support Different types of clamps are placed on top of it. These clamps are used for securing laboratory materials.
Separatory funnel This is an oval shaped container which has a stopper at the top and a stopcock at the bottom. The stopcock can be opened and closed as desired. This instrument is used to separate the components of a mixture between immiscible liquids. Finish