Micostip Patch Antenna Design Calculato 1 Mosin I Memon and Pof. Anuag Paliwal M.Tech. E. & C. 1, Depatment of Electonics & Communication, Geentajali Institute of Technical Studies, Udaipu, Rajasthan, India Abstact This pape povides details on how to investigate a new method of teaching micostip patch antenna design made by Metamateials using MATLAB. This is achieved by designing a fiendly gaphical use inteface (GUI) fo micostip patch antennas though which antenna paametes and adiation patten can be detemined. Effect of changes in basic paamete micostip Patch Antenna on its Radiation Patte and othe paametes can be detemined by using GUI. Undestanding the behaviou of the Micostip Patch Antenna and Design of it fo diffeent metamateial with the use of the Gaphical Use Inteface using MATLAB is bette way of Analysis. 1. Intoduction In the ecent yeas the development in communication systems equies the development of low cost, minimal weight, low pofile antennas that ae capable of maintaining high pefomance ove a wide spectum of fequencies. The futue development of the pesonal communication devices will aim to povide image, speech and data communications at any time, and anywhee aound the wold. This indicates that the futue communication teminal antennas must meet the equiements of multi-band o wideband opeations to sufficiently cove the possible opeating bands. The pefomance of the fabicated antenna was measued and com-paed with simulation esults [1]. Moeove, we have also indicated the appopiate choice of paticula metamateial fo diffeent specific puposes like antenna size eduction and othe mode modification-elated applications []. The pefomance of a ectangula patch antenna aay on a metamateial substate was studied elative to a simila aay constucted on a conventional FR4 substate [3]. In moden wieless communication systems, the micostip patch antennas ae commonly used in the wieless devices. Thee-foe, the miniatuization of the antenna has become an impotant issue in educing the volume of entie communication system [4]. Studying antennas and wave popagation phenomena using inteactive gaphics and animations becomes nowadays a fundamental tool fo descibing and undestanding electomagnetic concepts. This aspect is stongly elated with wave popagation, whee the popagation popeties of the waves o how to plot the adiation pattens of antennas ae not so easy to undestand fo undegaduate students, due to simple, static, oal explanations. Cuently, seveal poducts in which compute tools ae used have been developed such as Ansoft Ensemble, IE3D, MWO (Micowave Office), SONNET, ADS (Agilent Advance Design System), COMSOL, MATLAB,HFSS (High Fequency Stuctue Simulation) etc fo modeling and simulation of complicated micowave and RF pinted cicuit, antennas, and othe electonics component. Many of these softwaes ae commecially available at a vey high cost o in the least, ae popietay. Studying antennas and wave popagation phenomena using inteactive gaphics and animations becomes nowadays a fundamental tool fo descibing and undestanding electomagnetic concepts. This aspect is stongly elated with wave popagation, whee the popagation popeties of the waves o how to plot the adiation pattens of antennas ae not so easy to undestand fo undegaduate students, due to simple, static, oal explanations. Cuently, seveal poducts in which compute tools ae used have been developed such as Ansoft Ensemble, IE3D, MWO (Micowave Office), SONNET, ADS (Agilent Advance Design System), COMSOL, MATLAB,HFSS (High Fequency Stuctue Simulation) etc fo modeling and simulation of complicated micowave and RF pinted cicuit, antennas, and othe electonics component. Many of these softwaes ae commecially available at a vey high cost o in the least, ae popietay.. Design of Micostip Antenna with Metamateial Supestate Micostip antenna with squae patch (5.6mm 5.6mm) on the Roge RT/duoid substate 3080
with pemittivity. and with 40 mm 46 mm dimensions and height 1.575mm is used in the simulation pocess. The Squae patch feed by 50 Ω coaxial pobe is positioned 1.5mm off-cente. The opeation fequency of antenna is 15.3 GHz. Metamateial supestate places above the patch of antenna fo concentating of adiation enegy nomal to itself. Adjustment of fist supestate laye is the most impotant stage in antenna design and it is about one thid of opeation wavelength (λ/3) above gound plane which cause to gain incease. The second laye, impove beam shaping and bandwidth. The distance of second laye fom fist laye is between λ/3 to λ/. Figue 1a shows configuation of micostip antenna with S coupled metamateial supestate. The fist laye is about 9.5mm above the gound plane and the optimized distance of second laye is 11.60mm. Also Configuation of Antenna with Double split ing metamateial supestate has been shown in Fig. 1b. The fist laye is about 9.5mm above the gound plane and the optimized distance of second laye is 10 mm. Figue1. Configuation of antenna with metamateial supestate (a) S coupled stuctue (b) Double split ing stuctue. 3. Analytical Fomulation of the Antenna Basic Design Equations of Rectangula Micostip Patch Antenna ae as unde. Effective Dielectic Constant can be given by: Two slots epesentation of Micostip Patch Antenna is as shown in Figue. Figue. Top view and side view of Rectangula Micostip Patch Antenna As shown in Figue slots ae sepaated by distance L, when, the width of the stuctue has a maximum voltage and minimum cuent, then, it acts as an open ended cicuit. It is seen fom Figue, if we conside diection of the field opponents at edges then, they ae opposite diections and thus out of phase, hence they cancel each othe. If the tangential components ae in phase then the esulting fields combine to give maximum adiated field nomal to the suface of the stuctue. The finging fields can behave like as adiating slots and electically the patch of the Micostip antenna. The Extended length of patch L, is given empiically by [3] as: L w eff 0.3 0.64 h 0.41 h w eff 0.58 0.8 h () The actual length L of the patch is given as 0 L L (3) The Effective Length of the Patch Leff now Becomes L L L eff 1 / 1 / 1 1 h / w 1/ eff Whee, ε eff = Effective dielectic Constant ε = Dielectic Costant of the Substate h = Height of the Dielectic Substate w = Width of the Patch Fo the Given esonant fequency f0, the effective length is given as L eff f c (5) eff Fo the effective adiation width of the patch W is given as 3081
W f c 1 (6) To detemine the fields adiated by each slot, the total field is the sum of the two-element aay with each element epesenting one of the slots. As mention in title of pape this GUI includes the Help option fo the use, by which use can get the basic infomation elated to the Micostip Antenna like, What is Antenna?, What is Micostip Patch Antenna?, What is Advantages of Micostip Patch Antenna?, What is Disadvantages of Micostip patch Antenna?, What is Metamateials? 5. Results Fo the micostip antenna, the x-y plane (θ=90, 0 90 and 70 360 ) is the pincipal E-plane. Fo this plane, the expessions fo the adiated fields is given by E kh sin cos 0 jk0 t k0hwv0e kl 0 eff j cos sin kh 0 cos (7) The pincipal H-plane of the micostip antenna is the x-z plane (Ø = 0, 0 θ 180 ), and the expessions fo the adiated fields is given by k0h k0w jk sin sin sin cos 0 t k0hwe0e E j sin k0h k0w sin cos The gain of the antenna is the quantity which descibes the pefomance of the antenna o the capability to concentate enegy though a diection to give bette pictue of the adiation pefomance. it is given as G D Whee, η = efficiency of the antenna, D = Diectivity 4. Antenna GUI Design using MATLAB In this pape utilization of the design equation of ectangula patch antenna and cicula patch antenna is done fo the pepaation of the Gaphical Use Inteface in MATLAB.GUI fo the Rectangula patch antenna is as shown below. In GUI esonant fequency (F), Input Impedance, Dielectic Thickness, Dielectic Constant ae taken as a input paamete. As shown in Figue 3, antenna paametes ae calculated using this GUI as well as the adiation patten fo given input is plotted on GUI. Table 1. Compaing the Diffeent Feed Techniques Input Paamete Resonant Fequency (MHz) Input Impedance (Ohm) Dielectic thickness (h) Mm Dielectic Constant (Ε ) Output Paamete Length Of Micostip Width Of Micostip Effective Length Width Of Feed Line Inset Feed Point Y 0 Patch Mateial Silicon RT/Duoid GaAs Indium.1.1.1.1 50 50 50 50 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 11.8. 1.9 1.4 Rectangula Patch Mateial Silicon RT/Duoid GaAs Indium 0.76 48.11 19.85 0.5 8.3 56.46 7.09 7.59.07 4.81 1.98.0 0.0005 0.0031 0.000 5 0.005 3.06 3.868 3.0 3.04 308
Radiation Powe 5.43 1.58 7.08 6.3 Diectivity (DB) 5.8 5.76 5.96 5.9 Chaacteistics Impedance (Ohm) 59.7 91.73 57.43 58.5 VSWR 0.843 0.54 0.87 0.85 6. Discussion with Futue Scope Fom the Equation of the Rectangula Micostip patch Antenna manual calculation of all paamete is complex. By the use of the GUI this can be easy to calculate it. The Effect of the Changes in input paamete on adiation patten can be easily analyzed by the use of GUI. As mentioned in esults by changes in the mateial of the patch physical paamete of the Micostip Patch is changes, this will be help designe to detemine the antenna pefomance and make necessay adjustment befoe fabication. As the same way all the paamete of cicula micostip patch antenna can be possible to analyze. 7. Conclusion This wok was aimed at designing a effective GUI fo Rectangula Micostip Patch Antenna. Alongside this, vaious popeties of Metamateials & paametes of antenna viz actual and effective length, width, adiation powe, diectivity, VSWR, which dictate the ultimate pefomance of the antenna wee detemined by simulation using a GUI developed in MATLAB. 8. Refeences [1] Huiliang Xu, Zeyu Zhao, Yueguang Lv, Chunlei Du and Xiangang Luo, Metamateial supestate and electomagnetic band-gap substate fo high diective antenna, Int J Infaed Milli Waves, 9:493 498, 008. [] Ch. Caloz and T. Itoh, Electomagnetic Metamateials: Tansmission Line Theoy and Micowave applications, Wiley, 006. [3] R.L. Haupt, Using MATLAB to conteol Commecial Computational Electomagnetics Softwae, Aces Jounal, Vol 3, 008. [4] D.M.Poza, D.H.Schaubet, Micostip Antenna, the Analysis and design of Micostip Antennas and Aays, IEEE pess, New Yok,USA, 1995. [5] C.A.Balanis 198 Antenaa Theoy: Analysis and Design John Wiley & Sons. 819-873. [6] K.O.Odeyemi,D.O. Akande and E.. O. Ogunti MATLAB Based Teaching Tools fo Micostip Patch Antenna design, JOT-Vollume 7, 011. [7] E.H. Van Lin, A.R.Van de Capelle Tansmission Line Model fo Mutual Coupling between Micostip Antennas, IEEE Tans. Antennas Popagation Vol. AP- 3-8,pp. 816-81. [8] D. T K Bandoupadhya, D Anubhuti khae, Rajesh Nema, Puan Gou, New Multiband Micostip Patch Antenna On Rt Duoid 5870 Substate fo Pevasive Wieless Communication (X & Ku Band), IJETSE, Volume, No.., 010. [9] G.Sing, Design Consideation fo ectangula micostip patch antenna on electomagnetic cystal substate at teahetz fequency Infaed Physics & Technology, Volume 53, Issue 1,pp. 17-, 010. [10] T.Duga Pasad, K.V.SatyaKuma, MD Khwaja Muinuddin, Chisti B.Kanthamma,V.Santoshkuma 011.Compaison of Cicula and Rectangula Micostip Patch Antennas IJCA,Vol 0,Issue 04. [11] Alka Vema,Neelam Sivastava, Analysis and Design of Rectangula Micostip Antenna in X-band, MIT IJECE,Vol-01, 011. [1] Muli Manoha, S K Behea, P K Sahu, Design of Single Feed Dual Polaized and Dual Fequency Rectangula Patch Antenna,5th ICMAPRS-Jodhpu, 009. [13] L. M. Si, X. Lv, CPW-FED Multi Band Omni Diectional Plana Micostip Antenna using Composite Metamateial Resonatos fo Wieless Communication,Pogess in Electomegnetic Reseach, PIER 83, pp. 133-146, 008. [14] S. Maci, G. Biffi Gentili, G., Avitabile Single-Laye Dual- Fequency Patch Antenna, Electonics Lettes 9, 1993. [15] X.F Liu et a, Design of a Low Pofile Modified U Slot Micostip Antenna Using PSO Based On IE3D Poc. Of Micowave and Optical Technology -Lettes, Vol.49,No.5, pp.1111-1114, 008. [16] Y.j.Wang, W.J.Koh, J.H.Tan, P.T.Teo, P.C.Yeo, A Compact and BoadbandMicostip Patch Antenna, IEEE, 001. [17] Xin Mi Yang, Quan Hui Sun, Ya Jing, Qiang Cheng, Xiao Yang Zhou, Hong Wei Kong, and Tie Jun Cui, Inceasing the Bandwidth ofmicostip PatchAntenna by Loading Compact Aticial Magneto-Dielectics, IEEE Tansactions on Antennas and Popagation, vol. 59, no., 011. [18] Tuan Q. Tan*, and Satish K. Shama ; Pefomance of Single Laye Multimode Micostip Patch Antenna With Reconfiguable Radiation Pattens, IEEE, 009. [19] Matthew J. Inman,Atef Z. Elshebeni MATLAB Gaphical Inteface fo GPU Based FDTD Method 008, Asia-Pacific Sympsoium on Electomagnetic Compatibility, Singapoe, 008. [0] Indasen Singh, D. V.S.Tipathi, Micostip Patch Antenna and its Applications : Suvey IJCTA pp.1595-1599, 011. [1] B. J. Kwaha, O. N. Inyang, P. Amalu, The Cicula Micostip Patch Antennav design and Implementation, IJRRAS-8-1, pp.86-95, 011. 3083
Figue 3. GUI font end fo ectangula patch antenna (Input f =.1 Ghz, Input Impedance 50 Ω, Dielectic Thickness 1.5 mm, Dielectic Constant 9.8) 3084