2 nd ETSI TC ITS Workshop 10-12 February 2010 - ETSI, Sophia Antipolis, France Standardization and research activities on cooperative systems in Japan Takeshi Yamamoto NEC Corporation t-yamamoto@bu.jp.nec.com Chair, Vehicle Communication Systems International WG, ITS Info-Communications Forum, Japan
Contents Background Feasibility tests Challenges Approach for international harmonization 2
Contents Background Feasibility tests Challenges Approach for international harmonization 3
Framework for ITS cooperative systems realization New IT Reform Strategy The world s safest road traffic environment [Targets] Reduce the number of traffic fatalities and serious injuries by deploying Cooperative Safe Driving Support Systems. Contribution for deployment Cooperation J-Safety Committee, ITS Japan ITS Promotion Council Harmonization between Private-Public Sectors Exchange Opinion Proposal Harmonization between Private-Public Sectors Ministries and Agency, Organizations, Academia 4
Effects of Safe Driving Support Systems 80% of traffic accidents occur at intersections or locations with poor visibility. 70% of traffic accidents are caused by failure to recognize a hazard in time. [ Types of traffic accidents] [ Types of human error] Rear-end collisions Other 9% 32% Collisions with pedestrians 14% 26% Collisions with cross traffic at intersections Right-turn or left-turn collisions Errors in operation Errors in judgment 70% Failure to recognize a hazard in time Safe driving support systems utilize radio systems to effectively supply information on hazards that may not be visible to the driver. 5
90~108MHz (1~3ch) Spectrum Use After Digital Dividend Current Spectrum Allocation 170~222MHz (4~12ch) 470~770MHz (13~62ch) Analog TV Analog TV Analog and Digital TV Future Spectrum Allocation After digitization Digital TV(13~52ch) 90 108 170 222 710 770 90~108MHz 90 170~222MHz New Spectrum Use Spectrum Allocation Plan (December, 2007) 108170 205 222 10MHz 710~770MHz 715 725 730 770 Gardband (-5MHz) Self-owned communications (to preserve security and safety) Broadcasting (multi-media mobile broadcasting etc.) ITS Telecommunications (cellular phones etc.) Available from July, 2012 6 6
Contents Background Feasibility tests Challenges Approach for international harmonization 7
Feasibility tests FY2008(-March, 2009) Evaluation on propagation characteristics and packet delivery performance in some of V2V use cases Feasibility evaluation on some of V2V use cases FY2009(-March, 2010; under testing and evaluation ) Evaluation on propagation characteristics and packet delivery performance in various environments Evaluation on V2V and V2I integration Evaluation on Inter-system interference FY2010 Further evaluation on other technical challenges 8
Feasibility test guideline for Safe Driving Support Systems in 700MHz Band ITS FORUM RC-006 Radio frequency: 720MHz (Single channel) Type of transmission: Broadcast MAC: CSMA/CA Modulation: BPSK OFDM/QPSK OFDM/16QAM OFDM Number of subcarriers: 52 Maximum transmission power: 10mW/MHz Occupied bandwidth: Less than 9MHz 9
MIC MLIT joint tests (FY2008) Purpose: 1. Finding out the feasibility of V2V application 2. Evaluation and verification of transmission performance Date: in October and November, 2008 Place: 1. Test truck at JARI (Japan Automobile Research Institute) 2. Public road at Odaiba (Tokyo bay area) Content: 1. Transmission tests among 30 vehicles in simulated accident models 2. Transmission tests between 2 vehicles on the public road based on accident-prevention scenario 10
Wide view of simulated intersection and street 11
The corner 受信電力 [db m ] RSSI [dbm] Transmission around the blind corner -20-30 -40-50 -60-70 -80-90 Requirement 79.7m :ANT1 :ANT2-100 -100 0 100 200 300 400 Distance from 交差点角からの距離 the corner [m ] [m] [m] RX 2 当車 TX 1 当車 Packet 積算パケット到達率 Delivery Ratio [%] [%] 100 90 80 70 PDR > 95% 60 50 40 PDR Evaluation Span 30 : 評価区間 : 5m 5m 20 : 評価区間 : 10m 10m 10 : 評価区間 : 15m 15m 0-100 0 100 200 300 400-7.3m -10.4m 0m Distance 交差点角からの距離 from the corner [m] ] 26.3m 16.5m 11.5m +8.9m +25.4m +47m +114m +228m +340m Rx Verified to meet the requirement: PDR > 95% at 79.7m from the center of the corner -57m 5m 12.9m 23m 32.9m Tx +13.4m +35.4m +57m +171m +285m 12
N to N Heavy air traffic tests Congestion in radio channel was emulated using 30 vehicles. パケット到達率 [%] 積算 -57m 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0-100 0 100 200 300 400-7.3m -10.4m 0m 距離 [m ] 26.3m 16.5m 11.5m : 累積なし : 評価区間 5m : 評価区間 10m : 評価区間 15m 5m 12.9m 23m 32.9m PDR > 95% +8.9m +25.4m +47m +114m +228m +340m Rx +13.4m +35.4m +57m +171m +285m Tx パケット到達率 [%] 積算 -57m 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 : 累積なし : 評価区間 5m : 評価区間 10m : 評価区間 15m PDR > 95% 0-100 0 100 200 300 400-7.3m -10.4m 0m 距離 [m ] 26.3m 16.5m 11.5m 5m 12.9m 23m 32.9m +8.9m +25.4m +47m +114m +228m +340m Rx +13.4m +35.4m +57m +171m +285m Tx パケット到達率 [%] 積算 -57m 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 : 累積なし : 評価区間 5m : 評価区間 10m : 評価区間 15m PDR > 95% 0-100 0 100 200 300 400-7.3m -10.4m 0m 距離 [m ] 26.3m 16.5m 11.5m 5m 12.9m 23m 32.9m +8.9m +25.4m +47m +114m +228m +340m Rx +13.4m +35.4m +57m +171m +285m Tx 30 to 30 N to N(b):Interferer 101vehiclesN to N(a):Interferer 203vehicles Hidden node Hidden nodes 50vehicles 67vehicles At the blind corner PDR>95% while the RX vehicle in 5m evaluation range, on the condition up to 101 Interfere vehicles and 50 hidden nodes PDR>95% while the RX vehicle in 10m evaluation range, on the condition up to 203 Interfere vehicles and 67 hidden nodes 13
RSSI 受信電力 [dbm] ] Packet 積算パケット到達率 Delivery Ratio [%] [%] -20-30 -40-50 -60-70 -80-90 Right turn scenario on public road Requirement 113.2m :ANT1 :ANT2-100 -50 0 50 100 150 200 距離 [m ] Distance from the intersection [m] 100 90 80 PDR > 95% 70 60 50 40 PDR Evaluation Span 30 : 評価区間 : 5m 5m 20 : 評価区間 : 10m 10m 10 : 評価区間 : 15m 15m 0-50 0 50 100 150 200 Distance from 交差点内右折停止線からの距離 the intersection [m ] [m] [m] -50m 0m Tx RX +189.6m Verified to meet the requirement: PDR > 95% at 113.2m from the center of the intersection Public road (Odaiba) Rx TX 14
Contents Background Feasibility tests Challenges Approach for international harmonization 15
Technical Challenges Integration of V2V and V2I communications in a 10MHz channel Inter-system interference Shadowing and Hidden node problem Accuracy of position information Information security Standardization and International harmonization 16
Next Steps/Actions Under studies in ITS Radio System Committee, Telecommunications Council V2V and V2I integration Inter-system interference Studies to be done Shadowing and Hidden node problem Accuracy of position information Information security Standardization in ARIB and international harmonization 17
Contents Background Feasibility tests Challenges Approach for international harmonization 18
Standardization in Japan Feasibility test guideline; RC-006 has been developed in ITS Info-Communications Forum. ARIB standard development will be started soon, based on RC-006 and feedback from feasibility tests. Activities toward international harmonization should be started now! Letter of Intent between ETSI and ARIB for cooperation in the area of ITS, will be a trigger for harmonization. 19
Proposal for international harmonization For future harmonized standards, it will be beneficial to share the information on ITS cooperative systems, obtained in each region. In ITU-R, development of a new technical report has been proposed; a report on advanced ITS radiocommunications. The initial working document is based on contribution from Japan, and open for further input from other members. Call for contributions! 20
Summary Feasibility tests on ITS cooperative systems have been actively conducted in Japan. ARIB standard development will be started soon, based on test guideline; RC-006 and feedback from the feasibility tests. Activities toward international harmonization should be started. As a harmonization activity, cooperation in development of a report on advanced ITS radiocommunications has been proposed. 21