International Journal of Advanced Engineering Reearch and Science (IJAERS) Vol3, Iue, Jan 06] ISSN: 3496495 Automatic Load Frequency Control of Multi Area ower Sytem uing Fuzzy Logic Amit anwar, rof. Sunita Chahar Abtract Thi paper provide of uing of computing technology for controller application in power ytem. I controller i motly ued in indutrial application to control the different parameter in power ytem. Conventional I controller are not efficient for multi area power ytem becaue of high peak over hoot and ettling time. The main focu of of thi work i on the controller to obtained good output frequency repone.the output repone of propoed Fuzzy controller how better performance and found reaonably good compare to conventional controller. Keyword Conventional controller, ropoed Fuzzy controller, Tieline, frequency, Load, Load frequency control(lfc). I. INTRODUCTION ower ytem frequency i one of the mot important factor of power quality, whoe tability i related to afety and efficiency of uer' power equipment a well a generation and upply electric equipment. The ucceful operation of interconnected power ytem require the matching of total active power with total load demand. Automatic generation control (AGC), whoe main goal are to maintain zero teady tate error for frequency deviation and to enure tieline exchange power on chedule in a multiarea deregulated power ytem, i a very ignificant iue in power ytem operation and control for upplying ufficient and reliable electric power with good quality. Due to the influence of multiarea interconnect and power market, power ytem become more and more large cale and complex. Thu, conventional control trategy, fixed I control, couldn't meet the demand of power ytem in new environment becaue of unatifactory dynamic repone uch a long adjut time, large overhoot, poor handling of ytem nonlinearitie. Many invetigation about new control policie on the bai of I control have been reported pertaining to AGC ytem in the pat.[] A proportionalintegral (I) controller i ued to regulate the frequency of each area, the input ignal of the I controller i ACE, whoe parameter tuning are elected depending on the control area characteritic. I controller meet mot of the 90% of indutrial need. The popularity of I M.Tech (ower Sytem), Student, UCE, Kota, Rajathan, India Department of EE, UCE, Kota, Rajathan, India controller i due to their functional implicity and reliability becaue they provide robut and reliable performance for mot ytem. Many control cheme uch a the conventional proportionalintegral (I) controller, the proportionalintegralderivation (I) controller and optimal control have been propoed to achieve improved performance.[] With the aid of FL, different alternative, intelligent I controller have been recently propoed. Fuzzy logic controller (FLC) i credited with being a uitable method for deigning robut controller that are able to provide a deirable efficiency while facing uncertain parameter. The mot important problem related to the FLC i that they cannot completely be ued for the linguitic and numerical uncertaintie in variable environmental condition a they apply accurate fuzzy et. Fuzzy et apply the uncertaintie related to the FLC input and output by employing precie and crip memberhip function. Since fuzzy memberhip function are completely accurate, all uncertaintie are eliminated when the fuzzy memberhip function are elected. The linguitic and numerical uncertaintie in variable environmental condition make problem in the exact conequent of memberhip function over the deign procedure. Recently, FL ha been extenively utilized for identification, modeling and control of nonlinear dynamic ytem. Several combination of control approache are propoed to improve the performance of fuzzy I or ID controller.[3] www.ijaer.com age 5 II. WHY FREQUENCY CONTROL IS NECESSARY. The three phae A.C. Motor running peed are directly proportional to the frequency. So the variation of ytem frequency will directly affect the motor performance.. For ynchronou operation of variou unit in the power ytem network, it i neceary to maintain frequency contant..3 The blade of the team turbine and the water turbine are deigned to operate at a particular peed
International Journal of Advanced Engineering Reearch and Science (IJAERS) Vol3, Iue, Jan 06] ISSN: 3496495 and the frequency variation will caue change in the peed. Thi will lead to exceive vibration and caue damage to the turbine blade. III. TWO AREA OWER SYSTEMS Two area & are inter connected through a tie line. ower which i flowing out of the area i taken a ve power and the power flowing inide the area i taken a ve power. Here, tie i howing the change in tie line power in MW. Then loe in tie line are vary vary mall o we can neglect it. For the two area ytem the tie line power tie mut be equal to the negative of tie, if both are in MW. ( tie repreent the tie line power in p.u. MW of the area capacity r ). =, Where, r and r are the r tie tie r rated power of the area and when they are multiplied by the Area Where, a tie we get the actual power. tie tie = r tie tie r = a tie tie = r r Area tie = π T Fd t F d t π T tie ( ) = F ( ) F ( ) [ ] ( ) C ( ) C R R G GTI G GT G ( ) tie G D D a ( ) tie K T πt K T F ( ) F ( ) Fig. : Block diagram of two area power ytem. F, frequency deviation of area [Hz]. F, Frequency deviation of area [Hz pu]. T p and T p, Time contant of gen and gen repectively. R and R, Speed Regulation of area and area repectively. K p and K p, Gain contant of gen and gen repectively. D and D, Change in load demand of area and area repectively. C and C, Change in peed changer poition of area and area repectively. T, Gain of power ytem. IV. CONTROLLERS There are different type of controller proportional integral, derivative, combinational of thee controller and fuzzy controller. 4. I controller. The integral control conit of frequency enor and an integrator. The frequency enor meaure the frequency error and thi Area Control Error(ACE) i fed into the integrator. The integrator produce a real power command ignal and i given by, where = Integral gain contant 4. Fuzzy controller The Fuzzy logic control conit of three main tage, namely ethe fuzzification interface, the inference rule engine and the ddefuzzification interface. For Load Frequency Control the pproce operator i aumed to repond to variable error (e) aand change of error (ce).[4] www.ijaer.com age 5
International Journal of Advanced Engineering Reearch and Science (IJAERS) Vol3, Iue, Jan 06] ISSN: 3496495 Fig.: Block diagram of a fuzzy logic controller. The variable error i equal to the real power ytem frequency deviation ( f). The frequency deviation i the difference between the nominal or cheduled power ytem frequency ( ) and the real power ytem frequency (f).taking the caling gain into account, the global function of the FLC output ignal can be written a. c = F[nc e(k), nce ce(k)] Where, ne and nce are the error and the change of error caling gain, repectively, and F i a fuzzy nonlinear function. FLC i dependent to it input caling gain.the block diagram of FLC i hown in Figure. Output control gain i nu and z i the maximum memberhip degree. Fig.4: Frequency deviation of area and area with tep load. V. SIMULATION AND RESULT 5. Simulation of two area with pi controller. When tep load change take place in both area then an integral controller i added to each area of the uncontrolled plant in forward path. The teady tate error in the frequency become zero. The tak of load frequency controller i to generate a control ignal u that maintain ytem frequency and tieline interchange power at predetermined value. Fig.4: Deviation tie line power with I controller. 5. Simulation of two area with propoed Fuzzy controller.. Fig.5:Simulink two area with propoed fuzzy controller. Fig.3: Simulink of two area with pi controller. www.ijaer.com age 53
International Journal of Advanced Engineering Reearch and Science (IJAERS) Vol3, Iue, Jan 06] ISSN: 3496495 Fig.6:.Frequency deviation in area and area. Fig.7: Deviation in tie line power with propoed fuzzy controller. Table. Comparion of dynamic performance of controller Controller Output parameter eak over hoot Settling time (ec) I controller ropoed fuzzy controller F.59 40 F.57 39 tieline 0.05 70 F 0.3 4 F 0.3 3.9 tieline.5х0 4 3.5 VI. CONCLUSION In thi paper, the propoed fuzzy controller i ued to olve the load frequency control problem of two area power ytem. Simulation reult (Table) how that the propoed fuzzy controller in damping of frequency deviation and alo tieline power deviation of power ytem ha better performance than the I controller. REFERENCES [] Guolian Hou, Lina Qin, Xinyan Zheng,Jianhua Zhang, Deign of SOBaed Fuzzy Gain Scheduling I Controller for FourArea Interconnected AGC Sytem after Deregulation Advanced Mechatronic Sytem, Zhengzhou, China, Augut 3, 0. [] Nour EL Yakine Kouba, Mohamed Menaa, Mourad Hani and Mohamed Boudour, Senior Member, IEEE, Load Frequency Control in MultiArea ower Sytem Baed on Fuzzy LogicID Controller. [3] Mohammad Haan Khooban, Taher Niknam, A new intelligent online fuzzy tuning approach for multiarea load frequency control: Self Adaptive Modified Bat Algorithm [4] Surya rakah, Sunil Kumar Sinha, Ajay Shekhar andey and Brijeh Singh, Impact of lider gain on load frequency control Uing fuzzy logic controller [5] Atul Ikhe, Anant Kulkarni, load frequency control for two area power ytem uing different controller vol.6,iue4,pp.79680. [6] Sateeh kumar Vavilal, R S Sriniva, Machavarapu uman, Load frequency control of two area interconnected power ytem uing conventional and intelligent controllr" Vol.4, IueI(verion3), January 04,pp.5660. [7] IIhan Kocaarlan, Ertugrul Cam, Fuzzy logic controller in inter connected eletectrical power ytem for loadfrequency control. Electrical power and Energy ytem 7(005)54549. [8] Ehan Gholampour, Load frequency control baed optimized Type fuzzy controller.93c4. www.ijaer.com age 54
International Journal of Advanced Engineering Reearch and Science (IJAERS) Vol3, Iue, Jan 06] ISSN: 3496495 www.ijaer.com age 55