EE847 Topic 3 Power onerter Systems Grute ourse EE847 in Wu PhD, PEng Professor ELE Deprtment Ryerson Uniersity ontct nfo Office: ENG38 Tel: (46) 979-5 ext: 6484 Emil: bwu@ee.ryerson.c http://www.ee.ryerson.c/~bwu/ Ryerson mpus Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 EE847 Topic 3 Topic 3 Multi-pulse Dioe Rectifiers i i + i ~ N i i N δ N 3 ~ i~ b ~ δ 3 c ~ Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6
EE847 Topic 3 Multi-pulse Dioe Rectifiers Lecture Topics Six-pulse Dioe Rectifier (uiling lock) Series-type -, 8- n 4-pulse rectifiers Seprte-type -, n 8-pulse rectifiers Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 3 EE847 Topic 3 Multi-pulse Dioe Rectifiers Why Use Multipulse Dioe Rectifiers? To reuce line current THD; To improe input power fctor; n To oi semiconuctor eices in series. Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 4
EE847 Topic 3 Resistie Lo Six-pulse Dioe Rectifier i D D3 D5 b b i b R c c i c Supply Voltges: b c b V V V PH PH PH sin( ) sin( / 3) sin( 4 /3) V sin( ω t + / 6) b LL D4 D6 D Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 5 EE847 Topic 3 Six-pulse Dioe Rectifier Weforms b c b c bc b c cb b o i 6 V o D, D 6 D, D ON ON re / / 6 VLL sin + t / 3 / 3 ( / 6) ( ω ) 3 V. 35 LL V LL Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 6 3
EE847 Topic 3 pcitie Lo Six-pulse Dioe Rectifier i D D 3 D5 b b i b R c c i c D 4 D6 D () (b) ssumption: V constnt Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 7 EE847 Topic 3 Six-pulse Dioe Rectifier Weforms b c bc b c cb b c i i b i c D,D 6 ON, D D ON Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 8 4
EE847 Topic 3 Six-pulse Dioe Rectifier Discontinuous urrent Opertion b c / 3 / 3 ω t p θ θ θ 3 θ 4 θ 5 ω t θ sin θ θ V V LL Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 9 EE847 Topic 3 Six-pulse Dioe Rectifier Discontinuous urrent Opertion i D D3 D5 b c b c i b i c Differentil Eqution: Solution: D4 D6 D i i t / 3 / 3 θ θ θ 3 θ 4 Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 p θ 5 Ls b V θ < θ3 ( V ) ( ω t) θ ( θ ) ( ω ) ω V sin θ LL t L s ω L s ( V ( cosθ θ ) + V ( θ θ )) LL cos ω t ω t 5
EE847 Topic 3 Six-pulse Dioe Rectifier Discontinuous urrent Opertion b c Pek c current: / 3 p erge c current: Voltge thet reltion: / 3 θ θ θ 3 θ 4 Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 θ 5 ω t ω t ( V ( cosθ θ ) + V ( θ θ )) p LL cos ω Ls θ3 i ( θ ) ( θ ) θ / 3 V cosθ cosθ 3 V θ θ LL 3 EE847 Topic 3 Six-pulse Dioe Rectifier ontinuous urrent Opertion i i i b i c i D D3 D5 p b i b ib ic θ c γ i c i c D4 D6 D On-stte Dioe D, D D D D 3 D, D 3 p Note: - With the increse of the lo current, the rectifier will enter into continuous current opertion. - During commuttion interl, three ioes re on. Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 6
EE847 Topic 3 Six-pulse Dioe Rectifier Definition of Totl Hrmonic Distortion (THD) Phse oltge (pure sine): V sinω t Line current (istorte): i n,,3,... n ( sin ( ω t) φ ) n n RMS line current: / n n,,3,... ( ) ( ) i ω t / Line current THD: THD Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 3 EE847 Topic 3 Six-pulse Dioe Rectifier Definition of Power Fctor (PF) Per-phse erge (rel) power: P Per-phse pprent power: S V P Totl power fctor (PF): PF S Distortion fctor (DF) : DF / ( ω t) V cosφ V cosφ cosφ DF DPF V Displcement power fctor (DPF) : DPF cosφ DPF PF f (THD) : PF + THD Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 4 7
EE847 Topic 3 Per Unit System Six-pulse Dioe Rectifier Rte power, rte lint-to-line oltge: S, V R R VR se oltge n frequency: V n ω f 3 S se current n impence: R V n Z. 3V Z se inuctnce n cpcitnce: L n ω ω Z Exmple Rectifier rtings: 46V, 6Hz, MV. se current 77.6, se inuctnce.9mh. Line inuctnce.9mh.pu Line current 38.8.5pu Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 5 EE847 Topic 3 Six-pulse Dioe Rectifier Typicl Weforms / Hrmonic ontent i i i i 3 4 Hrmonics n n / (%).pu n / (%) pu 5 7 3 7 9 3 5 THD (%) 63.4 38.7 8.99 8.64 4. 3.6.48. 75.7 3.4 8.79 6.3 3.4.3.89.4.3 3.7 Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 6 8
EE847 Topic 3 THD n PF Six-pulse Dioe Rectifier THD(%). PF 8 :.5 :. :.5.9 6 4.6..4.6.8 (pu)..4.6.8 (pu) () THD (b) PF.8.7 :.5 :. :.5 Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 7 EE847 Topic 3 -pulse Series-type Dioe Rectifier Rectifier Topology i i + i ~ N i i N δ N 3 ~ i~ Series type: Two six-pulse rectifiers re in series t the output. δ 3 b ~ c ~ Phse shifting trnsformer: δ V ~ V 3 ~ b Seconry line-to-line oltge: V V ~ V / N Turns rtio: N n N N 3. 3 b ~ Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 b 8 9
EE847 Topic 3 -pulse Series-type Dioe Rectifier Simplifie lock Digrm i i + i ~ L i s N N b i δ N 3 c ~ b ~ i~ δ 3 c ~ () -pulse ioe rectifier i i + i~ i i δ i~ δ 3 (b) Simplifie igrm Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 9 EE847 Topic 3 -pulse Series-type Dioe Rectifier Weforms n FFT i ( pu) i i i / i~ i + i~ i ( pu) 3 4 n /.8.6.4. ~ / n ~.8.6.4. n /.8.6.4. No 5 th or 7 th hrmonics in the line current. Primry line current THD: 8.38% n n n n 5 7 n 5 7 () (b) 3 7 9 3 7 9 3 THD 4.% n / n / THD 4.% ~ n / ~ n ~ / ~ THD 8.38% 5 5 75 f (Hz) (c) Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6
EE847 Topic 3 -pulse Series-type Dioe Rectifier THD n PF 5 THD(%). PF :. :.5 :. (.5).98 5.96.94 :. :.5 :. (.5) 5.9..4.6.8 (pu)..4.6.8 (pu) () THD (b) PF omprison with six-pulse rectifier: THD is reuce; n PF is improe. Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 EE847 Topic 3 8-pulse Series-type Dioe Rectifier onerter Topology i + + ~ Z δ i i i~ δ Z δ Phse-Shifting (Zigzg) Trnsformer i Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6
EE847 Topic 3 8-pulse Series-type Dioe Rectifier Simulte Weforms i ~ i~ / 3 i + i + i~ 3 4 No 5 th, 7 th, th, or 3 th hrmonics in the line current. Lowest hrmonic: 7 th Line current THD: 3.6% Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 3 EE847 Topic 3 8-pulse Series-type Dioe Rectifier Mesure Weforms i i~ i i pu/i, 5ms/i / 5pu/i, Hz/i Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 4
EE847 Topic 3 8-pulse Series-type Dioe Rectifier THD n PF THD(%). PF 8 6 :. :.5 :. (.5).98.96 4.94 :. :.5 :. (.5).9..4.6.8 (pu)..4.6.8 (pu) () THD (b) PF omprison with -pulse: mproe THD Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 5 EE847 Topic 3 4-pulse Series-type Dioe Rectifier onerter Topology i + + i ) + ~ Z δ 5 i i~ i δ Z δ 5 i i ) δ 3 Phse-Shifting (Zigzg) Trnsformer Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 6 3
EE847 Topic 3 4-pulse Series-type Dioe Rectifier Typicl Weforms.6 (pu).3 -.3 i ~ i ~ / 4 3 THD 4.% -.6.6.3 i ) () THD 4.% -.3 -.6.5.75 -.75 (b) i + i ~ + + i ) THD.49% -.5 3 4 (c) Lowest line current hrmonic: 3 th THD:.49% Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 7 EE847 Topic 3 4-pulse Series-type Dioe Rectifier THD n PF 8 THD(%). PF 6 4 :. :.5 :. (.5).98.96.94 :. :.5 :. (.5).9..4.6.8 (pu)..4.6.8 (pu) () THD (b) PF Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 8 4
EE847 Topic 3 -pulse Seprte-type Dioe Rectifier Rectifier Topology i i + i ~ lk i δ L i L O D δ 3 i~ i ~ V ~ L O D Seprte Type Ech six-pulse rectifier fees seprte c lo. Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 9 EE847 Topic 3 -pulse Seprte-type Dioe Rectifier ppliction Exmple δ δ δ δ 3 δ 3 δ 3 Phse Shifting Trnsformer M Multileel sce H-brige nerter Fe Drie Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 3 5
EE847 Topic 3 -pulse Seprte-type Dioe Rectifier Typicl Weforms i i~ i 3 i i / i~ i + i ~ omprison with series-type: - D current ripple: higher - Line current THD: close n / 3 4 ~ n / ~ n / n / Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 3 EE847 Topic 3 -pulse Seprte-type Dioe Rectifier Mesure Weforms i i~ i pu/i, 5ms/i /pu/i, Hz/i Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 3 6
EE847 Topic 3 -pulse Seprte-type Dioe Rectifier Line urrent THD n nput PF THD(%) 5 : :.5pu :.pu..98 PF ontinuous urrent Moe (.5pu ) 5 5..4.6.8 (pu).96.94 : :.5pu :.pu ( L.9 lk.5pu )..4.6.8 (pu) Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 33 EE847 Topic 3 8-pulse Seprte-type Dioe Rectifier Rectifier Topology i + + ~ i Z δ δ i i~ i ~ V ~ L O D L O D Z δ i L O D Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 34 7
EE847 Topic 3 8-pulse Seprte-type Dioe Rectifier Simulte Weforms i i ~ ~ / 3 i + i + i ~ 3 4 Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 35 EE847 Topic 3 8-pulse Seprte-type Dioe Rectifier Line urrent THD n nput PF Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 36 8
EE847 Topic 3 4-pulse Seprte-type Dioe Rectifier Line urrent THD n nput PF Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 37 EE847 Topic 3 Textbook: in Wu, High-Power onerters n Dries, Wiley - EEE Press, 6 38 9