Introduction to sketching Wooden Box Name Set Madras College, St Andrews 16 1
This drawing unit aims to teach you the skills you need to make a range of sketches of craft models like the small wooden box and other models you will make during the course. During this unit you will be shown and given the chance to practice the following sketching techniques: Sketching straight lines; Sketching two Dimensional (2D) objects using straight lines; Sketching whole and part circles; Sketching Isometric objects; Rendering an object to make it look more realistic; Sketching in two point perspective. 2 15
Two point perspective This is another way to draw 3D objects. It is particularly good for large objects because it allows you to show the areas becoming smaller the further away they are. Drawing straight lines freehand It s a skill and you need to practice it. On an A3 sheet draw grids of 5 by 5 lines as shown below, you should try to make the grids different sizes and at different angles. You should cover the whole sheet with grids. Now make a two point perspective sketch of the box and render it Hold the pencil around a third of the way from the point to the end; Keep your wrist stiff and move from the elbow; Slide your hand along the paper; ALWAYS turn the paper so that you are drawing a horizontal line from left to right. Extension draw an Ipod in two point perspective. 14 3
Sketching lines of a certain length and direction. Render the box using tones and wood grain texture. On the other side of your A3 sheet draw 3 sets of 9 dots. Make them different distances apart. Next join the dots together to create triangles. Finally fill each triangle using a different pattern of straight lines. 4 13
Rendering using tones Copy the isometric shape shown and render it using light medium and darker tones. The light source is shown. Remember the surface closest to the light source will be the lightest and the one furthest away the darkest. Sketching 2D objects Sketch the chest of drawers shown below try to keep your sketch in the same proportion as this one. Make a 2D sketch of 3 of the following objects: 1. I pod; 2. fridge; 3. washing machine; 4. microwave; 5. mobile phone. 12 5
Drawing circles This method starts with a square and then uses construction lines to turn it into a circle. Remember that that the circle is the part you want to see clearly so the square and the construction lines should be drawn very lightly. Using tone to make your isometric drawing look more realistic Tone is a shade of a colour. By using 3 different tones we can make the 3 surfaces of an isometric drawing look more real. Practice tones using a soft pencil and creating the block shown below. How to construct a circle: draw a square the size you want your circle to be; then draw lines from corner to corner; put a light dot in the centre of each side of the square; next put a light dot on each diagonal a quarter of the way from the corner to the middle of the cross; finally join the dots using a smooth curve, 1 2 3 Try to produce a light medium and darker tone in the 3 boxes. How to construct a part circle: this is done by drawing half of the construction for a half circle or a quarter of the construction for a quarter circle; 6 11
Make an isometric sketch of 3 of the following objects: 1. I pod; 2. fridge; 3. washing machine; 4. microwave; 5. mobile phone. Sketch three each of the following, make them different sizes and make the part circles face different ways. Do not forget the construction buy make it light. Your teacher may advise you to use the isometric grid at the back of this booklet. Now make an isometric sketch of the box Sketch a 2D view of the front t of the duke box shown above. You can Simplify it or add parts to it to make it 10 7
Texture to make objects look real. Sketching 3D objects The box is made of pine which has a surface texture due to the grain of the wood. The grain looks different depending on whether it is on the face or the end of the piece of wood. lid As real objects are 3 dimensional ( they have length, height and breadth) if we can produce this 3D effect on paper we can make our objects look much more realistic. There a number of ways that you can produce 3 D effects on a flat piece of paper. The one we will use is called isometric sketching. front back 10cm 5 cm 30 end Copy and colour the end of the box to make it look as real as possible. Look at some boxes and think about the : different types of grain; knots ( what are they? ); colour. To draw a cube shaped box, start with the two steps shown above. The size does not matter. The important thing is that the height is half the length. Now complete the box by keeping the lines parallel to each other. They will all be either vertical or 30. 8 9