GREAT OUTDOORS B. ACHIEVEMENT DAY REQUIREMENTS Knot Display 40 Tree Disk 30 Special Project Marks EXHIBITION REQUIREMENT

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1 WELCOME Welcome to the Great Outdoors B Project! Please read through this guide carefully, as it contains information and suggestions that are important for your project. 4-H leaders can obtain a Leader Project Guide and other resources from the PEI 4-H Office. Hopefully you, as a member, will Learn to do by Doing through hands-on activities that will encourage learning and enjoyment. If you have any questions, contact your District 4-H Officer or your 4-H project leader. GREAT OUTDOORS B 4-H YEAR COMPLETION You complete a project by: completing the project Achievement Day requirements completing a communication project completing a community project completing an agriculture awareness project taking part in Achievement Day ACHIEVEMENT DAY REQUIREMENTS Knot Display 40 Tree Disk 30 Special Project Marks EXHIBITION REQUIREMENT Knot Display (Five Knots) To display your knots, mount them on a piece of plywood or similar material no larger than 2 x 2 You must complete all of the listed aspects in order to show at Fairs and Exhibitions. Special Project Ideas Great Outdoors members are expected to complete a special project. This can be done individually or as a group. Members are required to write a one page report on their observations from one of the following activities: Tree Planting Fishing Demonstration Woodlot Woodsmen Competition Hiking Snowshoeing Orienteering Camping Canoeing Cross Country Skiing MacPhail Woods Ecological Forestry Project May 2013 Ages for 4-H members as of January 1st of the 4-H year: Junior: 9-11 years Intermediate: years Senior: years Check out the PEI 4-H Web Site

2 HELPFUL RESOURCES! A variety of books and videos A Day in the Forest - Island Forests (7 minutes) Forestry in Action (14 minutes) 4-H Foresters (3 minutes) are available at the PEI 4-H Office which can be borrowed for a two week loan period. To book these, call or drop by the PEI 4-H Office at 40 Enman Crescent, Charlottetown. "We do not inherit the earth from our ancestors, we borrow it from our children." Haida Indian BE A GOOD SPORT! In the spirit of learn to do by doing, all those involved in 4 -H are encouraged to practice good sportsmanship, use common sense at all 4-H activities and the work in any 4 -H project should be the member s own work. PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND WILDLIFE If you are very watchful and quiet in the woods there are many Island mammals and bird that you may see. Some of these include: Red Squirrel Snowshoe Hare Muskrat Red Fox Skunk Goshawk Ruffed Grouse Blue Jay Robin Eastern Chipmunk Beaver Mink Raccoon Coyote Great Horned Owl Pheasant Great Blue Heron Black Capped Chickadee Chlorophyll: The green colored substance found in the leaves of trees and other plants which is needed to produce food by photosynthesis. Photosynthesis: The process by which the leaves of trees and other plants make food from CO² and water through the help of sun light and chlorophyll. Producers: Trees and other green plants which produce food through the process of photosynthesis. Natural Resource: A naturally occurring product which is beneficial to man, such as our forests. Conservation: The wise use of our natural resources. KNOT DISPLAY (Achievement Day and Exhibition Requirement) Knowing knots is important when learning to live in the great outdoors. Have you ever tied a sleeping bag in a roll and found it gradually got looser as you traveled? Or have you ever tied a rope to a tree and when you tried to untie it, found it so tight that you had to cut the rope to get it loose? If these things happen to you, its time you learn how to tie some good knots correctly. A good knot must be easy to tie easy to untie hold securely until it is untied or the rope breaks There are five basic knots which are very useful in camps and on the trail. Learn these knots and you will be able to tie almost anything that needs to be tied. You can learn to tie these knots by studying the following diagrams, but it would be easier if you received help from your leader or parent or some other person who know knots. To display your knots for Achievement Day and Exhibition mount them on a piece of plywood or similar material no larger than 2 x 2 label each knot and title your display

3 TREE DISK (Achievement Day Requirement) With the help of your leader or parents, obtain a softwood tree disk (spruce or fir are best) from a sawmill, or cut one from somebody s firewood pile. The disk should be approximately 30 cm in diameter and between 2 and 4 cm in thickness. Keep the disk stored in a cool, shaded spot at all times to prevent it from drying out and splitting. Sand the surface of one side and then varnish both sides of the disk (this not only makes it look nice for displaying, it also helps to hold the moisture in the wood to prevent splitting). If your disk does split however, don t worry, you can still display it! Once varnished, use one-half of the sanded side for labeling as many of the following as you can: heartwood, sapwood, cambium, inner bark, outer bark, annual ring, the tree s age, and the type of tree it is. A good labeling technique is shown below. You can use paper labels glued to the surface and then draw the lines in with a grease pencil, crayon or colored pencil. Be careful and be neat! Finally, on the back of the disk, write your name, club and age. Outer Bark - Protects the tree from injury. It keeps the tree from drying out. Inner Bark - contains a system of pipelines. (phloem) that carries food made in the leaves to all parts of the tree. Cambium - between the sapwood and the inner bark of the trunk is a very thin layer called the cambium. Although it is very thin, it is the most important, because it is the growth center for the trunk. Each year it adds a new layer of sapwood and inner bark making the trunk, branches and roots grow larger around. This growth produces the annual ring. Heartwood - Once sapwood, now inactive. Gives the tree trunk its strength and its upright form. Called heartwood because it is in the heart of the tree. Sapwood - Contains a system of Pipelines that carries water and minerals absorbed by the roots up to the branches and leaves. The part of the sapwood that acts as the pipeline forwarder is called xylem.

4 Square Knot A simple knot that everyone should know is the square knot. It can be used to join the ends of two ropes together if they are nearly the same size. If your shoe lace breaks, you would use this knot as an emergency repair. It is also very useful in tying first-aid bandages. Sheet Bend Knot If you have ropes of different sizes that you wish to joint together, try the sheet bend. It is made the same as a square knot, but take the end of the smaller rope and cross it under the other piece of the smaller rope at B, and then up and over the thicker rope at C. Half-Hitch The half-hitch is a quick method for securing a boat line or tent line to a post, mooring ring, or tree. These knots are commonly used in pairs. Clove-Hitch The Clove-hitch is used in situations where a half-hitch could be used. All lashings begin with a clove-hitch. Bowline The bowline is often used by sailors for rescue work because it forms a fixed loop which will not slip under tension. It is made in two steps first a small loop is made as illustrated, then A is brought under B at C, brought on top of B at D and again under at E. If you need a loop at the end of your rope that will not change size or draw tight, you need a bowline. It is the best knot to use to tie a rope around an animal s neck.

5 PROJECT ENROLLMENT DIRECTORY From time to time throughout the 4-H year, you may wish to contact your leader(s) or another project member for one reason or another. Just fill in the information below, and you will have a handy Project Member Project Leader Directory! MEMBERS NAME PHONE NUMBER LEADERS NAME PHONE NUMBER

6 PROJECT MEETINGS DIARY Most projects will require at least six to eight project meetings to complete the project. Meeting Date Location Time At this meeting, we...

7 COMMUNITY PROJECT Each year you are encouraged to provide a service to your community as a 4-H member. This introduces you to the responsibilities of citizenship. You must participate in your club s plan for a community project and you should have a role to play. Describe your involvement with your club community project this year. Our Community Project was I helped by It was beneficial because I learned AGRICULTURE AWARENESS PROJECT Agriculture is one of PEI s main industries. You are expected to participate with your club to complete a project (or provide a service) which helps your club or others become aware of the importance of agriculture in our lives. As in the community project, you should actively participate. Our Agricultural Awareness Project was I helped by It was beneficial because I learned