DESIGN OF POWER GENERATION SYSTEM BASED ON BUOYANCY AND GRAVITY AMIRUDDIN BIN MOHD TAJUDIN. A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the

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1 DESIGN OF POWER GENERATION SYSTEM BASED ON BUOYANCY AND GRAVITY AMIRUDDIN BIN MOHD TAJUDIN A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Engineering (Chemical) Faculty of Chemical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia JANUARY 2015

2 v ABSTRACT As the community focuses on producing clean and green technology from renewable energy sources, the study on utilizing free energy which occurs as a natural phenomenon such as gravitational and buoyancy energy is still very limited. The challenge is how to tap and optimize the use of these two natural occurrences for power generation. Hence, the purpose of this study is to design a lab scale power generation system which utilizes buoyancy and gravity. The proposed design consists of buoyancy part which is filled with liquid and gravity part which allow the object to experience free fall. In creating continuous cycle of motion, the moving part is designed in order to have great momentum during the free fall and also able to float in the buoyancy part. The moving part is contacted with a dynamo during the free fall that allows it to convert the kinetic energy to electrical energy via electromagnetic induction. Some testing and analysis were made on the design to improve the amount of power that can be generated and to ensure the system is functioning well. The final system designed in this work manages to produces some electricity but faces problems in maintaining the continuous cycle and getting significant amount of electrical power. As the study is at the beginning stage and due to the limited time, some recommendations are made in order to produce more efficient system in the future work.

3 vi ABSTRAK Walaupun masyarakat memberi tumpuan kepada penghasilan teknologi hijau dan bersih daripada sumber tenaga yang boleh diperbaharui, namun kajian terhadap penggunaan tenaga bebas yang terhasil daripada fenomena semula jadi seperti tenaga apungan dan graviti masih sangat terhad. Cabarannya adalah bagaimana untuk memanfaat dan mengoptimumkan penggunaan kedua-dua kejadian semula jadi tersebut untuk penjanaan kuasa. Oleh yang demikian, tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mereka bentuk suatu sistem penjanaan kuasa berskala makmal yang dijana oleh tenaga apungan dan graviti. Reka bentuk yang dicadangkan terdiri daripada bahagian apungan yang dipenuhi dengan cecair dan bahagian graviti yang membenarkan objek untuk mengalami gerakan jatuh bebas. Bagi mewujudkan kitaran gerakan berterusan, beberapa bahagian bergerak direka bagi mempunyai momentum yang besar semasa jatuh bebas dan juga dapat terapung di bahagian apungan.. Bahagian bergerak yang bertembung dengan dinamo semasa jatuh bebas membolehkan ia untuk menukarkan tenaga kinetik kepada tenaga elektrik melalui induksi elektromagnetik. Beberapa ujian dan analisis telah dibuat pada reka bentuk yang dicadangkan bagi meningkatkan jumlah tenaga yang boleh dihasilkan dan untuk memastikan sistem tersebut berfungsi dengan baik. Sistem reka bentuk akhir dalam kajian ini berjaya menghasilkan tenaga elektrik tetapi menghadapi masalah dalam mengekalkan kitaran berterusan dan penghasilan tenaga elektrik yang sedikit. Namun, oleh disebabkan kajian ini hanya di peringkat permulaan dan didorong oleh masa yang terhad, beberapa cadangan dibuat bertujuan untuk menghasilkan sistem yang lebih efisien untuk kajian pada masa hadapan.

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