BOUNDARY -LAYER METEOROLOGY 25TH ANNIVERSARY VOLUME,

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1 BOUNDARY -LAYER METEOROLOGY 25TH ANNIVERSARY VOLUME, Invited Reviews and Selected Contributions to Recognise Ted Munn' s Contribution as Editor over the Past 25 Years Edited by J.R. GARRATT CSIRO, Division of Atmospheric Research, Melbourne, Australia and P.A. TAYLOR Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, York University, Toronto, Canaoo Reprinted from Bound lry-layer Meteorology Volume 78 Nos. 1-4, 1996 SPRlNGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.Y.

2 A C.l.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / Printed on acid-free paper All Rights Reserved 1996 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1996 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.

3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Editorial P. TAYLOR, M. THOMAS, E. TRUHLAR and D. WHELPDALE / R.E. (Ted) Munn - Founding Editor; A Mini-Biography J. R. GARRATT, G. D. HESS, W. L. PHYSICK and P. BOUGEAULT / The Atmospheric Boundary Layer - Advances in Knowledge and Application A. P. VAN ULDEN and J. WIERINGA / Atmospheric Boundary Layer Research at Cabauw J. C. WYNGAARD and L. J. PELTIER / Experimental Micrometeorology in an Era of Turbulence Simulation L. MAHRT / The Bulk Aerodynamic Formulation over Heterogeneous Surfaces S. D. SMITH, K. B. KATSAROS, W. A. OOST and P. G. MESTAYER / The Impact of the Hexos Programme X. -M. CAI and D. G. STEYN / The Von Karman Constant Determined by Large Eddy Simulation A. BECKER, H. KRAUS and C. M. EWENZ / Frontal Substructures Within the Planetary Boundary Layer J. D. WILSON and B. L. SA WFORD / Review of Lagrangian Stochastic Models for Trajectories in the Turbulent Atmosphere Book Review R. Geiger, R. H. Aron and P. Todhunter, The Climate Near the Ground (R.E. MUNN) ULF HaGSTROM / Review of Some Basic Characteristics of the Atmosph eric Surface Layer STUART D. SMITH, CHRISTOPHER W. FAIRALL, GERALD L. GEERNAERT and LUTZ HASSE / Air-Sea Fluxes: 25 Years of Progress JOHN L. WALMSLEY and PETER A. TAYLOR / Boundary-Layer Flow over Topography: Impacts of the Askervein Study J.M. WILCZAK, E.E. GOSSARD, W.D. NEFF and W.L. EBERHARD / Ground-Based Remote Sensing of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer: 25 Years of Progress M.R. RAUPACH, J,J. FINNIGAN and Y. BRUNET / Coherent Eddies and Turbulence in Vegetation Canopies: The Mixing-Layer Analogy

4 OLEG V. PERESTENKO and LEV KH. INGEL I On an Instability Mechanism in a Stably Stratified Atmospheric Layer over a Moistened Surface THOMAS K. FLESCH I The Footprint for Flux Measurements, from Backward Lagrangian Stochastic Models SVEN-ERIK GRYNING and EKATERINA BATCHVAROVA I A Model for the Height of the Internal Boundary Layer over an Area with an Irregular Coastline Author Index 415 Subject Index 417

5 EDITORIAL Boundary-Layer Meteorology (the journal not the subject!) started in This Anniversary Volume, in two double issues, is to celebrate the first twenty-five years of publication under Ted Munn's editorship, as a "Festschrift" in Ted's honour, and to mark the occasion of his retirement as Editor-in-Chief. As the new Co-Editors, we have much to thank Ted for. Under his founding editorship the journal has developed a well-established international reputation, a steady supply of good quality submissions and an active and knowledgeable editorial board. We hope we can follow his lead, although as the careful editorial reader will note we are not always following his (or Francois Frenkiel's) advice (Boundary-Layer Meteorology 50, ix-x) on publication in our own journal. In our defence we should point out that where one of us appears as an author on an article - as in the present volume - then the other deals with the review in exactly the same way as for other submissions. We try to be no less, and no more, critical of each other's work than we are of papers in general. It is only 6 years since the appearance of the Volume 50 anniversary issue and many of the review papers published therein are still fresh. For this reason we have not sought to provide a comprehensive set of review articles but have solicited or selected a mix of review and research articles, a number of which also try to look ahead to the challenges of the next quarter century. With all of these papers, many of the authors will be well-known to BLM readers, and quite a few are closely associated with the journal editorial team itself. The papers, we believe, cover a wide spectrum of interests; for example, field experiments (Askervein, HEXOS, Cabauw) and their impacts; numerical modelling (large-eddy simulation of the surface layer, frontal structures); analyses and critical discussions of old favourites (the von Karman constant, bulk aerodynamic formulation; vegetation canopies); and reviews, or previews (ABL progress, micrometeorology and turbulence simulation, Lagrangian descriptions, remote sensing). And finally, we all have a golden opportunity of seeing Ted Munn's editorship in the context of his broader career activities - there is a short, but we hope informative, biography of him starting on the next page. JOHN GARRAIT AND PETER TAYLOR Boundary-Layer Meteorology 78: 1, 1996.