English literature can be divided into 3 periods corresponding to the development of English language:

Transcription

1 Otázka: English literature Jazyk: Angličtina Přidal(a): bara English literature can be divided into 3 periods corresponding to the development of English language: 1) the first is called: Anglo-Saxon literature = Old English literature 2) the second is called: Middle-English literature 3) the third: Modern English literature - OLD ENGLISH LITERATURE - Germanic legend about Beowulf - from the 8th century - it s wrote in verse ( the oldest epic poem ) It s about the strong and courageous pagan hero Beowulf. The kind from the north killed the monsters. Anglo-Saxon Chronicle - it was inspired by King Alfred - comes from the 9th century The differentials between chronicle and legend: - in legend is something true and something fiction. - in chronicle is everything true, here is wrote what happened - MIDDLE-ENGLISH LITERATURE - page 1 / 10

2 - this time is from the 11th century to the 15th century Geoffrey Chaucer - he is called the father of English poetry - he was the first poet, who wrote in English language and inspirited other writers - the characters in his stories are real and represent - his works are full of humour Canterbury Tales - it s a portrait of 30 pilgrims who travel to Canterbury and each tell 4 stories - it s a picture of society in the 14th century - MODERN ENGLISH LITERATURE - - this is the period from the 16th century up today William Shakespeare - he married Anne Hathaway and she was 8 years older than William - he wrote 37 dramas, sonnets - his plays were first published in he died on the same day as he was born - he wrote in time of Golden Age of literature ( Queen Elisabeth and James I. gave theatre moral support ) - he wrote comedies: A Midsummer-Night s Dream tragedies: Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth, Hamlet, King Lear, Othello history plays: Henry VI., Julius Caesar, Antonius and Cleopatra page 2 / 10

3 - 17th CENTURY - BAROQUE - John Milton - the life of John Milton is connected with the Civil War in England at the time - it was age of Oliver Cromwell who closed the theatre - he was only knowledge writer - he was blind Paradise Lost - he dictated this work his daughters and it contains 12 books Paradise Regained - 18th CENTURY - - in this time was development of society and economy, journalism, novels and drama and England became sea power ( Francis Drake ) - literature became popular among the middle class and the novels were with adventure about voyages. Daniel Defoe Robinson Crusoe - Defoe heard this story in the pup and when he was 60 he wrote it - about sea power; ship from Britain has a accident and Robinson stays in a strange island Jonathan Swift Gulliver s Travels - satirical book: he criticized politics in England, armies, corruption - 4 parts: 1) the land of Lilliputians 2) the land of giants page 3 / 10

4 3) the flying island 4) there were intelligent horses and ugly looking peoples Henry Fielding Tom Jones, A Foundling - picture of society, each chapter has title - 19th CENTURY - - ROMANTICISM - the romantic period can be divided into two parts: 1) Lake poets - William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge they wrote lyrical ballads: The Rime of the Ancient Mariner 2) the second group is represented by poets: Percy Bysshe Shelley - Prometheus unbound John Keats - his wife Marry Shelley wrote Frankenstein George Gordon Byron - Child Harold s Pilgrimage, Manfred ( drama ) - DRAMA Sir Walter Scott - he represent historical novel - his books are very portly - now he isn t very popular, he is like Alois Jirásek Waverly, Rob Roy, Ivanhoe, Kenilworth - time of Elisabeth I. - TRANSITION FROM ROMANTICISM TO REALISM page 4 / 10

5 Brontë Sisters - their writing began when they started to invent the stories in the evenings Charlotte - Jane Eyre Emily - Wuthering Heights - it s roman about passion and hate Anne - REALISM Charles Dickens - he often used his own experience from his childhood - he describes truly the life of poor people in England in 19th cent. - he combines comic and serious situation Christmas Carol, Oliver Twist, Pickwick Papers, David Copperfield (autobiography) Thackeray - Vanity Fair Robert Louis Stevenson Treasure Island The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde - 1 person represents two people - Dr. Jekyll is a good side and Mr. Hyde is a bad side Oscar Wilde - he died in Paris, he represented English decadence and symbolism - bisexual, he wrote drama and comedies The Important of Being Earnest, An Ideal Husband page 5 / 10

6 - fairytales: Happy Prince, The Selfish Giant, The Nightingale - only one roman: The Picture of Dorian Gray - 20th CENTURY - - still realism Rudyard Kipling - he got a Nobel Price for literature Jungle books - 2 books; it s inspirited by the wildlife in India; with hero Mowglí If - it s a poem Sir Arthur Conan Doyle - he was a doctor - he is the creator of Sherlock Holmes - he is the greatest detective story writers of all times The Hound of Baskervilles Agata Christie - she wrote theatre plays: Mouse track Ten little Negers Herbert George Wells - he began with sci-fi in English literature - he had inspiration in books by Mary Shelley (Frankenstein) and J. Swift page 6 / 10

7 The Time Machine, The Island of Doctor Moreau, The Invisible Man The War of the Worlds George Bernard Shaw (G.B. Shaw) - is a world famous dramatist and he wrote social comedies Pygmalion - it became world known in musical version under the title My Fair Lady John Galsworthy - he got the Nobel Prize The Forsythe Saga - there he described the decay of the Victorian middle class - it is the picture of English society at the turn of the century George Orwell - his real name is Eric Blair - he had a lot of jobs there is predicted the future Animal Farm - it is about animals who occupied the farm and they wanted be coequal. But the pigs took priority over the animals. William Golding - he got a Nobel Prize The Spire, The Rites Passage page 7 / 10

8 The Lord of the Flies - the boys are left alone an island, but don t create a harmonious society. Before than they was rescued, they fight and kill and they forgot at the education, which they had in England. - W. Golding and George Orwell were warning writers. - EXPERIMENTAL PROSA - Ian Fleming - he is the author of James Bond The Casino Royal - his first roman, it is the first James Bond novel - other authors followed it and wrote many continuation Bond novels John Ronald Reuel Tolkien The Lord of the Rings - it is trilogy - 3 parts: The Fellowship of the Rings, The Two Towers, The Return of the King Colder Hobbit Wirgina Woolf Mrs. Dalloway - novel James Joyce Dubliner - collection of stories Ulsysses page 8 / 10

9 David Herbert Lawrence Lady Chatterley s Lover - roman about relationship between man and woman Joanne Kathleen Rowling Harry Potter - H. P. and the Philosopher s Stone - H. P. and the Chamber of Secrets - H. P. and the Prisoner of Azkaban - H. P. and the Goblet of Fire - H. P. and the Order of the Phoenix - H. P. and the Half-Blood Prince Harry is young wizard and Lord Voldemort want kill him. L. V. killed Harry s parents and he is very bad. Harry goes at the Hogwarts school and from this school he has dangerous and gripping adventures. - DRAMA Samuel Beckett - a Nobel Prize winner - Absurd Drama => type of theatre Waiting for Godot - nobody knows who Godot is - Estrogen and Vladimir wait and the lord and his slave travel and find Godot Harold Pinter page 9 / 10

10 Powered by TCPDF ( - still alive - he is include in absurd drama but he doesn t think it Homecoming John Osborne Look Back in Anger James Clavel King Rat Kingsley Amin - Lucky Jim Alan Sillitoe - King Rat Arthur Heily - The Airport, Wheels A.C. Clark - A spice Odyssea Více studijních materiálů na page 10 / 10