La Storia dei Messaggi Segreti fino alle Macchine Crittografiche
|
|
|
- Aron Boyd
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 La Storia dei Messaggi Segreti fino alle Macchine Crittografiche Wolfgang J. Irler
2 The Story from Secret Messages to Cryptographic Machines Wolfgang J. Irler
3 Problem Comunicate without being understood by others via voice, speech written text non-verbal, images commercial military simple rapid secure rare / strange language (Navajo codetalker) Cryptology Steganography telegram - cable radio comunication Internet , private net, cell-phone 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 3
4 Cryptology Secret Communication Cryptography Cryptanalysis 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 4
5 Cryptography protect communication from being read by the wrong people Codes and Ciphers that are used to protect communications are Cryptographic Systems the application of Codes and Ciphers to messages to make them unreadable is called Encryption of plaintext secret key + algorithm The resulting messages are called Cryptograms People who create and use cryptographic systems are called Cryptographers 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 5
6 Cipher systems encryption is carried out on single characters or groups of characters without regard to their meaning messages encrypted by a cipher system are enciphered plaintext cyphertext Alphabetical permutation / transposition / substitution Skytala Caesar-cipher Leon Battista Alberti Trithemius Vigenaire Polybius - ADFG(V)X 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 6
7 Codes - Codebooks concerned with meanings, words or phrases messages encrypted by a code system are encoded key = Codebook algorithm = search but: Morse code, binary code, Baudot code, TTY code, program code, punched-card code, etc. 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 7
8 Concealment Systems plaintext, but hidden (message on the hair-covered scalp) invisible ink, highlighted letters/words reduce a message photographically to a dot-sized piece of film transmit a message, compressed as a burst of noise modify insignificant color bytes in an unsuspicious image steganography 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 8
9 Security Key - Algorithm Security depends on the secrecy of the key, not the secrecy of the algorithm 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 9
10 Classical Cryptography Greece Archilochus (700BC) Polybios (200BC-120BC) Julius Caesar (101BC-44BC) Leon Battista Alberti ( ) Johannes Trithemius ( ) Blaise de Vigenère ( ) Giambattista della Porta ( ) Charles Wheatstone ( ) Lyon Playfair ( ) Fritz Nebel ( ) Skytale Polybios-Quadrat Caesar-Cypher disk Tabula recta ʺ with keyword monoalph. Subst. 5*5 table ADF(V)G 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 10
11 Monoalphabetic Systems Skytala Archilochus 700BC Sparta key = Ø of the rod Caesar (101BC-44BC) abcdefghiklmnopqrstux DEFGHIKLMNOPQRSTUXABC key=d(3) Leon Battista Alberti ( ) abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz NMLKJIHGFEDCBAZYXWVUTSRQPO key=n A 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 11
12 Polyalphabetic Systems: Trithemius - Vigenère Tabula recta advance alphabet every letter of the plaintext (no key) help HFNS 1234 advance alphabet in order of the key = BETA help IIEP Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 12
13 Giovan Battista della Porta ( ) LITERAE CLARIS key Substitute: on-top with below below with on top key = AB: help uryc Source: 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 13
14 Mixed Monoalphabetic Systems Keyword CRYPTOGRAPHIC CRYPTOGAHIBDEFJKLMNQSUVWXZ Keyword ARTILLERY Keyword CALIFORNIA order letters ADQZCBPYFHUIGTLESNMXOJVRKW Keyword TEXAS 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 14
15 Classic Cryptography Greece Archilochus (700BC) Polybios (200BC-120BC) Julius Caesar (101BC-44BC) Leon Battista Alberti ( ) Johannes Trithemius ( ) Blaise de Vigenère ( ) Giambattista della Porta ( ) Charles Wheatstone ( ) Lyon Playfair ( ) Fritz Nebel ( ) Skytale Polybios-Quadrat Caesar-Cypher disk Tabula recta ʺ with keyword monoalph. Subst. 5*5 table ADF(V)G 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 15
16 Digraphic Playfair Cipher 2 Rules: rectangular rule the shot heard round the world encipher right, decipher left and encipher below, decipher above key = DIGRAPH 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 16
17 Digraphic Substitution Matrix attack at dawn 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 17
18 Classic Cryptography Greece Archilochus (700BC) Polybios (200BC-120BC) Julius Caesar (101BC-44BC) Leon Battista Alberti ( ) Johannes Trithemius ( ) Blaise de Vigenère ( ) Giambattista della Porta ( ) Charles Wheatstone ( ) Lyon Playfair ( ) Fritz Nebel ( ) Skytale Polybios-Quadrat Caesar-Cypher disk Tabula recta ʺ with keyword monoalph. Subst. 5*5 table ADF(V)G 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 18
19 Polybios ADFG(V)X digraphs ADFGX ADFGVX help = DFAX FAFX help = FGAF GADG 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 19
20 Cryptanalysis concerned with solving the cryptographic systems read the text of encrypted messages (Cryptograms) cyphertext plaintext recover the Cryptographic Systems used (Codes or Ciphers) which system (=algorithm) which key recover the original message for its potential intelligence value for future messages in the same or similar systems 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 20
21 Monoalphabetic Cryptanalysis monoalphabetic ciphers preserve exactly the same letter frequencies as found in plaintext: E E count letters in ciphertext: H E same for mixed monoalphabetic 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 21
22 100%secure: One-Time-Pad long Vigenère key: (key-worm) letters from a book page telephone book printed letter/number list random numbers creation: human irrational number sequence wheels (periodic!) 25 computer (pseudo-random) 26 process (radioactive decay) physical entropic information (systematic bias) 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines
23 Quasi-One-Time-Pad machine-created bit-stream ciphers (Lorenz Schlüsselzusatz Siemens-Geheimschreiber) wheels with prime-number teeth key = seed setting ( Tunny ) encription: binary adding: plaintext+bit-sequence: decription: xor-ing the ciphertext cracked by COLOSSUS XOR Truth Table Input Output p q Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 23
24 Transmission Codes Morse Baudot Murray Source: 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 24
25 Punched Card Code E Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 25
26 Quiz: decode the card 12 E Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 26
27 From the disk to the rotor Alberti monoalphabetic disk Jefferson polyalphabetic roll Eduard H. Hebern (US) Hugo A. Koch (NL) Arthur Scherbius (DE) Arvid G. Damm (SE) Boris C.W. Hagelin (SE-US-CH: Crypto AG) 5 rotors connected by current rotors - lamps with reflector (UKW) lamps printer 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 27
28 Cryptographic Machines rotor-setting: pin-wheel-key (pseudo-random) printed tape code-card-key (pseudo-random) keyboard: (non reciprocal substitution) output lamps teletype printer (pseudo one-time-pad) M209 (USA) Hagelin-C38S Enigma (DE) Nema (CH) Fialka (SSSR) Lorenz Schlüsselzusatz Siemens T-52 (DE) 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 28
29 Bletchley-Park Cryptanalysis Enigma (25 models, 50 radio-networks) Polish Bombe Turing Bombe: crib ( word/phrase) menu+ brute-force attack (36 Enigma-simulators) daily key non reciprocal substitution Italian message: only LLLLLLL... NO L in message Lorenz-SZ-40 (Tunny) cracked by COLOSSUS 1700 valves (vacuum tubes) brute-force xor-ing plaintext + crib-papertape 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 29
30 thanks grazie danke Wolfgang J. Irler 7 Giugno 2014 (W.J.Irler) Incontro collezionisti internazionale - Parcines 30
B. Substitution Ciphers, continued. 3. Polyalphabetic: Use multiple maps from the plaintext alphabet to the ciphertext alphabet.
B. Substitution Ciphers, continued 3. Polyalphabetic: Use multiple maps from the plaintext alphabet to the ciphertext alphabet. Non-periodic case: Running key substitution ciphers use a known text (in
CPSC 467: Cryptography and Computer Security
CPSC 467: Cryptography and Computer Security Michael J. Fischer Lecture 5b September 11, 2013 CPSC 467, Lecture 5b 1/11 Stream ciphers CPSC 467, Lecture 5b 2/11 Manual stream ciphers Classical stream ciphers
Historical cryptography 2. CSCI 470: Web Science Keith Vertanen
Historical cryptography 2 CSCI 470: Web Science Keith Vertanen Overview Historical cryptography WWI Zimmerman telegram WWII Rise of the cipher machines Engima Allied encryption 2 WWI: Zimmermann Telegram
Cipher Machines From Antiquity to the Enigma Machine
Cipher Machines From Antiquity to the Enigma Machine Wayne Summers Department of Computer Science Columbus State University Columbus, Georgia, USA Abstract More and more people worldwide are using the
Cryptography. Module in Autumn Term 2016 University of Birmingham. Lecturers: Mark D. Ryan and David Galindo
Lecturers: Mark D. Ryan and David Galindo. Cryptography 2017. Slide: 1 Cryptography Module in Autumn Term 2016 University of Birmingham Lecturers: Mark D. Ryan and David Galindo Slides originally written
Lecture 1: Introduction
Lecture 1: Introduction Instructor: Omkant Pandey Spring 2018 (CSE390) Instructor: Omkant Pandey Lecture 1: Introduction Spring 2018 (CSE390) 1 / 13 Cryptography Most of us rely on cryptography everyday
Classical Cryptography
Classical Cryptography CS 6750 Lecture 1 September 10, 2009 Riccardo Pucella Goals of Classical Cryptography Alice wants to send message X to Bob Oscar is on the wire, listening to all communications Alice
FPGA Implementation of Secured Image STEGNOGRAPHY based on VIGENERE CIPHER and X BOX Mapping Techniques
FPGA Implementation of Secured Image STEGNOGRAPHY based on VIGENERE CIPHER and X BOX Mapping Techniques Aniketkulkarni Sheela.c DhirajDeshpande M.Tech, TOCE Asst.Prof, TOCE Asst.prof,BKIT aniketoxc@gmail.com
Codes and Nomenclators
Spring 2011 Chris Christensen Codes and Nomenclators In common usage, there is often no distinction made between codes and ciphers, but in cryptology there is an important distinction. Recall that a cipher
o Broken by using frequency analysis o XOR is a polyalphabetic cipher in binary
We spoke about defense challenges Crypto introduction o Secret, public algorithms o Symmetric, asymmetric crypto, one-way hashes Attacks on cryptography o Cyphertext-only, known, chosen, MITM, brute-force
Cryptography Made Easy. Stuart Reges Principal Lecturer University of Washington
Cryptography Made Easy Stuart Reges Principal Lecturer University of Washington Why Study Cryptography? Secrets are intrinsically interesting So much real-life drama: Mary Queen of Scots executed for treason
A STENO HIDING USING CAMOUFLAGE BASED VISUAL CRYPTOGRAPHY SCHEME
International Journal of Power Control Signal and Computation (IJPCSC) Vol. 2 No. 1 ISSN : 0976-268X A STENO HIDING USING CAMOUFLAGE BASED VISUAL CRYPTOGRAPHY SCHEME 1 P. Arunagiri, 2 B.Rajeswary, 3 S.Arunmozhi
Vernam Encypted Text in End of File Hiding Steganography Technique
Vernam Encypted Text in End of File Hiding Steganography Technique Wirda Fitriani 1, Robbi Rahim 2, Boni Oktaviana 3, Andysah Putera Utama Siahaan 4 1,4 Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Pembanguan
SECURITY OF CRYPTOGRAPHIC SYSTEMS. Requirements of Military Systems
SECURITY OF CRYPTOGRAPHIC SYSTEMS CHAPTER 2 Section I Requirements of Military Systems 2-1. Practical Requirements Military cryptographic systems must meet a number of practical considerations. a. b. An
Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences & Cryptography Vol. ( ), No., pp. 1 10
Dynamic extended DES Yi-Shiung Yeh 1, I-Te Chen 2, Ting-Yu Huang 1, Chan-Chi Wang 1, 1 Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chiao-Tung University 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road, HsinChu
Colored Image Ciphering with Key Image
EUROPEAN ACADEMIC RESEARCH Vol. IV, Issue 5/ August 2016 ISSN 2286-4822 www.euacademic.org Impact Factor: 3.4546 (UIF) DRJI Value: 5.9 (B+) Colored Image Ciphering with Key Image ZAINALABIDEEN ABDULLASAMD
Encryption Systems 4/14/18. We have seen earlier that Python supports the sorting of lists with the built- in.sort( ) method
Sorting Encryption Systems CSC121, Introduction to Computer Programming We have seen earlier that Python supports the sorting of lists with the built- in.sort( ) method >>> a = [ 5, 2, 3, 1, 4 ] >>> a.sort(
Introduction to Cryptography
Introduction to Cryptography Brian Veitch July 2, 2013 Contents 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Alice, Bob, and Eve........................... 3 1.2 Basic Terminology........................... 4 1.3 Brief History
CRYPTANALYSIS OF THE PERMUTATION CIPHER OVER COMPOSITION MAPPINGS OF BLOCK CIPHER
CRYPTANALYSIS OF THE PERMUTATION CIPHER OVER COMPOSITION MAPPINGS OF BLOCK CIPHER P.Sundarayya 1, M.M.Sandeep Kumar 2, M.G.Vara Prasad 3 1,2 Department of Mathematics, GITAM, University, (India) 3 Department
Grade 7 and 8 Math Circles March 19th/20th/21st. Cryptography
Faculty of Mathematics Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1 Centre for Education in Mathematics and Computing Grade 7 and 8 Math Circles March 19th/20th/21st Cryptography Introduction Before we begin, it s important
Chapter 3 LEAST SIGNIFICANT BIT STEGANOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE FOR HIDING COMPRESSED ENCRYPTED DATA USING VARIOUS FILE FORMATS
44 Chapter 3 LEAST SIGNIFICANT BIT STEGANOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE FOR HIDING COMPRESSED ENCRYPTED DATA USING VARIOUS FILE FORMATS 45 CHAPTER 3 Chapter 3: LEAST SIGNIFICANT BIT STEGANOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE FOR HIDING
1 Introduction to Cryptology
U R a Scientist (CWSF-ESPC 2017) Mathematics and Cryptology Patrick Maidorn and Michael Kozdron (Department of Mathematics & Statistics) 1 Introduction to Cryptology While the phrase making and breaking
Keywords: dynamic P-Box and S-box, modular calculations, prime numbers, key encryption, code breaking.
INTRODUCING DYNAMIC P-BOX AND S-BOX BASED ON MODULAR CALCULATION AND KEY ENCRYPTION FOR ADDING TO CURRENT CRYPTOGRAPHIC SYSTEMS AGAINST THE LINEAR AND DIFFERENTIAL CRYPTANALYSIS M. Zobeiri and B. Mazloom-Nezhad
PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS Vol. II - Information Theory and Communication - Tibor Nemetz INFORMATION THEORY AND COMMUNICATION
INFORMATION THEORY AND COMMUNICATION Tibor Nemetz Rényi Mathematical Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary Keywords: Shannon theory, alphabet, capacity, (transmission) channel, channel
Background Data: Naval Warfare, Battle of the Atlantic, Cryptography, and the Code Game. Battle of the Atlantic Allied Convoys vs.
Background Data: Naval Warfare, Battle of the Atlantic, Cryptography, and the Code Game Randy H. Katz CS Division, EECS Dept. University of California, Berkeley Spring 2013 Battle of the Atlantic Allied
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY A PATH FOR HORIZING YOUR INNOVATIVE WORK VISUAL CRYPTOGRAPHY FOR IMAGES MS. SHRADDHA SUBHASH GUPTA 1, DR. H. R. DESHMUKH
Network Security: Secret Key Cryptography
1 Network Security: Secret Key Cryptography Henning Schulzrinne Columbia University, New York schulzrinne@cs.columbia.edu Columbia University, Fall 2000 cfl1999-2000, Henning Schulzrinne Last modified
Encryption at the Speed of Light? Towards a cryptanalysis of an optical CDMA encryption scheme
Encryption at the Speed of Light? Towards a cryptanalysis of an optical CDMA encryption scheme Sharon Goldberg * Ron Menendez **, Paul R. Prucnal * *, ** Telcordia Technologies IPAM Workshop on Special
Code Breakers: Uncovering German Messages. by Rena Korb. Scott Foresman Reading Street 4.4.4
Suggested levels for Guided Reading, DRA, Lexile, and Reading Recovery are provided in the Pearson Scott Foresman Leveling Guide. Code Breakers: Uncovering German Messages by Rena Korb Genre Expository
Alan Turing: Codebreaker
1 CLOSE READING Alan Turing: Codebreaker Invisible ink, cipher wheels, and hidden messages these are the spy gadgets of the past. Modern spy devices include unmanned aircraft and other spy planes. But
Quasi group based crypto-system
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Master's Theses Graduate School 2007 Quasi group based crypto-system Maruti Venkat Kartik Satti Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical
Math 1111 Math Exam Study Guide
Math 1111 Math Exam Study Guide The math exam will cover the mathematical concepts and techniques we ve explored this semester. The exam will not involve any codebreaking, although some questions on the
Some Cryptanalysis of the Block Cipher BCMPQ
Some Cryptanalysis of the Block Cipher BCMPQ V. Dimitrova, M. Kostadinoski, Z. Trajcheska, M. Petkovska and D. Buhov Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje,
UNIT 19 Lesson Plan 1
UNIT 19 Lesson Plan 1 1 Introduction T: In this first lesson we'll look at the principles of the Lorenz cipher; in the next lesson we'll learn how the Lorenz cipher machine was used to break the code.
Engineering Scope and Sequence Student Outcomes (Objectives Skills/Verbs)
The World of Modern Engineering What do Scientists and Engineers do? What is the difference between analog and digital devices? How do Engineers organize their designs? Introduction to LabView software
Purple. Used by Japanese government. Not used for tactical military info. Used to send infamous 14-part message
Purple Purple 1 Purple Used by Japanese government o Diplomatic communications o Named for color of binder cryptanalysts used o Other Japanese ciphers: Red, Coral, Jade, etc. Not used for tactical military
Cryptography s Application in Numbers Station
Cryptography s Application in Numbers Station Jacqueline - 13512074 1 Program Studi Teknik Informatika Sekolah Teknik Elektro dan Informatika Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132, Indonesia
Classification of Ciphers
Classification of Ciphers A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Technology by Pooja Maheshwari to the Department of Computer Science & Engineering Indian
The number theory behind cryptography
The University of Vermont May 16, 2017 What is cryptography? Cryptography is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of adverse third parties. What is cryptography?
DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY SEMESTER ONE EXAMINATIONS 2013 MODULE: (Title & Code) CA642 Cryptography and Number Theory COURSE: M.Sc. in Security and Forensic Computing YEAR: 1 EXAMINERS: (Including Telephone
Chapter 4 The Data Encryption Standard
Chapter 4 The Data Encryption Standard History of DES Most widely used encryption scheme is based on DES adopted by National Bureau of Standards (now National Institute of Standards and Technology) in
Voting Systems, Mass Murder, and the Enigma Machine
Voting Systems, Mass Murder, and the Enigma Machine Department of Mathematics University of Arizona 3/22/11 Outline Der Reichstag 1 Der Reichstag 2 3 Der Reichstag German Parliamentary Election Results
Drill Time: Remainders from Long Division
Drill Time: Remainders from Long Division Example (Drill Time: Remainders from Long Division) Get some practice finding remainders. Use your calculator (if you want) then check your answers with a neighbor.
Study of 3D Barcode with Steganography for Data Hiding
Study of 3D Barcode with Steganography for Data Hiding Megha S M 1, Chethana C 2 1Student of Master of Technology, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering& BMSIT&M Yelahanka Banglore-64, 2 Assistant
Enhanced Packet Delivery Techniques Using Crypto-Logic on Jamming Attacks for Wireless Communication Medium
Enhanced Packet Delivery Techniques Using Crypto-Logic on Jamming Attacks for Wireless Communication Medium Ambarisha Malladi M. Chandra Naik Sayyed Nagul Meera, M.Tech(cse) Assoc. Professor, Asst. Professor,
II. RC4 Cryptography is the art of communication protection. This art is scrambling a message so it cannot be clear; it
Enhancement of RC4 Algorithm using PUF * Ziyad Tariq Mustafa Al-Ta i, * Dhahir Abdulhade Abdullah, Saja Talib Ahmed *Department of Computer Science - College of Science - University of Diyala - Iraq Abstract:
Course Business. Harry. Hagrid. Homework 2 Due Now. Midterm is on March 1. Final Exam is Monday, May 1 (7 PM) Location: Right here
Course Business Homework 2 Due Now Midterm is on March 1 Final Exam is Monday, May 1 (7 PM) Location: Right here Harry Hagrid 1 Cryptography CS 555 Topic 17: DES, 3DES 2 Recap Goals for This Week: Practical
Towards a Cryptanalysis of Scrambled Spectral-Phase Encoded OCDMA
Towards a Cryptanalysis of Scrambled Spectral-Phase Encoded OCDMA Sharon Goldberg* Ron Menendez **, Paul R. Prucnal* *, **Telcordia Technologies OFC 27, Anaheim, CA, March 29, 27 Secret key Security for
Steganography. ICS Lab.
Steganography ICS Lab. Introduction What is Steganography? Steganography is the art or practice of concealing a message, image, or file within another message, image, or file. Origin of the word The word
Block Ciphers Security of block ciphers. Symmetric Ciphers
Lecturers: Mark D. Ryan and David Galindo. Cryptography 2016. Slide: 26 Assume encryption and decryption use the same key. Will discuss how to distribute key to all parties later Symmetric ciphers unusable
Secret Key Systems (block encoding) Encrypting a small block of text (say 128 bits) General considerations for cipher design:
Secret Key Systems (block encoding) Encrypting a small block of text (say 128 bits) General considerations for cipher design: Secret Key Systems (block encoding) Encrypting a small block of text (say 128
Cryptanalysis on short messages encrypted with M-138 cipher machine
Cryptanalysis on short messages encrypted with M-138 cipher machine Tsonka Baicheva Miroslav Dimitrov Institute of Mathematics and Informatics Bulgarian Academy of Sciences 10-14 July, 2017 Sofia Introduction
Merkle s Puzzles. c Eli Biham - May 3, Merkle s Puzzles (8)
Merkle s Puzzles See: Merkle, Secrecy, Authentication, and Public Key Systems, UMI Research press, 1982 Merkle, Secure Communications Over Insecure Channels, CACM, Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 294-299, April 1978
LOSSLESS CRYPTO-DATA HIDING IN MEDICAL IMAGES WITHOUT INCREASING THE ORIGINAL IMAGE SIZE THE METHOD
LOSSLESS CRYPTO-DATA HIDING IN MEDICAL IMAGES WITHOUT INCREASING THE ORIGINAL IMAGE SIZE J.M. Rodrigues, W. Puech and C. Fiorio Laboratoire d Informatique Robotique et Microlectronique de Montpellier LIRMM,
DES Data Encryption standard
DES Data Encryption standard DES was developed by IBM as a modification of an earlier system Lucifer DES was adopted as a standard in 1977 Was replaced only in 2001 with AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)
A Steganography Algorithm for Hiding Secret Message inside Image using Random Key
A Steganography Algorithm for Hiding Secret Message inside Image using Random Key Balvinder Singh Sahil Kataria Tarun Kumar Narpat Singh Shekhawat Abstract "Steganography is a Greek origin word which means
Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics
Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics Volume 19, 213 http://acousticalsociety.org/ ICA 213 Montreal Montreal, Canada 2-7 June 213 Signal Processing in Acoustics Session 2pSP: Acoustic Signal Processing
Analysis of Secure Text Embedding using Steganography
Analysis of Secure Text Embedding using Steganography Rupinder Kaur Department of Computer Science and Engineering BBSBEC, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India Deepak Aggarwal Department of Computer Science
HEURISTIC SEARCH CRYPTANALYSIS OF THE ZODIAC 340 CIPHER. A Project Report. Presented to. The faculty of the Department of Computer Science
HEURISTIC SEARCH CRYPTANALYSIS OF THE ZODIAC 340 CIPHER A Project Report Presented to The faculty of the Department of Computer Science San Jose State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
SOLUTION OF POLYGRAPHIC SUBSTITUTION SYSTEMS. Analysis of Four-Square and Two-Square Ciphers
CHAPTER 7 SOLUTION OF POLYGRAPHIC SUBSTITUTION SYSTEMS Section I Analysis of Four-Square and Two-Square Ciphers 7-1. Identification of Plaintext Recovery of any digraphic system is largely dependent on
Linear Congruences. The solutions to a linear congruence ax b (mod m) are all integers x that satisfy the congruence.
Section 4.4 Linear Congruences Definition: A congruence of the form ax b (mod m), where m is a positive integer, a and b are integers, and x is a variable, is called a linear congruence. The solutions
Stream Ciphers And Pseudorandomness Revisited. Table of contents
Stream Ciphers And Pseudorandomness Revisited Foundations of Cryptography Computer Science Department Wellesley College Fall 2016 Table of contents Introduction Stream Ciphers Stream ciphers & pseudorandom
MA 111, Topic 2: Cryptography
MA 111, Topic 2: Cryptography Our next topic is something called Cryptography, the mathematics of making and breaking Codes! In the most general sense, Cryptography is the mathematical ideas behind changing
ENHANCED SECURITY SYSTEM USING SYMMETRIC ENCRYPTION AND VISUAL CRYPTOGRAPHY
ENHANCED SECURITY SYSTEM USING SYMMETRIC ENCRYPTION AND VISUAL CRYPTOGRAPHY Ranjan Kumar H S 1, Prasanna Kumar H R 1, Sudeepa K B 2 and Ganesh Aithal 2 1 Dept of CSE, NMAMIT, Nitte, Karnataka, India 2
Diffie-Hellman key-exchange protocol
Diffie-Hellman key-exchange protocol This protocol allows two users to choose a common secret key, for DES or AES, say, while communicating over an insecure channel (with eavesdroppers). The two users
DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY
DUBLIN CITY UNIVERSITY SEMESTER ONE EXAMINATIONS 2013/2014 MODULE: CA642/A Cryptography and Number Theory PROGRAMME(S): MSSF MCM ECSA ECSAO MSc in Security & Forensic Computing M.Sc. in Computing Study
The depth HQIBPEXEZMUG is intercepted & read. September December Whole of Research Section works on trying to analyze the key produced by the depth
Appendix A - Fish Chronology 1940 First non-morse transmissions heard, but not followed up due to lack of resources and concentration on Enigma Swedish codebreaker, Arno Beurling, breaks the Siemens T52
Pseudorandom Number Generation and Stream Ciphers
Pseudorandom Number Generation and Stream Ciphers Raj Jain Washington University in Saint Louis Saint Louis, MO 63130 Jain@cse.wustl.edu Audio/Video recordings of this lecture are available at: http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse571-14/
CSE 3482 Introduction to Computer Security.
CSE 3482 Introduction to Computer Security http://www.marw0rm.com/steganography-what-your-eyes-dont-see/ Instructor: N. Vlajic, Winter 2017 Learning Objectives Upon completion of this material, you should
Improved RGB -LSB Steganography Using Secret Key Ankita Gangwar 1, Vishal shrivastava 2
Improved RGB -LSB Steganography Using Secret Key Ankita Gangwar 1, Vishal shrivastava 2 Computer science Department 1, Computer science department 2 Research scholar 1, professor 2 Mewar University, India
Public Key Cryptography Great Ideas in Theoretical Computer Science Saarland University, Summer 2014
7 Public Key Cryptography Great Ideas in Theoretical Computer Science Saarland University, Summer 2014 Cryptography studies techniques for secure communication in the presence of third parties. A typical
EE 418 Network Security and Cryptography Lecture #3
EE 418 Network Security and Cryptography Lecture #3 October 6, 2016 Classical cryptosystems. Lecture notes prepared by Professor Radha Poovendran. Tamara Bonaci Department of Electrical Engineering University
A Novel Encryption System using Layered Cellular Automata
A Novel Encryption System using Layered Cellular Automata M Phani Krishna Kishore 1 S Kanthi Kiran 2 B Bangaru Bhavya 3 S Harsha Chaitanya S 4 Abstract As the technology is rapidly advancing day by day
ENHANCED SECURITY SYSTEM FOR REAL TIME APPLICATIONS USING VISUAL CRYPTOGRAPHY
Cell, Manjari Road,Hadapsar,Pune-412307. India,Chief Editor:Dr.K.R.Harne,Editors:Prof R V Patil,Prof Niraja Jain ENHANCED SECURITY SYSTEM FOR REAL TIME APPLICATIONS USING VISUAL CRYPTOGRAPHY AbhishekShinde,
Lecture 32. Handout or Document Camera or Class Exercise. Which of the following is equal to [53] [5] 1 in Z 7? (Do not use a calculator.
![Lecture 32. Handout or Document Camera or Class Exercise. Which of the following is equal to [53] [5] 1 in Z 7? (Do not use a calculator.](/thumbs/90/104453251.jpg "Lecture 32. Handout or Document Camera or Class Exercise. Which of the following is equal to [53] [5] 1 in Z 7? (Do not use a calculator.")
Lecture 32 Instructor s Comments: This is a make up lecture. You can choose to cover many extra problems if you wish or head towards cryptography. I will probably include the square and multiply algorithm
Mathematics Explorers Club Fall 2012 Number Theory and Cryptography
Mathematics Explorers Club Fall 2012 Number Theory and Cryptography Chapter 0: Introduction Number Theory enjoys a very long history in short, number theory is a study of integers. Mathematicians over
Overview: The works of Alan Turing ( )
Overview: The works of Alan Turing (1912-1954) Dan Hallin 2005-10-21 Introduction Course in Computer Science (CD5600) The methodology of Science in Technology (CT3620) Mälardalen
MODERN MARVELS: CODES NETWORK: THE HISTORY CHANNEL Writer/Producer/Director: Adrian Maher Date: April 6, 2001 TEASE
1 Adrian Maher/CODES MODERN MARVELS: CODES NETWORK: THE HISTORY CHANNEL Writer/Producer/Director: Adrian Maher Date: April 6, 2001 TEASE ACT ONE CAESAR ALTERED HIS ALPHABET. THE NAZIS HAD ENIGMA. THE MODERN
CANDOER News. Volume 8 Number 2 Inside this issue
CANDOER News A quarterly Newsletter dedicated to Communicators AND Others Enjoying Retirement July 2008 Summer Issue Volume 8 Number 2 Inside this issue candoercat@gmail.com or to my snail-mail address:
Dr. V.U.K.Sastry Professor (CSE Dept), Dean (R&D) SreeNidhi Institute of Science & Technology, SNIST Hyderabad, India. P = [ p
Vol., No., A Block Cipher Involving a Key Bunch Matrix and an Additional Key Matrix, Supplemented with XOR Operation and Supported by Key-Based Permutation and Substitution Dr. V.U.K.Sastry Professor (CSE
Cryptanalysis of Ladder-DES
Cryptanalysis of Ladder-DES Computer Science Department Technion - srael nstitute of Technology Haifa 32000, srael Email: biham@cs.technion, ac.il WWW: http://www.cs.technion.ac.il/-biham/ Abstract. Feistel
High Diffusion Cipher: Encryption and Error Correction in a Single Cryptographic Primitive
High Diffusion Cipher: Encryption and Error Correction in a Single Cryptographic Primitive Chetan Nanjunda Mathur, Karthik Narayan and K.P. Subbalakshmi Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Classical Cryptography
Classical Cryptography Summer 2008 course at b-it Bonn-Aachen International Center for Information Technology c 2008 Joachim von zur Gathen Version: July 14, 2008 Cryptography, July 14, 2008, c 2008 J.
Seventeenth Annual University of Oregon Eugene Luks Programming Competition
Seventeenth Annual University of Oregon Eugene Luks Programming Competition Saturday, April 13, 2013 Problem Contributors Jim Allen David Atkins Gene Luks Chris Wilson Food and prizes provided by Pipeworks
Distribution of Primes
Distribution of Primes Definition. For positive real numbers x, let π(x) be the number of prime numbers less than or equal to x. For example, π(1) = 0, π(10) = 4 and π(100) = 25. To use some ciphers, we
COS433/Math 473: Cryptography. Mark Zhandry Princeton University Spring 2017
COS433/Math 473: Cryptography Mark Zhandry Princeton University Spring 2017 Previously Pseudorandom Functions and Permutaitons Modes of Operation Pseudorandom Functions Functions that look like random
Performance Improving LSB Audio Steganography Technique
ISSN: 2321-7782 (Online) Volume 1, Issue 4, September 2013 International Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and Management Studies Research Paper Available online at: www.ijarcsms.com Performance
A Recursive Threshold Visual Cryptography Scheme
A Recursive Threshold Visual Cryptography cheme Abhishek Parakh and ubhash Kak Department of Computer cience Oklahoma tate University tillwater, OK 74078 Abstract: This paper presents a recursive hiding
Steganography is the idea of hiding private or sensitive data or information within
1.1 Introduction Steganography is the idea of hiding private or sensitive data or information within something that appears to be nothing out of the normal. Steganography and cryptology are similar in
An Enhanced Least Significant Bit Steganography Technique
An Enhanced Least Significant Bit Steganography Technique Mohit Abstract - Message transmission through internet as medium, is becoming increasingly popular. Hence issues like information security are
Basic concepts of Digital Watermarking. Prof. Mehul S Raval
Basic concepts of Digital Watermarking Prof. Mehul S Raval Mutual dependencies Perceptual Transparency Payload Robustness Security Oblivious Versus non oblivious Cryptography Vs Steganography Cryptography
V.Sorge/E.Ritter, Handout 2
06-20008 Cryptography The University of Birmingham Autumn Semester 2015 School of Computer Science V.Sorge/E.Ritter, 2015 Handout 2 Summary of this handout: Symmetric Ciphers Overview Block Ciphers Feistel
6.004 Computation Structures Spring 2009
MIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.edu 6.004 Computation Structures Spring 2009 For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit: http://ocw.mit.edu/terms. Welcome to 6.004! Course
An Integrated Image Steganography System. with Improved Image Quality
Applied Mathematical Sciences, Vol. 7, 2013, no. 71, 3545-3553 HIKARI Ltd, www.m-hikari.com http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/ams.2013.34236 An Integrated Image Steganography System with Improved Image Quality
A Secure Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Hill Cipher System
Buletin Teknik Elektro dan Informatika (Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics) Vol.1, No.1, March 212, pp. 51~6 ISSN: 289-3191 51 A Secure Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Hill Cipher System
Generic Attacks on Feistel Schemes
Generic Attacks on Feistel Schemes Jacques Patarin 1, 1 CP8 Crypto Lab, SchlumbergerSema, 36-38 rue de la Princesse, BP 45, 78430 Louveciennes Cedex, France PRiSM, University of Versailles, 45 av. des
Pixel Image Steganography Using EOF Method and Modular Multiplication Block Cipher Algorithm
Pixel Image Steganography Using EOF Method and Modular Multiplication Block Cipher Algorithm Robbi Rahim Abstract Purpose- This study aims to hide data or information on pixel image by using EOF method,
Generic Attacks on Feistel Schemes
Generic Attacks on Feistel Schemes -Extended Version- Jacques Patarin PRiSM, University of Versailles, 45 av. des États-Unis, 78035 Versailles Cedex, France This paper is the extended version of the paper
LSB Encoding. Technical Paper by Mark David Gan
Technical Paper by Mark David Gan Chameleon is an image steganography software developed by Mark David Gan for his thesis at STI College Bacoor, a computer college of the STI Network in the Philippines.
arxiv: v1 [nlin.cd] 29 Oct 2007
![arxiv: v1 [nlin.cd] 29 Oct 2007](/thumbs/94/121755261.jpg "arxiv: v1 [nlin.cd] 29 Oct 2007")
Analog Chaos-based Secure Communications and Cryptanalysis: A Brief Survey Shujun Li, Gonzalo Alvarez, Zhong Li and Wolfgang A. Halang arxiv:0710.5455v1 [nlin.cd] 29 Oct 2007 Abstract A large number of