An Experiment Study for Time Synchronization Utilizing USRP and GNU Radio
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1 GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 11-15th, San Diego, USA An Experiment Study for Time Synchronization Utilizing USRP and GNU Radio Won Jae Yoo, Kwang Ho Choi, JoonHoo Lim, La Woo Kim, Hyoungmin So and Hyung Keun Lee
2 Contents 1. Introduction 2. Design of synchronization method 3. Experiment 4. Conclusion & Future work GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 1
3 Introduction GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 2
4 Introduction (1/2) Time synchronization Core technology in various fields using Internet based network services Geodesy, Weather Defense, GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Finance, Communication, Medical service GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 3
5 Introduction (2/2) Time synchronization method Wired time synchronization Server t1 t2 Time NTP (Network Time Protocol) Ethernet Wireless time synchronization Client t 0 t 3 Time RBS (Reference Broadcast Synchronization) TPSN (Timing-sync Protocol for Sensor Networks) GNSS GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 4
6 Motivation (1/2) GNSS time synchronization GNSS navigation message based time synchronization Including signal transmission time information 3~4 Cesium (Cs) & Rubidium (Rb) atomic clocks are mounted in GNSS satellite Highly precise oscillation accuracy GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 5
7 Motivation (2/2) In case of non-gnss Standalone positioning utilizing pseudolite Ground-fixed Mobile Separate time synchronization method between pseudolites must be needed TDOA (Time Difference Of Arrival) Receiver time does not require for synchronize to the transmitters time Mobile Pseudolite Fixed Pseudolite User GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 6
8 Designed synchronization method GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 7
9 Designed method (1/5) Time synchronization concept SDR-based time synchronization utilizing USRP, GNU Radio Transmission time : t tx t rx N Reception time :,, N is the number of slaves Goal : Minimize t t (compensated travel time) rx, N tx t rx Slave Slave Slave Time reference signal Master (Time reference) Slave t tx Slave Slave GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 8
10 Designed method (2/5) Generation and Transmission of time reference signal Time Reference USRP(Clock source) PPS signal Transmit time reference signal (PPS signal) Square pulse Generates time reference signal Carrier pulse GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 9
11 Designed method (3/5) Reception and Detection of time reference signal Slave USRP Time synchronize to the reference signal Receive time reference signal Python based valid signal determination GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 10
12 Designed method (4/5) Valid signal determination Dual threshold method (First sample of rising edge) 1 Signal amplitude 2 Signal amplitude variation 2 Signal amplitude variation threshold 1 Signal amplitude threshold GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 11
13 Designed method (5/5) Synchronize time between USRPs Operational flow t t t tx rx,1 rx,2 t rx,3 t t1 trx,1 t t2 trx,2 t t t t 3 rx,3 tx tx tx GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 12
14 Experiment GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 13
15 Experiment (1/4) Experiment configuration Experiment equipment USRP N210 (rev.4 : SBX) : 4 EA Laptop PC : 4 EA UHF antenna : 4 EA Carrier frequency : MHz Sampling rate (f s ) : 1 Msps (Mega Samples per second) T s 1 f s 6 10 sec r T c 300 m s s 5 m GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 14
16 Experiment (2/4) Experiment configuration Reference USRP Generation and transmission a time reference signal during 10 minutes Slave USRPs Confirmation of the time synchronization accuracy by comparing the signal reception time of USRPs Mean, Standard deviation of synchronized time Distance(clock source slave) : 5 m GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 15
17 Experiment (3/4) Experiment result GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 16
18 Experiment (4/4) Experiment result Uses a low-precision time reference signal compared to a method that provides very precise & stable clock pulses 2.5 ppm (USRP) vs ~0.001 ppb (atomic clock) Heavily influenced by processing speed of host PC Synchronized-time error From tens to hundred microseconds GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 17
19 Conclusion with Future work GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 18
20 Conclusion Designed and implemented a simple PPS-based time synchronization method utilizing USRP and GNU Radio as an initial study of SDR-based time synchronization Generated a USRP-based separate clock source instead of a GNSS-based clock source Although accuracy deteriorates, it was confirmed that the time synchronization between USRPs can be achieved within a certain error range Evaluated the feasibility of time synchronization scheme by GNU Radio based algorithm (signal generation, transmission, reception, and processing) GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 19
21 Future work (1/2) Code optimization & host performance improvement Time synchronization accuracy is affected by the efficiency of source code TSB(Tagged Stream Block) & PDU(Message Connection) (C++ API) Reduction of synchronous time Time synchronization accuracy is affected by host computer performance in terms of sampling rate Navigation & Information Systems Efficient Laboratory Processing of Bursty Information Streams with GNU Radio, TIM O SHEA GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 20
22 Future work (2/2) Increasing sampling rate Reduction of time interval between samples Improves time-axis resolution More precise time synchronization can be achieved Precise detection method In case of long-distance time synchronization ( > 1km), the received signal amplitude will be highly-attenuated Detection algorithm for highly-attenuated signal should be designed PRN code & matched filter Cross-correlates with predetermined information Message-based time reference signal More accurate synchronization can be possible GNU Radio Conference 2017, September 14th, - 21
23 THANK YOU Q&A
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