Satellite Monitoring MoU in the framework of CEPT compatibility studies
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1 Satellite Monitoring MoU in the framework of CEPT compatibility studies Jean-Philippe Kermoal European Radiocommunications Office (ERO) 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 1
2 Outline General on the MoU MoU Objectives Leeheim Station Leeheim Station s Tasks MoU use from a CEPT perspective 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 2
3 General Satellite monitoring is expensive Administrations have to slim down A number of countries need to be able to monitor satellites The ECC or its working groups need satellite monitoring 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 3
4 The MoU In 2003, an MoU has been signed by 6 countries: Germany France UK Switzerland The Netherlands Spain 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 4
5 Main objectives of the MoU To create a common understanding and provide a cooperation among the signatories for getting measurement results (Leeheim Station) for their own purpose. Establish a procedure based on a nonprofit making funding and a common management of satellite monitoring activities within the CEPT. 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 5
6 The management committee Prioritises measurements Set station fee and hourly rates Set administrative fee Evaluate reports and proposals 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 6
7 Costs Annual Contribution Administrative Fee European Monitoring Fund Station Fee Measurements Hourly rates Personnel Equipments 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 7
8 Leeheim Station Source: Space Radio Monitoring Leeheim Station handbook October 2007 The frequency range of the Station extends from 130 MHz GHz without any gap. 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 8
9 System Characteristics Antenna 1 12 m Cassegrain-Beam- Waveguide-Antenna is a broadband antenna ( GHz). Adjustable rotary reflector and a slide mounted feed allow switching between the frequency bands. Optimized at GHz, GHz, GHz and GHz Accurate monopulse and computer controlled position tracking capability. Source: RegTP, 7th ISRM June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 9
10 System Characteristics Antenna 3 Square of 2.4x2.4 m, composed of 3 sectors of dipole arrays of different size covering in total the frequency band from MHz. 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 10
11 System Characteristics Antenna 4 7 m Prime-Focus-Antenna is a multi band antenna covering the range from GHz. Computer controlled antenna tracking of the Antennas 1, 3 and 4 allows to follow geostationary or nongeostationary satellites. Source: RegTP, 7th ISRM June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 11
12 System Characteristics Antenna 2 Cassegrain-Antenna with a narrow band feed in the frequency range GHz with a diameter of 8.5 m. Antenna 5 3 m Prime-Focus-Antenna with a broadband logarithmic periodic feed GHz Omnidirectional Antennas to observe simultaneously all emissions from the sky in a certain frequency band, e.g. of a multi-satellite system. The frequency range is MHz. 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 12
13 Transmitter Location System (TLS) Designed to identify the location of radio transmitters on Earth. Triangulation using the wanted transmitter and two satellites (time and frequency measurements). Neighbouring Satellite Interfered Satellite Monitoring Earth Stations Interfering Transmitter 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 13
14 Measurement Parameters The station can measure or determine emission characteristics such as: Frequency Doppler frequency shift Spectrum and bandwidth Class of emission and type of modulation Polarization Power flux density in the reference bandwidth Total power flux density EIRP In case of TV emissions: Sound sub carrier frequencies Coding Program sources etc. 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 14
15 Leeheim Station s Task Spectrum Occupancy Monitoring Position Measurements Interference Measurements Pre-Launch Monitoring 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 15
16 Spectrum Occupancy Monitoring Observe the radio frequency spectrum (e.g. Identify paper satellites, unknown satellites, and for coordination with other authorities) Results stored in a database and complemented with spectrum prints for each monitored emission. These measurements applicable for the geostationary and the nongeostationary orbit. 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 16
17 Position Measurements Where the inclination or ellipticity of a satellite orbit may cause interference to a neighbouring satellite The trace of the occupied position has to be measured. This is done with monopulse-tracking over a 24 hour period. The trace of the occupied position is given in geographical coordinates or in a celestial grid 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 17
18 Interference Measurements Source of interference is in space: Either from a known satellite (noncompliant signals) or an unknown satellite is the source (triangulation needed). Source of interference is on Earth: it appears in the downlink of a satellite, transmitter location measurements are required. 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 18
19 Pre-Launch Monitoring During the pre-phase of the launch of a satellite the frequencies used for telemetry, telecommand and tracking are monitored with respect to the planned orbit. The measurement results facilitate a safer launch and a safer positioning of the satellite. 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 19
20 Customers of Leeheim Units or individuals responsible for frequency management spectrum engineering etc who are under German jurisdiction, or, authorities who are members of the CEPT SatMoU, or, other authorities or operators on a contractual basis 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 20
21 An example of the use of Leeheim Station Monitoring Glonass Emissions at 1.6 GHz 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 21
22 Monitoring Glonass Emissions CEPT requested the monitoring of GLONASS at 1.6 GHz satellites in order to assess the pfd levels radiated in the radioastronomy band by the new and old generation of GLONASS satellites, in the framework of WRC-07 AI Leeheim produced a report 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 22
23 GLONASS Spectral measurement OLD GLONASS satellite Snapshot of the spectrum analyser NEW GLONASS satellite Snapshot of the spectrum analyser Source: WGSE (Doc 17SE21(06) Measurement of GLONASS unwanted emissions in the band MHz) 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 23
24 Glonass measurement results Modulation improved between the old and new GLONASS satellites (the null spikes have disappeared) Filter was implemented in the band MHz in order to reduce the level of unwanted emissions by up to 19 db in the RAS band. 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 24
25 Its use by the CEPT The output of the measurement useful for the CPM Report of WRC07 Chapter 2 on Agenda item 1.21 section 2/1.21/1.3.8 Studies of the RNSS (space-to-earth)/ras band pair MHz/ MHz 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 25
26 Links Sat MoU website (ww.ero.dk/satmou) Leeheim station Station handbook MoU text 12 June 2008 Efficient use of orbit/spectrum by satellite systems 26
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