Status of the COSPAS-SARSAT system and future development integrated in GALILEO. Patrice Brault MARTEC SERPE-IESM

Transcription

1 Status of the COSPAS-SARSAT system and future development integrated in GALILEO Patrice Brault MARTEC SERPE-IESM

2 MARTEC SERPE IESM plant Guidel ARGOS drifter PTR ERIKA

3 Safety of human life actual components of satellite distress system beacon satellites localisation principles Man over board evolution with Galileo new principle for localisation expected improvements new generation of beacons

4 Cospas-Sarsat Cospas Sarsat COsmicheskaya Systyema Poiska Aariynyich Sudov which translates loosely into Space System for the Search of Vessels in Distress Search and Rescue Satellite Aided Tracking Cospas-Sarsat provides, free-of-charge, distress alert and location information to search and rescue authorities anywhere in the world for maritime, aviation and land users in distress.

5 History 1950s Concept of Doppler tracking developed to locate transmitters on earth surface using satellites 1970 Congress mandates carriage of ELT on general aviation aircraft 1972 Congressmen Boggs and Begich lost in Alaska 1960s Emergency beacons operating at 121.5/243 MHz used by military year old girl starves to death after waiting two months for rescue 1976 Canada, France and United States begin development of the SARSAT program

6 History Memorandum of Understanding among agencies in Canada, France, USA and former USSR Launch of Sarsat International Cospas-Sarsat Program Agreement signed by governments of Canada, France, USA and former USSR 1999 C/S Phases out 121.5/243 MHz Launch of Cospas-1, first save Cospas-Sarsat declared operational GEOSAR operational Russia assumes responsibilities for the former USSR

7 SYSTEM OVERVIEW COSPAS-SARSAT SYSTEM The Cospas-Sarsat System is composed of: LUT distress radiobeacons (ELTs for aviation use, EPIRBs for maritime use, and PLBs for personal use) which transmit signals during distress situations; instruments on board satellites in geostationary and low-altitude Earth orbits which detect the signals transmitted by distress radiobeacons; RCC SAR MCC ground receiving stations, referred to as Local Users Terminals (LUTs), which receive and process the satellite downlink signal to generate distress alerts; and Mission Control Centers (MCCs) which receive alerts produced by LUTs and forward them to Rescue Coordination Centers (RCCs), Search and Rescue Points Of Contacts (SPOCs) or other MCCs.

8 System Operation GEO Satellites LEO Satellites Local User Terminal Emergency Beacons Rescue Coordination Center Mission Control Center

9 MARTEC SERPE-IESM HISTORY KANNAD FAMILY EPIRBs sea ELTs air PLBs ground Since

10 Cospas-sarsat beacon MHz (75 mw) distress frequency used or Aircraft beacon since 1970 receiver on board LEO satellites and aircraft uncoded poor accuracy (20-30 km) direct mode good sturdiness 406 MHz ( 5W) receiver on board LEO and GEO satellites global mode identification of each beacon MMSI, Radio call sign, accuracy better than 1Nm 95% of case GPS integrated in option

11 Two types of satellites Low-earth orbiting (LEO)/polar orbiting (LEOSAR); Geosynchronous earth orbiting(geo or GEOSAR)

12 Satellites LEO GEO United States NOAA/TIROS (121.5, 243 and 406 MHz capability) - SARSAT Search and Rescue Repeater (SARR) - Canada Search and Rescue Processor (SARP) - France Russian Nadezda (121.5 and 406 MHz capability) - COSPAS 4 Sarsat and 3 Cospas operational at present time United States NOAA/GOES (406 MHz capability) ( 2 satellites in operation ) Indian INSAT-2B (406 MHz capability) METOP ( Europe ) ( 406 MHz capability ) More

13 COSPAS-SARSAT SYSTEM GEOSAR and LEOSAR system capabilities are complementary. GEOSAR system can provide almost immediate alerting LEOSAR system: provides coverage of the polar region can calculate the location of distress events using Doppler processing techniques LEOSAR and GEOSAR Capabilities

14 Mode direct - mode global Satellite 406 MHz beacon detections can be stored on board the satellite and re-broadcast later LUT Mode global 121.5/243 MHz Beacon Detection of a 121.5/243 MHz beacon requires mutual visibility between beacon, satellite and ground station (LUT) Satellite LUT Mode direct 406 MHz Beacon

15 COSPAS-SARSAT SYSTEM LUTs location LEOLUTs direct mode in white global mode world wide

16 GEOSAR satellites and coverage Geostationary satellites orbit the Earth at an altitude of 36,000 km. Capability to relay the transmissions of the Cospas-Sarsat 406 MHz beacons. Beacon must encode in message position from navigation receiver ( GPS

17 COSPAS-SARSAT SYSTEM Local User Terminal LUTs LUTs are expected to provide the SAR community with reliable alert and location data, without restriction on use LEOLUTs GEOLUTs

18 MCCs COSPAS-SARSAT SYSTEM Mission Control Centers (MCCs)

19 Rescues Persons rescued world-wide since 1982 >11,000 Persons rescued in United States since 1982 > 4,000

20 Recovery system for «man over board» satellite beacon with GPS + local receiver on board vessel coupled with navigation software Long and short distance applications

21 KANNAD 406 XS-2 GPS TRANSMISSION

22 KANNAD 406 XS-2 GPS - Position decoding Thanks to RMD 02 Sarsat receiver, the GPS position is displayed within minutes The position of the beacon is displayed on the map if RMD is connected to a computer with cartography software.

23 Future? LEO constellation decided until 2015 GALILEO European GPS Medium Earth Orbiting constellation 24 satellites km 406 MHz SAR repeater on board X %

24 SAR GALILEO Project SAR Payloads on Global Position System satellite constellation providing near instantaneous detection and location of 406 MHz beacons Improvements reduction of delay alert use of down link message for SAR beacon acknowledgement reduction of false alert enable lowest cost beacon Cannot localize beacon by only Doppler calcul Doppler (FAO ) is be to reduce to calculate position

25 SAR GALILEO features GALILEO Many calls for development in FP6 frame, In development demonstration constellation IOV with 4 satellites in 2008 Future addition of GPS and When Galileo will be in operation 8 satellites in visibility + GPS satellites.. will be able to relay without delay encoded position as GEOSAR

26 GALILEO SAR GALILEO localisation principle MEOLUT FAO + TAO Frequency arrival and Time arrival Localization in few minutes

27 SAR GALILEO acknowledgement MEOLUT Acknowledgement and other small information ( bits) will be integrate in Galileo positioning frame Other functionality in study Control station Included in E1-L2-E2 messages SAR GALILEO Beacon with integrated receiver

28 New SAR beacons Standard beacon compatible with actual LEO and GEO SAR 406 MHz ( 5 W) GALILEO receiver for positioning downlink acknowledgement New low cost beacon 406 MHz ( < 5 W) New modulation Positionned by TAO and FAO uncompatible with actual system

29 Merci