Validation and evolution of the road traffic noise prediction model NMPB-96 - Part 1: Comparison between calculation and measurement results
|
|
- Noel Peters
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 The 2001 International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering The Hague, The Netherlands, 2001 August Validation and evolution of the road traffic noise prediction model NMPB-96 - Part 1: Comparison between calculation and measurement results F. Besnard (1), H. Lefèvre (2), V. Zouboff (3) (1) Service d Etudes Techniques des Routes et Autoroutes 46 av. A. Briand, BP 100, BAGNEUX Cedex, France (2) Laboratoire Régional des Ponts et Chaussées de Clermont-Ferrand 8-10 rue Bernard Palissy, CLERMONT-FERRAND Cedex 2, France (3) Laboratoire Régional des Ponts et Chaussées d Angers 23 avenue de l Amiral Chauvin, LES PONTS DE CE, France Abstract The French road traffic noise prediction model NMPB-96 takes into account the influence of the real weather conditions of the site on sound propagation. In order to complement the model validation and to prepare its final version, a heavy measurement campaign took place on six sites bordering motorways. On each site sound levels, weather parameters and traffic were measured on 10 minute periods during at least two weeks so as to observe a large diversity of weather conditions. These 10 minute samples have been classified according to the weather conditions. The sound attenuation due to propagation has been compared with the predictions given by NMPB-96 for whole daytime and night-time periods. The agreement between calculation and measurement results is satisfactory, even at large distances, for microphones with a direct view of the road, and also when the road is screened off by a vertical obstacle. For microphones located below the road level (road on embankment or viaduct), the model overestimates the measurements. The work carried out to upgrade NMPB is described in part 2: Improvements based on theoretical methods. 1. Introduction The French road traffic noise prediction model "NMPB-Routes-96" [1] takes into account the influence of the real weather conditions (wind and temperature gradient) of the site on sound propagation. It was developed within a short period of time in order to meet a new regulatory requirement. During the preparation phase, the method was validated by comparison with theoretical models (boundary elements, parabolic equations) and a first series of in situ measurement results. However, the timeframe allocated then was not sufficient to undertake as many measurements as required. For this reason, it was decided to publish NMPB in an experimental form and schedule an additional validation measurement campaign. This article deals mainly with the comparison between the measured sound levels and those predicted by NMPB. The principles of the model, the measurement process and the preliminary data processing are described in detail in [2, 3] and are only recalled shortly hereafter.
2 2. Principles of NMPB As NMPB applies only to point sound sources, the first step of the calculation consists in breaking down the road into such sources. Then NMPB enables to calculate the equivalent sound level L H in homogeneous atmospheric conditions (vertical gradient of sound speed zero) and the average sound level L F in conditions said to be "favourable to propagation" (vertical gradient of sound speed positive). The long term equivalent sound level L LT is calculated by: L LT = 10 lg [p LF + (1-p) LH ] (1) where p is the proportion of time when conditions are favourable to propagation (p is between 0 and 1), and varies according to the source-receiver direction. In other words, sound levels existing in conditions "unfavourable to propagation" (vertical gradient of sound speed negative) are biased upwards by the L H level. This method overestimates the actual sound levels but takes a safe approach for the road designer. It ensures as well that L LT is not lower than L H, as required by the French regulations. 3. Measurement principle and data processing 3.1 Measurement principle Six sites were equipped in 1997 and 1998 (cross section views of the sites are given in part 4). At each measurement site, the experiment consisted in acquiring, for a minimum period of two weeks, micrometeorological and acoustic information sampled in slots of 10 minutes, the minimum representative time for meteorological conditions. The meteorological data were collected by a mast comprising three sensor levels for air temperature, wind speed and wind direction, located at 1 m, 3 m and 10 m from the ground. The sound levels LAeq were generally measured at four distances (up to 400 m from the road) and at two different heights (2 m and 5 m above the ground). An additional measuring point located immediately next to the road and at a height of 5 m provided a reference level used to eliminate variations in road noise emission when processing the measurement results. 3.2 Meteorological and acoustic characterisation of samples The space was split into a succession of directions in 20 degree steps. For each 10 minutes sample and each azimuth, the vertical gradient of the sound speed at 6 m above the ground was calculated from the meteorological data collected. Three categories of propagation conditions: "favourable" (F), "homogeneous" (H) and "unfavourable" (U) were defined below and above sound speed gradient values generally set equal to ± s -1. Therefore, a set of propagation conditions F, H or U was associated with each 10 minutes sample according to the directions of the space such as the example shown in Table 1. azimuth (degrees) conditions F F H U U U U U Table 1: example of weather characterisation of a sample. For each 10 minutes sample, there was also a corresponding L Aeq level at each receiver. In order to rule out traffic variation, the study only took into consideration the attenuation A between the reference point and each of the other points.
3 3.3 Comparison of measurement and calculation results As it is not possible experimentally to measure a long term sound level, the objective of the study was to validate (1) the calculation method in "pure" conditions i.e. identical (favourable or homogeneous) in all directions and (2) the calculation method of the long term level. As the trends observed on each site are generally the same for the three types of conditions, only the process and the results regarding the long term level are presented hereafter. The checking was based on data corresponding to complete intervals 6h - 22h or 22h - 6h, called "medium term periods". For each medium term period, the measured attenuation A MT (exp) was compared with the value A LT (calc) calculated by NMPB using the actual occurrences during the period p(exp) in each azimuth. 10 to 15 periods were selected for each site in order to corroborate the results from a statistical standpoint. Each simulation was undertaken by two different operators on two software programs applying NMPB. 4. Results The differences are shown in the form δ = A MT (exp) - A LT (calc). A positive value of δ means that the model overestimates the sound level at the receiver. Since the principle of NMPB overestimates deliberately the noise levels in conditions unfavourable to propagation, the comparison only deals with the periods in which favourable conditions occur at least 20 % of the time in at least 5 sectors of 20 degrees. The results are classified so as to distinguish as best as possible the different physical effects. The averages and the standard deviations are calculated over the results of the two software programs, i.e. twice the number of periods. It should be noted that the provisional results presented in [3] have been revised and are no longer valid. 4.1 Ground effect The relevance of the formulae for ground effect can be checked on sites B (receivers R3 to - Figure 1 left) and F (all receivers except - Figure 1 right). 10m R3 16m 59m 108m R3 3m 13m 75m 150m 225m 300m 45m 90m 180m 270m Figure 1: Cross section views of sites B (left) and F (right); the microphones are 2 m and 5 m above the ground. Tables 2 and 3 show the results respectively for sites B and F. The calculation on site B is satisfactory overall, though a little low at the intermediate receivers and. R3 Average of δ db(a) Standard deviation of δ db(a) Table 2: Site B - Results corresponding for each receiver to 8 medium term periods.
4 R3 * Average of δ db(a) Standard deviation of δ db(a) Table 3: Site F - Results corresponding to 10 medium term periods (*except : 6 periods). On site F, the microphones line was located along a rather high corn field which was probably more absorbing than the bare ground considered by NMPB. Additional short duration measurement results lead to consider that 1 to 1.5 db(a) of the overestimation at the far receivers ( to ) was due to the presence of the corn field disregarded by the model. Bearing this in mind, the calculation of the ground effect is deemed satisfactory on site F as well. 4.2 Diffraction by a vertical barrier Only site E includes a barrier (Figure 2). Its overall height (4.5 m) lowers by far the influence of the ground effect. 2.5m 2m R3 6m 12.7m 100m 150m 200m Figure 2: Cross section view of site E; the microphones are 2 m and 5 m above the ground. R3 * Average of δ db(a) Standard deviation of δ db(a) Table 4: Site E - Results corresponding to 6 medium term periods (*except : 5 periods). The averages (Table 4) are satisfactory overall. The rather high standard deviations are partly due to one specific period. If this period is ruled out from the sample, the standard deviation drops at 1.5 db(a) at R3 and lower than 1.1 db(a) at the other receivers. 4.3 Diffraction by a horizontal platform Configurations where receivers are located below the road platform level are met on sites B ( and - Figure 1 left) and C (all receivers - Figure 3). on viaduct 16m 24m 32m 265m 22m 115m R3 Figure 3: Perspective view of site C; the microphones are 2 m and 5 m above the ground.
5 On both sites, the ground effect can be considered as negligible and the calculation result is only governed by the diffraction on the edge of the platform. The noise levels in such a configuration are overestimated by far (Table 5). On site C, the results of the two software programs differ by at least 1 db(a) for 61 % of the calculations, and by at least 2 db(a) for 7 % of the calculations. However this is not enough to explain the high standard deviations observed. Site B Site C R3 * * Average of δ db(a) Standard deviation of δ db(a) Table 5: Sites B and C - Results corresponding to 8 medium term periods on site B and 9 medium term periods on site C (*except : 8 periods and : 7 periods) 4.4 Trench roads Sites A (Figure 4 left) and D (Figure 4 right) include a trench road. Here both the ground effect and diffraction govern the differences between calculations and measurements. 2m R3 16,6m 50m 100m 200m 400m 0 350m R9 200m 100m 50m Figure 4: Cross section views of sites A (left) and D (right); microphones are 2 m and 5 m above the ground. On site A (Table 6), the average differences are a bit high, mainly at receivers located 5 m high. One of the five medium term periods analysed shows atypical phenomena; when ruled out from the sample, both the averages and the standard deviations drop by more than 1 db(a) for most receivers. R3 Average of δ db(a) Standard deviation of δ db(a) Table 6: Site A - Results corresponding to 5 medium term periods. On site D, a checking using a theoretical model [4] showed that the reflection of the sound on the cutting slope, disregarded by NMPB, causes an increase by about 1.5 db(a) at the reference microphone, whereas the noise levels at the other receivers are not affected by the reflection. Therefore the noise level at cannot hold the intended function of reference. It was decided to compare exceptionally on this site the measured and calculated noise levels, instead of the attenuations. + + R3 + +R9 0 Distance - Height (m) Number of periods Average of L db(a) Std deviation of L db(a) m 50m R3 100m Table 7: Site D - Receivers of both sides of road are put together according to their location. 200m
6 Table 7 shows the results regarding the differences L = L LT (calc) - L MT (exp), putting together the receivers of both the northern and southern sides according to their position. A positive value means that the calculation overestimates the noise level. The average at the reference microphone confirms the error of 1.5 db(a) by NMPB due to the reflection on the slope. It is therefore relevant to carry out the comparison with the absolute noise levels. At 0, the model overestimates the noise level, but the measured LAeq was rather low - about 45 db(a) - thus very sensitive to background noise. At the other receivers, the average differences remain in an acceptable range. 5. Conclusion and outlook for NMPB NMPB is meant for assessing the noise impact of a road in all usual situations (distance, topography, kind of ground). On such sites the effect of weather conditions on sound propagation varies much with time and space, but such a model can only account for it roughly. Expecting an accuracy better than 2 db(a) would be therefore unrealistic. In addition, as far as the observance of mandatory noise level thresholds is concerned, a slight overestimation is better than an underestimation. The calculations of the ground effect and the diffraction by a barrier or a road cutting ridge are consequently deemed satisfactory. On the contrary, when the sound is diffracted by the edge of a horizontal platform, the noise levels at the receiver can be overestimated by 3 to 5 db(a). The first improvement studied consists in lowering the equivalent source height from 50 to 5 cm, since the latter fits better the real sources [5]. However this change questions the relevance of the formula for ground effect in favourable conditions, derived from ISO and unsuitable for so low sources. Studies are in progress as well in order to include the reflection on a road cutting slope and the effect of small barriers, disregarded by the present version of NMPB. This work is presented in [4]. Acknowledgements The measurement campaign and the data processing were carried out by the LRPC (regional laboratories of LCPC) of Angers, Blois, Clermont-Ferrand, Lille, and Strasbourg. erences 1. "Bruit des infrastructures routières - Méthode de calcul incluant les effets météorologiques (NMPB-Routes-96)", CERTU - CSTB - LCPC - SETRA (1997). ("Noise of road infrastructures - Calculation method including meteorological effects"; in French). 2. Y. GABILLET et al., "Comparison of two methods for predicting traffic noise", Proceedings Inter-noise 96 (Liverpool), pp F. BESNARD et al., "Traffic noise prediction method taking into account weather conditions: a validation measurement campaign", Proc. Inter-noise 99, pp J. DEFRANCE et al., "Validation and evolution of the road traffic noise prediction model NMPB-96 - Part 2: Improvements based on theoretical models", Proc. Inter-noise J.F. HAMET et al., "Acoustic modelling of road vehicles for traffic noise prediction: Determination of the source heights", Proc. of the 16th ICA, Seattle, USA (1998).
Comparison of engineering models of outdoor sound propagation: NMPB2008 and Harmonoise-Imagine
Comparison of engineering models of outdoor sound propagation: NMPB28 and Harmonoise-Imagine David Ecotiere, Cédric Foy, Guillaume Dutilleux To cite this version: David Ecotiere, Cédric Foy, Guillaume
More informationISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1996-2 Second edition 2007-03-15 Acoustics Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise Part 2: Determination of environmental noise levels Acoustique Description,
More informationHARMONOISE: NOISE PREDICTIONS AND THE NEW EUROPEAN HARMONISED PREDICTION MODEL
HARMONOISE: NOISE PREDICTIONS AND THE NEW EUROPEAN HARMONISED PREDICTION MODEL Renez Nota Hans J.A. van Leeuwen DGMR Consulting Engineers, The Hague The Netherlands DGMR Consulting Engineers, The Hague
More informationField experiment on ground-to-ground sound propagation from a directional source
Field experiment on ground-to-ground sound propagation from a directional source Toshikazu Takanashi 1 ; Shinichi Sakamoto ; Sakae Yokoyama 3 ; Hirokazu Ishii 4 1 INC Engineering Co., Ltd., Japan Institute
More informationA STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTICS AND PREDICTION METHOD OF NOISE FROM CONCRETE RAILWAY BRIDGE
11 th International Conference on Vibration Problems Z. Dimitrovová et al. (eds.) Lisbon, Portugal, 9-12 September 2013 A STUDY ON THE CHARACTERISTICS AND PREDICTION METHOD OF NOISE FROM CONCRETE RAILWAY
More informationBASELINE NOISE MONITORING SURVEY
t m s environment ltd TMS Environment Ltd 53 Broomhill Drive Tallaght Dublin 24 Phone: +353-1-4626710 Fax: +353-1-4626714 Web: www.tmsenv.ie BASELINE NOISE MONITORING SURVEY UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN Report
More informationPre-Construction Sound Study. Velco Jay Substation DRAFT. January 2011 D A T A AN AL Y S IS S OL U T I ON S
Pre-Construction Sound Study Substation DRAFT January 2011 D A T A AN AL Y S IS S OL U T I ON S TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION...1 2.0 SOUND LEVEL MONITORING...1 3.0 SOUND MODELING...4 3.1 Modeling
More informationStatistical properties of urban noise results of a long term monitoring program
Statistical properties of urban noise results of a long term monitoring program ABSTRACT Jonathan Song (1), Valeri V. Lenchine (1) (1) Science & Information Division, SA Environment Protection Authority,
More informationField noise measurement in the huge industrial plants for accurate prediction
Field noise measurement in the huge industrial plants for accurate prediction Takahiro HIDA 1 1 JGC Corporation, Japan ABSTRACT Proper noise controls of the industrial plants based on accurate noise prediction
More informationAERODYNAMIC NOISE RADIATED BY THE INTERCOACH SPACING AND THE BOGIE OF A HIGH-SPEED TRAIN
Journal of Sound and
More informationAn automatic method to detect defaults in the measurement chain of a sound level meter, used for unattended noise measurements
An automatic method to detect defaults in the measurement chain of a sound level meter, used for unattended noise measurements E. Aflalo a, F. Dupont a, P. Cellard b and J.-N. Durocher b a 01dB-Metravib,
More informationPerformance of Roadside Sound Barriers with Sound Absorbing Edges
Performance of Roadside Sound Barriers with Sound Absorbing Edges Diffracted Path Transmitted Path Interference Source Luc Mongeau, Sanghoon Suh, and J. Stuart Bolton School of Mechanical Engineering,
More informationPERMANENT AND SEMI-PERMANENT NOISE MONITORING - FIRST RESULTS IN THE CITY OF NIS
PERMANENT AND SEMI-PERMANENT NOISE MONITORING - FIRST RESULTS IN THE CITY OF NIS Momir Prašćević 1, Darko Mihajlov 2, Dragan Cvetković 3 1 University of Nis, Faculty of Occupational Safety, Serbia, momir.prascevic@znrfak.ni.ac.rs
More informationREPORT PERIOD: JANUARY 01 MARCH
QUARTERLY NOISE MONITORING REPORT FOR EAST GALWAY LANDFILL REPORT PERIOD: JANUARY 01 MARCH 31 2018 IE LICENCE REF. NO. W0178-02 APRIL 2018 QUARTERLY NOISE MONITORING REPORT FOR EAST GALWAY LANDFILL REPORT
More informationSOFTWARE FOR CALCULATION OF NOISE MAPS IMPLEMENTED ON SUPERCOMPUTER ANDRZEJ CZYŻEWSKI AND MACIEJ SZCZODRAK
TASK QUARTERLY 13 No 4, 363 377 SOFTWARE FOR CALCULATION OF NOISE MAPS IMPLEMENTED ON SUPERCOMPUTER ANDRZEJ CZYŻEWSKI AND MACIEJ SZCZODRAK Multimedia Systems Department, Gdansk University of Technology,
More informationREPORT. Revision of Nordtest Methods NT ACOU 039 and ACOU 056 for Measuring Noise from Road Traffic Client: Nordtest. Revised 15 March 2001
Page 1 of 25 REPORT DELTA Danish Electronics, Light & Acoustics Building 356 Akademivej DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark Revision of Nordtest Methods NT ACOU 039 and ACOU 056 for Measuring Noise from Road Traffic
More informationAn experimental evaluation of a new approach to aircraft noise modelling
An experimental evaluation of a new approach to aircraft noise modelling F. De Roo and E. Salomons TNO Science and Industry, Stieljesweg 1, 2628CK Delft, Netherlands foort.deroo@tno.nl 903 Common engineering
More informationAssessment of rail noise based on generic shape of the pass-by time history
Proceedings of Acoustics 23 Victor Harbor 7-2 November 23, Victor Harbor, Australia Assessment of rail noise based on generic shape of the pass-by time history Valeri V. enchine, Jonathan Song Science
More informationSound Reflection from a Motorway Barrier
Auckland Christchurch Kuala Lumpur Melbourne Sydney Wellington www.marshallday.com Sound Reflection from a Motorway Barrier Christopher W Day Paper revised June 2005 chrisday@marshallday.co.nz Abstract
More informationInvestigation of Noise Spectrum Characteristics for an Evaluation of Railway Noise Barriers
IJR International Journal of Railway Vol. 6, No. 3 / September 2013, pp. 125-130 ISSN 1976-9067(Print) ISSN 2288-3010(Online) Investigation of Noise Spectrum Characteristics for an Evaluation of Railway
More informationA comparing overview on ECAC Doc.29 3 rd Edition and the new German AzB
A comparing overview on ECAC Doc.29 3 rd Edition and the new German AzB Dr. Ullrich Isermann German Aerospace Center DLR Institute of Aerodynamics und Flow Technology JRC Workshop on Aircraft Noise, Brussels,
More informationNOISE IMPACT ASSESSMENT 2016
Panther Environmental Solutions Ltd, Unit 4, Innovation Centre, Institute of Technology, Green Road, Carlow, Ireland. Mobile: 087-8519284 Telephone /Fax: 059-9134222 Email: info@pantherwms.com Website:
More informationinter.noise 2000 The 29th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering August 2000, Nice, FRANCE
1 inter.noise 2000 The 29th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering 27-30 August 2000, Nice, FRANCE I-INCE Classification: 7.1 GROUND NOISE MONITORING SYSTEM AT NARITA AIRPORT
More informationJOHANN CATTY CETIM, 52 Avenue Félix Louat, Senlis Cedex, France. What is the effect of operating conditions on the result of the testing?
ACOUSTIC EMISSION TESTING - DEFINING A NEW STANDARD OF ACOUSTIC EMISSION TESTING FOR PRESSURE VESSELS Part 2: Performance analysis of different configurations of real case testing and recommendations for
More informationWhisstone, a sound diffractor: does it really affect traffic noise?
Whisstone, a sound diffractor: does it really affect traffic noise? J. Hooghwerff W.J. van der Heijden H.F. Reinink M+P Consulting Engineers, Vught, the Netherlands. Y.H. Wijnant Faculty of Engineering
More informationECMA-108. Measurement of Highfrequency. emitted by Information Technology and Telecommunications Equipment. 4 th Edition / December 2008
ECMA-108 4 th Edition / December 2008 Measurement of Highfrequency Noise emitted by Information Technology and Telecommunications Equipment COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT Ecma International 2008 Standard
More informationIndustrial sound source localization using microphone arrays under difficult meteorological conditions
Industrial sound source localization using microphone arrays under difficult meteorological conditions Dick BOTTELDOOREN 1, Timothy VAN RENTERGHEM 2, Frits VAN DER EERDEN 3, Peter WESSELS 4, Tom BASTEN
More informationECC Recommendation (16)04
ECC Recommendation (16)04 Determination of the radiated power from FM sound broadcasting stations through field strength measurements in the frequency band 87.5 to 108 MHz Approved 17 October 2016 Edition
More informationRec. ITU-R P RECOMMENDATION ITU-R P PROPAGATION BY DIFFRACTION. (Question ITU-R 202/3)
Rec. ITU-R P.- 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R P.- PROPAGATION BY DIFFRACTION (Question ITU-R 0/) Rec. ITU-R P.- (1-1-1-1-1-1-1) The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that there is a need to provide
More informationInvestigation of VHF signals in bands I and II in southern India and model comparisons
Indian Journal of Radio & Space Physics Vol. 35, June 2006, pp. 198-205 Investigation of VHF signals in bands I and II in southern India and model comparisons M V S N Prasad 1, T Rama Rao 2, Iqbal Ahmad
More informationProblems with the INM: Part 2 Atmospheric Attenuation
Proceedings of ACOUSTICS 2006 20-22 November 2006, Christchurch, New Zealand Problems with the INM: Part 2 Atmospheric Attenuation Steven Cooper, John Maung The Acoustic Group, Sydney, Australia ABSTRACT
More informationApplication of classical two-ray and other models for coverage predictions of rural mobile communications over various zones of India
Indian Journal of Radio & Space Physics Vol. 36, October 2007, pp. 423-429 Application of classical two-ray and other models for coverage predictions of rural mobile communications over various zones of
More informationTrials of a mobile MLS technique for characterising road surface absorption. Abstract
The 2001 International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering The Hague, The Netherlands, 2001 August 27-30 Trials of a mobile MLS technique for characterising road surface absorption P A
More informationElectricity Supply to Africa and Developing Economies. Challenges and opportunities. Planning for the future in uncertain times
Electricity Supply to Africa and Developing Economies. Challenges and opportunities. Planning for the future in uncertain times 765 kv Substation Acoustic Noise Impact Study by Predictive Software and
More informationTechnical support in the implementation of the Environmental noise directive 2002/49/EU
Technical support in the implementation of the Environmental noise directive 2002/49/EU General In accordance with EU purchase order 070307/2013/673823/F3 Stapelfeldt Ingenieurgesellschaft mbh, Dortmund
More informationBasic noise maps calculation in Milan pilot area
Basic noise maps calculation in Milan pilot area Simone RADAELLI 1 ; Paola COPPI 2 1 AMAT Srl Agenzia Mobilità Ambiente e Territorio Milano, Italy 2 AMAT Srl Agenzia Mobilità Ambiente e Territorio Milano,
More informationA Terrestrial Multiple-Receiver Radio Link Experiment at 10.7 GHz - Comparisons of Results with Parabolic Equation Calculations
RADIOENGINEERING, VOL. 19, NO. 1, APRIL 2010 117 A Terrestrial Multiple-Receiver Radio Link Experiment at 10.7 GHz - Comparisons of Results with Parabolic Equation Calculations Pavel VALTR 1, Pavel PECHAC
More informationCOUNCIL OF EUROPE COMMITTEE OF MINISTERS. RECOMMENDATION No. R (89) 5 OF THE COMMITTEE OF MINISTERS TO MEMBER STATES
COUNCIL OF EUROPE COMMITTEE OF MINISTERS RECOMMENDATION No. R (89) 5 OF THE COMMITTEE OF MINISTERS TO MEMBER STATES CONCERNING THE PROTECTION AND ENHANCEMENT OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL HERITAGE IN THE CONTEXT
More informationAIRPORT MULTIPATH SIMULATION AND MEASUREMENT TOOL FOR SITING DGPS REFERENCE STATIONS
AIRPORT MULTIPATH SIMULATION AND MEASUREMENT TOOL FOR SITING DGPS REFERENCE STATIONS ABSTRACT Christophe MACABIAU, Benoît ROTURIER CNS Research Laboratory of the ENAC, ENAC, 7 avenue Edouard Belin, BP
More informationFINAL REPORT. On Project Supplemental Guidance on the Application of FHWA s Traffic Noise Model (TNM) APPENDIX K Parallel Barriers
FINAL REPORT On Project - Supplemental Guidance on the Application of FHWA s Traffic Noise Model (TNM) APPENDIX K Parallel Barriers Prepared for: National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Transportation
More informationPRACTICAL METHODOLOGY FOR FAST ENVIRONMENTAL FIELD MEASUREMENTS
PRACTICAL METHODOLOGY FOR FAST ENVIRONMENTAL FIELD MEASUREMENTS PACS REFERENCE: 43.50.Sr Rodrigues, Rui M. G. C.; Carvalho, António P. O. University of Porto, Faculty of Engineering, Laboratory of Acoustics,
More informationUPDATE OF THE SWISS SOURCE MODEL FOR ROAD TRAFFIC NOISE
UPDATE OF THE SWISS SOURCE MODEL FOR ROAD TRAFFIC NOISE Francois-Edern ABALLEA, Hervé LISSEK, Stephan Utz Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ELB Station, 05 Lausanne, Switzerland francois.aballea@epfl.ch,
More informationVIBROACOUSTIC MEASURMENT FOR BEARING FAULT DETECTION ON HIGH SPEED TRAINS
VIBROACOUSTIC MEASURMENT FOR BEARING FAULT DETECTION ON HIGH SPEED TRAINS S. BELLAJ (1), A.POUZET (2), C.MELLET (3), R.VIONNET (4), D.CHAVANCE (5) (1) SNCF, Test Department, 21 Avenue du Président Salvador
More informationinter.noise 2000 The 29th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering August 2000, Nice, FRANCE
Copyright SFA - InterNoise 2000 1 inter.noise 2000 The 29th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering 27-30 August 2000, Nice, FRANCE I-INCE Classification: 5.2 NOISE FROM AMUSEMENT
More informationBuilding Optimal Statistical Models with the Parabolic Equation Method
PIERS ONLINE, VOL. 3, NO. 4, 2007 526 Building Optimal Statistical Models with the Parabolic Equation Method M. Le Palud CREC St-Cyr Telecommunications Department (LESTP), Guer, France Abstract In this
More informationBickerdike Allen Partners
25 CHURCH ROAD, SE19 ENTERTAINMENT NOISE ASSESSMENT Report to Kayode Falebita Kingsway International Christian Centre 3 Hancock Road Bromley-By-Bow London E3 3DA A9540/R01-A-HT 26/07/2012 CONTENTS Page
More informationsensors ISSN
Sensors 2008, 8, 7783-7791; DOI: 10.3390/s8127782 Article OPEN ACCESS sensors ISSN 1424-8220 www.mdpi.com/journal/sensors Field Calibration of Wind Direction Sensor to the True North and Its Application
More informationinter.noise 2000 The 29th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering August 2000, Nice, FRANCE
Copyright SFA - InterNoise 2000 1 inter.noise 2000 The 29th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering 27-30 August 2000, Nice, FRANCE I-INCE Classification: 7.2 MICROPHONE ARRAY
More informationOrora Pty Ltd. B9 Paper Mill EPL Compliance Quarterly noise monitoring report. 11 August Doc no QM-RP-1-0
Orora Pty Ltd B9 Paper Mill EPL Compliance Quarterly noise monitoring report 11 August 16 Doc no. 102-QM-RP-1-0 Orora Pty Ltd B9 Paper Mill - EPL Compliance Title Document no. Quarterly noise monitoring
More informationFrom concert halls to noise barriers : attenuation from interference gratings
From concert halls to noise barriers : attenuation from interference gratings Davies, WJ Title Authors Type URL Published Date 22 From concert halls to noise barriers : attenuation from interference gratings
More informationIS INTERNATIONAL STANDARD. Acoustics - Attenuation of sound during propagation outdoors - Part 2: General method of calculation
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 9613-2 First edition 1996-I 2-l 5 Acoustics - Attenuation of sound during propagation outdoors - Part 2: General method of calculation Acoustique -Attenuation du son lors de
More informationANNEX TO NPL CERTIFICATE FOR LOG-PERIODIC DIPOLE ARRAY ANTENNAS
ANNEX TO NP CERTIICATE OR OG-PERIODIC DIPOE ARRAY ANTENNAS Antenna actor The antenna factors are valid for any separation distance from the source exceeding one wavelength. or distances less than 10 m,
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R F.1402*, **
Rec. ITU-R F.1402 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R F.1402*, ** FREQUENCY SHARING CRITERIA BETWEEN A LAND MOBILE WIRELESS ACCESS SYSTEM AND A FIXED WIRELESS ACCESS SYSTEM USING THE SAME EQUIPMENT TYPE AS THE MOBILE
More informationOffaly County Council
Derryclure Landfill Facility, Derryclure, Co. Offaly Annual Monitoring Report Waste Licence Reg. No. W0029-04 Report Date: th October 15 Fitz Scientific Unit 35A, Boyne Business Park, Drogheda, Co. Louth
More informationInternational Journal of Technical Research and Applications e-issn: , Volume 3, Issue 4 (July-August 2015), PP.
www.ijtra.com Volume 3, Issue 4 (July-August 2015, PP. 97-105 THE EFFECT OF BUILDINGS ORGANIZATION ON TRAFFIC NOISE PROPAGATION IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT Dr. Hanan Al Jumaily Associated professor, Architectural
More informationDEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ATTENUATION CORRECTION ALGORITHM FOR CASA OFF THE GRID X-BAND RADAR
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN ATTENUATION CORRECTION ALGORITHM FOR CASA OFF THE GRID X-BAND RADAR S98 NETWORK Keyla M. Mora 1, Leyda León 1, Sandra Cruz-Pol 1 University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez
More informationAssessing the accuracy of directional real-time noise monitoring systems
Proceedings of ACOUSTICS 2016 9-11 November 2016, Brisbane, Australia Assessing the accuracy of directional real-time noise monitoring systems Jesse Tribby 1 1 Global Acoustics Pty Ltd, Thornton, NSW,
More informationEnvironmental Noise Propagation
Environmental Noise Propagation How loud is a 1-ton truck? That depends very much on how far away you are, and whether you are in front of a barrier or behind it. Many other factors affect the noise level,
More informationBias correction of satellite data at ECMWF. T. Auligne, A. McNally, D. Dee. European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast
Bias correction of satellite data at ECMWF T. Auligne, A. McNally, D. Dee European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast 1. Introduction The Variational Bias Correction (VarBC) is an adaptive bias correction
More informationFurther Comparison of Traffic Noise Predictions Using the CadnaA and SoundPLAN Noise Prediction Models
Proceedings of 20 th International Congress on Acoustics, ICA 2010 23-27 August 2010, Sydney, Australia Further Comparison of Traffic Noise Predictions Using the CadnaA and SoundPLAN Noise Prediction Models
More informationNoise monitoring during drilling operations Lower Stumble Well Site Balcombe, West Sussex
Noise monitoring during drilling operations Lower Stumble Well Site Balcombe, West Sussex Report ref. PJ3159/13181 Date August 13 Issued to Cuadrilla Resources Limited Issued by Peter Jackson MSc MIOA
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R M * Definition of availability for radiocommunication circuits in the mobile-satellite service
Rec. ITU-R M.828-2 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R M.828-2 * Definition of availability for radiocommunication circuits in the mobile-satellite service (Question ITU-R 85/8) (1992-1994-2006) Scope This Recommendation
More informationAIRCRAFT NOISE PREDICTION IN THE IESTA PROGRAM
AIRCRAFT NOISE PREDICTION IN THE IESTA PROGRAM P. Malbéqui, Y. Rozenberg and J. Bulté ONERA, BP-72, 29 avenue de la Division Leclerc, 92322 Châtillon Cedex, France ABSTRACT The aim of the IESTA program
More informationA method to calculate ambient aircraft background noise
UNCLASSIFIED Nationaal Lucht- en Ruimtevaartlaboratorium National Aerospace Laboratory NLR Executive summary A method to calculate ambient aircraft background noise Problem area Noise limits in the Netherlands
More informationACOUSTIC BARRIER FOR TRANSFORMER NOISE. Ruisen Ming. SVT Engineering Consultants, Leederville, WA 6007, Australia
ICSV14 Cairns Australia 9-12 July, 2007 ACOUSTIC BARRIER FOR TRANSFORMER NOISE Ruisen Ming SVT Engineering Consultants, Leederville, WA 6007, Australia Roy.Ming@svt.com.au Abstract In this paper, an acoustic
More informationUniversity of York Heslington East Campus Details of Noise Modelling and Noise Survey. Report ref AAc/ /R01
Heslington East Campus Details of Noise Modelling and Noise Survey Report ref Heslington East Campus Details of Noise Modelling and Noise Survey January 2008 Arup Acoustics Admiral House, Rose Wharf, 78
More informationarxiv: v1 [math.ho] 19 Mar 2008
VALIDATION OF A MODEL OF THE DOMINO EFFECT? RON LARHAM* arxiv:0803.2898v1 [math.ho] 19 Mar 2008 Abstract. A recent paper proposing a model of the limiting speed of the domino effect is discussed with reference
More informationECMA-108. Measurement of Highfrequency. emitted by Information Technology and Telecommunications Equipment. 5 th Edition / December 2010
ECMA-108 5 th Edition / December 2010 Measurement of Highfrequency Noise emitted by Information Technology and Telecommunications Equipment Reference number ECMA-123:2009 Ecma International 2009 COPYRIGHT
More informationTECHNICAL REPORT 2016 IEL ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE SURVEY OF THE DAIRYGOLD CASTLEFARM FACILITY, MITCHELSTOWN, CO. CORK.
TECHNICAL REPORT 16 IEL ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE SURVEY OF THE DAIRYGOLD CASTLEFARM FACILITY, MITCHELSTOWN, CO. CORK. FOR Gabriel Kelly Group Environmental Manager Dairygold Food ingredients Castlefarm Mitchelstown
More informationTechnical Note. Noise reducing properties of crash barriers. Performed for WillumTech. AV 1217/11 Project no.: A Page 1 of 19 incl.
Technical Note Noise reducing properties of crash barriers Performed for WillumTech Project no.: A581500 Page 1 of 19 incl. 1 annex 6 October 2011 DELTA Venlighedsvej 4 2970 Hørsholm Denmark Tel. +45 72
More informationDTT COVERAGE PREDICTIONS AND MEASUREMENT
DTT COVERAGE PREDICTIONS AND MEASUREMENT I. R. Pullen Introduction Digital terrestrial television services began in the UK in November 1998. Unlike previous analogue services, the planning of digital television
More informationPRIMARY LOOP ACOUSTIC EMISSION PROCEDURE: AN UPGRADED METHOD AND ITS CONSEQUENCES ON THE IN-SERVICE-INSPECTION
PRIMARY LOOP ACOUSTIC EMISSION PROCEDURE: AN UPGRADED METHOD AND ITS CONSEQUENCES ON THE IN-SERVICE-INSPECTION Laurent Truchetti, Yann Forestier, Marc Beaumont EDF CEIDRE, EDF Nuclear Engineering Division;
More informationTank experiments of sound propagation over a tilted bottom: Comparison with a 3-D PE model
Tank experiments of sound propagation over a tilted bottom: Comparison with a 3-D PE model A. Korakas a, F. Sturm a, J.-P. Sessarego b and D. Ferrand c a Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d Acoustique
More informationPERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF OPTICAL MODULATION IN UNDERWATER SLANT TRANSMISSION. Received July 2012; revised December 2012
International Journal of Innovative Computing, Information and Control ICIC International c 2013 ISSN 1349-4198 Volume 9, Number 9, September 2013 pp. 3799 3805 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF OPTICAL MODULATION
More informationAshton Coal. Environmental Noise Monitoring May Prepared for Ashton Coal Operations Pty Ltd
Ashton Coal Environmental Noise Monitoring May 2018 Prepared for Ashton Coal Operations Pty Ltd Page i Ashton Coal Environmental Noise Monitoring May 2018 Reference: Report date: 5 June 2018 Prepared for
More informationCORRELATION FOR MULTI-FREQUENCY PROPAGA- TION IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS. 3 Place du Levant, Louvain-la-Neuve 1348, Belgium
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 29, 151 156, 2012 CORRELATION FOR MULTI-FREQUENCY PROPAGA- TION IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS B. Van Laethem 1, F. Quitin 1, 2, F. Bellens 1, 3, C. Oestges 2,
More informationEnvironment Protection Authority (EPA), Industrial Noise Policy (INP) 2000;
10 October 2017 Suite 6, Level 1,, 146 Hunter Street Newcastle NSW 2300 PO Box 506 Pere Riini Quarry Manager Hanson Construction Materials Pty Ltd Level 5, 75 George Street Parramatta, NSW 2150 Newcastle,
More informationOperational Radar Refractivity Retrieval for Numerical Weather Prediction
Weather Radar and Hydrology (Proceedings of a symposium held in Exeter, UK, April 2011) (IAHS Publ. 3XX, 2011). 1 Operational Radar Refractivity Retrieval for Numerical Weather Prediction J. C. NICOL 1,
More informationTHE CASE FOR SPECTRAL BASELINE NOISE MONITORING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE ASSESSMENT.
ICSV14 Cairns Australia 9-12 July, 2007 THE CASE FOR SPECTRAL BASELINE NOISE MONITORING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE ASSESSMENT Michael Caley 1 and John Savery 2 1 Senior Consultant, Savery & Associates Pty
More informationABSTRACT. Introduction
THE LOW COST MICROWAVE RAIN SENSOR: STATE CERTIFICATION AND IMPLEMENTATION ON THE OBSERVATIONAL NET. A.V.Koldaev, A.I.Gusev, D.A.Konovalov. Central Aerological Observatory, Federal Service of Russia for
More informationThe European Qualification System For Road Traffic Noise Reducing Devices
paper ID: 117-OL/p.1 The European Qualification ystem For Road Traffic Noise Reducing Devices assimo Garai a and Jean-Pierre Clairbois b a DIENCA - University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, I-40136
More informationCALGA SAND QUARRY ATTENDED COMPLIANCE NOISE MONITORING 12 APRIL 2017 REPORT NO E VERSION A APRIL 2017 PREPARED FOR
ATTENDED COMPLIANCE NOISE MONITORING 12 APRIL 2017 REPORT NO. 01127-E VERSION A APRIL 2017 PREPARED FOR HANSON CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS PTY LTD LOT 151 PEATS RIDGE ROAD CALGA NSW 2250 DOCUMENT CONTROL Version
More informationAccounting for traffic dynamics. improves noise assessment: experimental evidence
Accounting for traffic dynamics improves noise assessment: experimental evidence Arnaud Can, Université de Lyon, ENTPE / INRETS, Laboratoire d Ingénierie Circulation Transport (LICIT), France. Tel : +33
More informationWORKSHOP ON BASIC RESEARCH: POLICY RELEVANT DEFINITIONS AND MEASUREMENT ISSUES PAPER. Holmenkollen Park Hotel, Oslo, Norway October 2001
WORKSHOP ON BASIC RESEARCH: POLICY RELEVANT DEFINITIONS AND MEASUREMENT ISSUES PAPER Holmenkollen Park Hotel, Oslo, Norway 29-30 October 2001 Background 1. In their conclusions to the CSTP (Committee for
More informationEnvironmental noise mapping study for heterogeneous traffic conditions
Proceedings of 20 th International Congress on Acoustics, ICA 2010 23-27 August 2010, Sydney, Australia Environmental noise mapping study for heterogeneous traffic conditions R.Kalaiselvi (1), and A.Ramachandraiah
More informationUniversity of Tennessee at. Chattanooga
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Step Response Engineering 329 By Gold Team: Jason Price Jered Swartz Simon Ionashku 2-3- 2 INTRODUCTION: The purpose of the experiments was to investigate and understand
More informationinter.noise 2000 The 29th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering August 2000, Nice, FRANCE
Copyright SFA - InterNoise 2000 1 inter.noise 2000 The 29th International Congress and Exhibition on Noise Control Engineering 27-30 August 2000, Nice, FRANCE I-INCE Classification: 4.1 INVESTIGATIONS
More informationFundamentals of Environmental Noise Monitoring CENAC
Fundamentals of Environmental Noise Monitoring CENAC Dr. Colin Novak Akoustik Engineering Limited April 03, 2013 Akoustik Engineering Limited Akoustik Engineering Limited is the sales and technical representative
More informationOrora Pty Ltd. B9 Paper Mill EPL Compliance Quarterly noise monitoring report. 20 June Doc no QM-RP-4-0
Orora Pty Ltd B9 Paper Mill EPL Compliance Quarterly noise monitoring report 20 June 2017 Doc no. 102-QM-RP-4-0 Orora Pty Ltd B9 Paper Mill - EPL Compliance Title Document no. Quarterly noise monitoring
More informationScaled Laboratory Experiments of Shallow Water Acoustic Propagation
Scaled Laboratory Experiments of Shallow Water Acoustic Propagation Panagiotis Papadakis, Michael Taroudakis FORTH/IACM, P.O.Box 1527, 711 10 Heraklion, Crete, Greece e-mail: taroud@iacm.forth.gr Patrick
More informationW For inspection purposes only. This report shall not be reproduced except in full, without the approval of BnM Environmental.
ANNUAL MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE AT THE BORD NA MóNA KILBERRY COMPOST FACILITY IN COMPLIANCE WITH IED LICENCE, NO. W0198-01 For the Attention of: Site Work & Report Prepared by: Anua File Ref:
More informationPipeline Blowdown Noise Levels
Pipeline Blowdown Noise Levels James Boland 1, Henrik Malker 2, Benjamin Hinze 3 1 SLR Consulting, Acoustics and Vibration, Brisbane, Australia 2 Atkins Global, Acoustics, London, United Kingdom 3 SLR
More informationLIFE DYNAMAP: an overview of the project after two years working
LIFE DYNAMAP: an overview of the project after two years working Patrizia BELLUCCI 1 ; Laura PERUZZI 1 ; Giovanni ZAMBON 2 1 Anas S.p.A., Road Research Centre, Italy 2 University of Milan Bicocca, Italy
More informationA low-budget road traffic noise model for individual building evaluation - a case study in Western Australia
A low-budget road traffic noise model for individual building evaluation - a case study in Western Australia Martin Felder 1 ; Marion Burgess 2 ; Jörg Arnold 3 1 Gebäudeanayse Martin Felder, Switzerland
More informationThe spatial structure of an acoustic wave propagating through a layer with high sound speed gradient
The spatial structure of an acoustic wave propagating through a layer with high sound speed gradient Alex ZINOVIEV 1 ; David W. BARTEL 2 1,2 Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Australia ABSTRACT
More informationThe criterion of noise attenuation by hedges
The criterion of noise attenuation by hedges C.-F. Fang Department of Landscape Design and Management, National Chin-Yi Institute of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan 411, R.O.C Abstract This investigation
More informationPERFORMANCE OF A NEW MEMS MEASUREMENT MICROPHONE AND ITS POTENTIAL APPLICATION
PERFORMANCE OF A NEW MEMS MEASUREMENT MICROPHONE AND ITS POTENTIAL APPLICATION R Barham M Goldsmith National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, UK Teddington, Middlesex, UK 1 INTRODUCTION In deciding
More informationPfizer Ireland Pharmaceuticals
Allegro Acoustics Limited, Unit 2A Riverside, Tallaght Business Park, Tallaght, Dublin 24 Tel/Fax: +33 () 1 4148 Pfizer Ireland Pharmaceuticals Pfizer Grange Castle, Grange Castle Business Park, Clondalkin,
More informationELDES / METEK Weather Radar Systems. General Description
General Description Our weather radars are designed for precipitation monitoring at both regional and urban scales. They can be advantageously used as gap fillers of existing radar networks particularly
More informationThe vibration transmission loss at junctions including a column
The vibration transmission loss at junctions including a column C. Crispin, B. Ingelaere, M. Van Damme, D. Wuyts and M. Blasco Belgian Building Research Institute, Lozenberg, 7, B-19 Sint-Stevens-Woluwe,
More information