Standardisation and Immunity Tests regarding IEMI

Transcription

1 Standardisation and Immunity Tests regarding IEMI Véronique Beauvois ULG

2 ERTMS: European Railway Traffic Management System ERTMS = Unique signalling standards throughout Europe M O D E M GSM-R Data and voice transmissions CONTROL CENTRE EUROBALISE Train detection, location information GSM-R: Global System for Mobiles-Railways European Railway radio system for voice and data communication 2

3 EM attacks: definitions IEMI: Intentional EM Interferences HPEM sources: High Power EM sources HEMP: High-altitude ElectroMagnetic Pulse Any system of emission unauthorized or not, available on public domain: Jammer, remote control, emission and amplifier components, EMP Guns.. Scope of the SECRET project Impact of these systems on the radio links involved on the railway operational Especially GSM-R transmissions 3

4 EMC Standards SECRET is concerned by jamming = intentional signal vs Railway EMC immunity standards performed on electronic equipment are based on unintentional disturbances. 4

5 EMC Standards for Railway Product Standards Railway applications. EMC product standards are EN standards, series EN x. EN Railway applications EMC Emission & Immunity of signalling and telecommunication apparatus in railway applications. EN Railway applications EMC Rolling stock Apparatus 5

6 Product Standards The weakest link for the jamming attack is the communication (GSM-R, TETRA, Eurobalise). EMC product standards are ETSI standards, series EN x for radio equipments and services. EN EN for GSM and DCS mobile equipments EN for GSM base stations EN for TETRA equipments GSM-R? with exclusion bands (vs. jamming in the useful band). 6

7 EMC Standards Immunity Standards EMC product standards are based on basic immunity standards EN x series (TC77). As we are concerned by radiated fields, EN * 80 MHz to 1 GHz 1.4 GHz to 2.7 GHz (sinusoidal) AM modulation 1 khz 80 % Level 3 V/m Exclusion bands around transceiver nominal frequency. * The other basic standards mentioned in the previously mentioned product standards concerned mainly conducted tests. 7

8 EMC Standards Immunity Standards EMC product standards are based on basic immunity standards EN x series (TC77). Only SC77C develops basic immunity standards on intentional phenomena. SC 77C : High-power transient phenomena, including IEMI (Intentional) (high power conditions = incident E fields > 100 V/m). e.g. IEC : IEMI Immunity Test Methods for Equipment and Systems (project 77C/222/CD) Annex G including jammers 8

9 GSM-R Susceptibility Measurements Tests in Lab BTS Simulator Immunity Test Setup evaluates the impact of jamming signal on GSM-R transmissions measuring RXQual Parameters: 1) Jamming waveform 2) Repetition Rate 3) GSM-R signal power level Jamming Signal Ref: S. Dudoyer, V. Deniau et al., "Study of the Susceptibility of the GSM-R Communications Face to the Electro - magnetic Interferences of the Rail Environment," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, vol.54, no.3, pp , June

10 Conclusions Today, none standard concerning the vulnerability of systems involving radio links regarding jamming signals. The vulnerability is real and jamming signals can have major consequences on the railway system. The vulnerability of the radio link is depending on the power level of the communication signal. So, how can we specify the test configuration? The time characteristics of the jamming signal impact significantly the test results. So, how can we define a reference jamming signal? Can we perform immunity tests dedicated to jamming signal?

11 Conclusions Can we perform immunity tests dedicated to jamming signal? Today, tests to jamming signals should not be considered with an immunity level to verify but can be indicative and permit to the railway operators to check in case of evolution of the communication solution the vulnerability increases of decreases. More generally, the communication solutions applied to critical infrastructure should be able to monitor itself the presence of jamming signal and in that case, test to jamming signal should permit to check the efficiency of the monitoring solution

12 Thank you for attention 12