Radio- Quiet Protec/on of the Australian SKA Site
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1 Radio- Quiet Protec/on of the Australian SKA Site Dr. Lisa Harvey- Smith ASKAP Project Scien/st IAU General Assembly Hawaii August 2015 ASTRONOMY & SPACE SCIENCE
2 The Wadjarri Yamatji people are tradijonal owners of the land Lisa Harvey- Smith Radio Quiet at the Australian SKA Site IAU General Assembly
3 The Wadjarri Yamatji people are tradijonal owners of the land Lisa Harvey- Smith Radio Quiet at the Australian SKA Site IAU General Assembly
4 How quiet do we need to be? 4G smartphone Minimum signal edge of coverage: dbw 5 MHz BW: dbw/hz 1.9 GHz: l 2 /4p = m 2 SensiJvity: dbw/m 2 Hz Radiotelescope SensiJvity: 1 mjansky = 10-6 (10-26 W/m 2 Hz) = dbw/m 2 Hz A radio telescope is ~145 db more sensi/ve than a smartphone (316 trillion /mes more sensi/ve) with thanks to Carol Wilson and Andy Clegg
5 Sydney PopulaJon 4 million The Wadjarri Yamatji people are tradijonal owners of the land Narrabri PopulaJon6,000 Murchison PopulaJon 120 Lisa Harvey- Smith Radio Quiet at the Australian SKA Site IAU General Assembly
6 Murchison Radio Astronomy Observatory 50 km White: ASKAP Blue: MWA Red/purple: indicative SKA 1 Low
7 50 km
8 Challenges in Protec/ng an SKA Site Large frequency range 70 MHz GHz Most of band is unprotected bands = new discovery space! Physical reach of telescope (long baselines) Time frame (50 years or more) Technical + social + economic implicajons of restricjng radio usage Astronomers need to appreciate that other uses of spectrum are vital
9 How the site is protected
10 Australian Radio Quiet Zone Western Australia Radio quiet zone (up to 70 km) Coordination zone (up to 260 km) Lisa Harvey- Smith Radio Quiet at the Australian SKA Site IAU General Assembly
11 Licenses and legisla/on to control interference Radio communication transmitters Other electrical systems Spectrum licensed Apparatus licensed Class licensed Incidental emissions Spectrum licences held by major mobile network carriers Licensed area excludes a region in the RQZ Frequency Band Plan and RALI MS 32: radio transmitters are secondary to radio astronomy within 70 km radius. Limits interference from new transmitters in zones from 70 to 260 km radius; consultation with CSIRO required. Once notified, users of devices within 70 km must not cause interference to radioastronomy. Mineral Resource Management Area requires mining activities within 70 km of RQZ centre to submit a Radio Emissions Management Plan Policies in place for limits on self-generated emissions (by telescope equipment) In Australia, every radio frequency transmitter (9 khz to 275 GHz) must be licensed
12 What is not covered by the RQZ? The Radio Quiet Zone does not guarantee absence of interference to radioastronomy observajons. Current regulajons do not cover: 1. Frequencies below 70 MHz 2. Aircrag transmissions 3. Satellite transmissions 4. Transmihers beyond 260 km from centre of observatory
13 Balthasar Indermuelhe
14 Policing ourselves ASKAP Band 1 Spectrum Frequency MHz Night- Jme Weekday morning Band 1 generally free from broadband emission. In this rare case, weekday broadband RFI was seen beginning around 8am in Telstra transmission bands. Telstra NextG Handset Telstra tower All staff & contractors were reminded to switch off handsets at all Jmes. 1:45am 2:15am 8am 10am
15 Conclusions Radio astronomy shares the spectrum with many other radio systems. The Australian SKA site is naturally radio quiet and is protected by a range of state and federal legisla/on and emissions management protocols. More informajon available from CSIRO and the Australian CommunicaJons and Media Authority website.
16 Thank you CSIRO Astronomy & Space Science Dr. Lisa Harvey- Smith Research Astronomer ASKAP Project ScienJst e lisa.harvey- smith@csiro.au w w CSIRO ASTRONOMY AND SPACE SCIENCE
17 RALI MS 32 distances and thresholds Frequency Range (MHz) Coordination Radius (km) Threshold at ARQZWA centre (dbm/hz) Within 70 km, Radio Astronomy is primary user of spectrum Maximum allowable power level within 50 kilometres (dbm) Between 70 km and coordina/on radius, applicants must assess power spectral density at centre and power over area 50 km in radius
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