Jampro HD Radio Up Dated & Implementation Costs

Transcription

1 HD Radio (I.B.O.C.) Status and Implementation Jampro HD Radio Up Dated & Implementation Costs Bob Groome Domestic Sales Manager Jampro Antennas / RF Systems, Inc.

2 A Quick Review: What is HD Radio ibiquity HD Radio uses IBOC (In-Band On-Channel) as a method of broadcasting digital radio signals on the same FM channel, and at the same time as the conventional analog signal. HD uses OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Multiplex) for FM and HD to occupy the same spectral mask (same spot on the FM dial)

3 Reviewing The FM HD Radio Hybrid Mode The hybrid mode provides 97kbps data throughput, which is allocated as 96kbps for audio, and 1kbps for ancillary data. The Analog FM signal may be stereo or mono, and may include SCA and RDS signals. The hybrid mode has been approved for use in the US provides near CD quality. The injected level of the IBOC signal is 1/100 th (-20dB) the level of the FM signal.

4 Reviewing The Extended Hybrid Mode The Extended Hybrid Mode adds additional sidebands closer to the analog signal. The analog signal is operated with reduced bandwidth. The Extended Hybrid Mode provides 147kbps of data throughput. The injected level of the HD signal is still 1/100 th (-20dB) the level of the FM signal.

5 Reviewing The Future Full Digital The Full Digital Mode means that the analog FM signal is turned off. This is done when the number of HD receivers in use justifies the change. The Full Digital Mode allows 277kbps of data throughput. The total average power of the full digital mode is 10dB below the current FM analog value yet it provides the same coverage as FM today.

6 A Proposed change:

7 Reviewing The Advantages of HD Radio Maintains Market Position Coverage Area Frequency (Identity) does not change AM & FM Systems No new competition No significant regulatory impact Same frequency Same Power - Coverage Same Type Antenna Single Frequency Networking In use Now Short Implementation Time

8 Who s Working On HD Radio Implementation?

9 HD Radio Current Status: The NRSC field test data submitted to the FCC recommended that IBOC be adopted. The report may be viewed at: FCC Adopted HD IBOC Broadcasting for FM October 10, 2002 FCC approved common antenna, all elements driven by both analog and digital signals March 20, 2003 FCC approved use of separate antennas March 17, 2004 Approximately 1,000+ stations are now HD Radio in the USA. HD Is has also expanded to other countries Home and Auto Receivers are available from stock

10 HD Radio Current Status: FM / ITU ITU endorsed HD Radio (IBOC) and has circulated the recommendation to 189 member countries FCC is accepting simplified HD broadcast applications for the USA Now implemented: PAD (Program Audio Data info, text stream) SPS-1 & SPS-2 (Secondary Program Systems) MPS (Main Program Source) The Data Tunneling is being used for Navigation Aids Data also is used for Microsoft Web Watches

11 What s New A Sense of Urgency Satellite Radio: XM and Sirius XM continues to add users now totals 6.9 million. Sirius is likewise gaining and is about 4 million subscribers Streaming from non-broadcast web sites Users cite audio quality Any change to digital must be accompanied by a reevaluation of formats, and of audio processing methods. HD Radio eliminates multi-path distortion, chronic in metro areas

12 Transmitter Types For FM HD Radio (1) Separate Amplification - High or Medium Level Combined Analog and digital signals created with independent transmitters. Most will typically will use existing RF equipment for analog. Add new HD Only transmitter and a 10 db HD injector (combiner). The combined signal is fed to the common antenna. Probably use existing antenna, if meets HD Specs. (2) Common Amplification - Low Level Combined IBOC signal is created and mixed at low level with the analog FM in a combo transmitter. Power costs are a concern. Probably use existing antenna if meets HD Specs. (3) Dual Input, Space Combined Antennas Like (1) uses separate Analog and HD Transmitters. But no hybrid is needed. Isolation is an issue and a Circulator will probably be needed. Concern about tower loading.

13 Antenna Systems for FM HD Broadcast Single Input: Use with low level, medium level or high level transmitting equipment. Recall that high level combining uses the RCHA-X2X-HD 10 db injector and medium level uses the RCWL Jampro Switchless Combiner. Dual Input: Based on the wide band antennas developed by Jampro for Bonneville in the 1970 s: This style antenna allows the driving of all antenna elements with both analog and digital RF. No HD injector is required; no lossy reject load is need. Separate antennas: FCC MM# allows stations to utilized this approach of analog on one antenna and digital RF on the other. Concerns: both patterns being similar. Shared Aperture antennas:fcc MM # allows stations to utilize this approach. Concerns about the vertical pattern tracking.

14 Evaluating the FM HD Radio Implementations Example: 50 kw ERP at 500 feet Above Ground With station currently using a 6 bays CP analog antenna

15 System Costing: High Level Combined $145,845 to $232,865

16 Details of Costing: Add New HD injector HD Transmitter and Reject Load Re-use existing kw Analog Transmitter Re-use 6 bay antenna and 500 ft. 3 coax system Analog Transmitter AC to RF efficiency = 65%, For 18 kw TPO; 26.8 kw AC needed. Plus the HD transmitter AC efficiency of 30%; for 1.9 kw TPO 6.4 kw AC needed gives a total of 33.2 kw AC power for both At 8 cents / kw hour is $2.66 / hour or $23,330 / year At 14 cents/kw hour is $4.65 /hour, $40,734 / year 5 years total cost is $116,650 to $203,670 HD only transmitter and injector system of $29,195 Total cost is $145,845 to $232,865 Air Conditioning, AC panel and other AC power costs not included

17 HD via High Level Combining

18 System Costing: Low Level Combined $248,250 to $336,648

19 Details of Costing: New Low Level Combined, High Power Transmitter Reuse present 6 bay antenna and 500 ft coax system At 55% AC transmitter efficiency, you get a total of 33.7 kw AC input power At 8 cents / kw hour is $2.70 / hour or $23,650 / year At 14 cents/kw hour is $4.72 / hour or $41,329 / year 5 years total is $118,250 to $206,648 Add HD/Analog transmitter of $130,000 Total $248,250 to $336,648 Air Conditioning, AC panel and other AC power costs not included

20 HD via Low Level Combining

21 System Costing: Space Combined $149,869 to $233,562

22 Details of Costing: New 0.5 kw HD Transmitter, 3 Bay antenna and 7/8 coax system Re-use analog kw transmitter and 500 ft. 3 Coax system At 65% AC efficiency, 28 kw AC input Analog At 30% AC efficiency, 4.2 kw AC input HD At 8 cents / kw hour is $2.59 / hour or $22,769 / year At 14 cents/kw hour is $4.51 /hour or $39,507, / year 5 years total is $113,845 to $197,538 Add HD only transmitter, 3 HD antenna bays and small coax system (7/8 typical). Cost $36,024 Total is $149,869 to $233,562 Air Conditioning, AC panel and other AC power costs not included

23 HD via Space Combined

24 HD Transmission Upgrade Summary Low Level, High Power Transmitter only $248,250 to $336,648 High Level Injector and HD Only Transmitter $145,845 to $232,865 Space Combined 6 analog bays and 3 HD bays, coax and HD Only transmitter $149,869 to $233,562 One of these is what s needed for your station

25 Typical HD Ready Antennas JCPD Dual input JAHD Dual input Penetrator Optimizer All Elements Driven All Elements Driven ----Low/Medium Level---- Dual Input antennas can be Master Antennas Penetrator and Optimizer for single or up to three stations All are at least ±200 khz f o

26 High Level Combined

27 High Level Combined System at KQOD

28 High Level Combining : The Injector (hybrid) Models: RCHA-222-HD 10kW Analog 3.5 kw Digital RCHA-323-HD 35 kw Analog 10 kw Digital Both 10 db Injectors: >40dB Isolation 1.06:1 VSWR Easy to Plumb Ins and outs

29 Matching to the reject load Most agree that at least 1.1:1 is needed on the reject load connector of the RCHA-X2X-10HD in order to meet mask.

30 Why a circulator might be needed:

31 High Level Combining: How the Hybrid Injector / Combiner works 50Ω Load Digital RF Input 10% of Analog 90% of Digital 90% of Analog Input 10% of Digital Input Analog RF Input Hybrid RF Output

32 FM7380-6HF FM HD Isolator For 500 Watt Application 250 Watt Termination Load Low Insertion loss of 0.5 db Isolation provided =>32 db Small size for easy installation Factory tested May be needed for Dual Antennas, Dual Input Antennas or Power Combined

33 RF Circulator Hook Up Port 1 - Input Port 3 - Load Port 2 - Output

34 Elements of an RF Circulator Upper Magnet Pole Piece North Pole Upper Magnet Ground Plane Y Junction Center Conductor Ground Plane Lower Magnet Pole Piece Lower Magnet Magnetic Flux Orientation

35 Low Level Combined

36 WXEL Existing Low Level Combined HD

37 KPCC Low Level Combined Part of JMPC-2

38 Space Combined Different height elements or Shared aperture bays

39 Separate Height, Space Combined Dual Input Bays at KHHT

40 Shared Aperture Penetrator Antenna System

41 Separate Height, Space Combined Dual Input Bays at KIIS Easy Upgrade Path Within 70% RCAGL Reasonable Isolation HD Becomes Backup Any Power Level Elevation Pattern Azimuth Similar

42 Why Spaced Combined might need a Circulator

43 Dual Input Antennas

44 Dual Input Antennas WRFX-FM Charlotte, NC WERN-FM Madison, WI

45 Dual Input Side Mount JSHD Side Mount Dual Input All Elements driven by both Analog and Digital Lower Wind Load vs. Panel Lower Weight vs. Panel

46 Station Combiner Insertion

47 KSL - Bonneville Site 13 Analog Stations 5 HD Stations Dual Feed Arrow Head HD Jampro Combiner 235 kw Total ERP Jampro Combiner can expand for more stations

48 Inject HD at the combiner

49 The Final Outcome: Or Making the Mask

50 Choosing the Right HD antenna

51 Summary Of Approaches: Injector System: Applications Pros Cons For All Power Level Stations Inexpensive Hardware One Antenna for both Limited Tower Capacity Use proven antenna Wasted energy in reject load Omni or Directional Patterns Easy Installation Single Failure points Single or Multiple Frequencies Use existing Analog Tx. High Cost of Operation Typically Single Station Low Cost intro to HD Low efficiency Increased Isolation Higher Power HD Tx. HVAC Concerns Spaced Combined HD Antenna Applications Pros Cons For All Power Level Stations Lower Power HD Only Tx More Tower Space - Separate Bays Sensitive to analog signal protection No Injector power loss Possible Elevation Pattern effects Tower capacity not an issue Protects Analog Signal Expense of 2nd Xmission line Medium Cost intro to HD Redundancy HD/Analog Tower Loading for Separate Antenna Single or Multiple Frequencies Use existing Analog Tx. HVAC sizing issues Typically Single Station Interleaved Saves Tower Space Omni or Directional Patterns Increased Isolation Inexpensive intro to HD

52 Summary Of Approaches: Dual Input HD FM Antenna Applications Pros Cons For All Power Level Stations Ground up design for HD Higher Cost Typically Multiple Stations Predictable Performance Higher weight & wind load Use when HD/Analog Pattern CriticalEasier to do DA's Larger Tower needed Back Up Redundantly Bandwidth/broadband HVAC sizing issues Large Face Sized Towers No Injector power loss Critical Directional Patterns Use existing Analog Tx. Ability to add stations Medium Power Combined HD Applications Pros Cons Higher Power Levels No Injector loss More costly than other choices Single Frequency Use existing Analog Tx More floor space Where AC costs are high Lower Power Reject load Accurate tuning of Tx's needed Can't change antenna Re use Xmission Line HVAC sizing issues Can't change tower space Re use FM Antenna TPO not available for low level combining

53 Contributors: CONVERSION REQUIREMENTS FOR AM & FM IBOC TRANSMISSION Jeff R. Detweiler, ibiquity Digital Corporation in pdf IBOC DAB FIELD TEST PLATFORMS Greg A. Nease, ibiquity Digital Corporation in pdf THE STRUCTURE AND GENERATION OF ROBUST WAVEFORMS FOR AM IN- BAND ON-CHANNEL DIGITAL BROADCASTING Steven A. Johnson, ibiquity Digital Corporation in pdf THE STRUCTURE AND GENERATION OF ROBUST WAVEFORMS FOR FM IN- BAND ON-CHANNEL DIGITAL BROADCASTING Paul J. Peyla, ibiquity Digital Corporation FCC Web Site: Dane Jubera, Senior Engineer, Jampro Aaron Callahan, RF Systems Design Engineer This Power Point Presentation by Bob Groome, Domestic Sales Manager, Jampro

54 Thank You! How to contact Jampro: Telephone Toll Free JAMPRØ FAX WEB www. Jampro.com Postal P.O. Box Sacramento, CA In Person 6340 Sky Creek Road Sacramento, CA 95828