Use-case analysis of the BOC/CBOC modulations in GIOVE-B E1 Signal
|
|
- Erik Scott
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Use-case analysis of the BOC/CBOC modulations in GIOVE-B E1 Signal Rui Sarnadas, Teresa Ferreira GMV Lisbon, Portugal Sergio Carrasco, Gustavo López-Risueño ESTEC, ESA Noordwijk, The Netherlands Abstract In the past decade, the current and envisaged GNSS systems have seen major developments, both in terms of interoperability and compatibility, as well as accuracy, performance, and availability. In particular, the emergence of Galileo and the evolution of other Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have not only brought forth new opportunities and applications, but also new signal structures. The underlying studies on Binary Offset Carrier (BOC) and Multiplexed Binary Offset Carrier (MBOC) modulations, signal properties, tracking methods, and general performances, have theoretically confirmed and supported the benefits of future GNSS signals. As a result of this diversity of signals, the Galileo E1-L1 signal modulation is an implementation of MBOC, the Composite Binary Offset Carrier modulation CBOC(6,1,1/11). Receiver designers will have to decide and trade-off for tracking the Galileo E1-L1 signal either as CBOC(6,1,1/11) or BOC(1,1), taking into account the benefits and costs of each solution. This study presents the results obtained with processing CBOC data in two conditions: first, using a simulator to generate a multipath environment, and second, using real data from GIOVE-B satellite collected at GMV s rooftop. These data sets were processed using the NUSAR platform to produce the observables. Keywords - GIOVE-B, MBOC, CBOC, GNSS I. INTRODUCTION Due to the unavailability of the new GNSS in the past, the majority of the studies of signal impact on receiver design have been mainly theoretical. Nowadays, the available Signals In Space in the Open Service E1-L1 band include the GPS constellation and Galileo s GIOVE-B, which is (already) transmitting the envisaged CBOC modulation [1]. Although the full Galileo constellation is not yet available, it is already possible to assess this new modulation s robustness at signal processing level, and even compare the different BOC(1,1) / CBOC(6,1,1/11) interchanges in the acquisition and tracking loops. By design, the Galileo signals in the E1-L1 band provide the flexibility for receivers to process either BOC(1,1) or CBOC(6,1,1/11) modulations. The objective of this study is to evaluate the use of different receiver design options when processing each of the modulations, i.e. CBOC as CBOC and CBOC as BOC. The trade-offs are evaluated by comparing multipath performance, code delay and carrier phase observables at the output of the tracking loops implemented in the NUSAR platform. First, the expected performances are discussed, and then the NUSAR platform is presented. Latter, the data collection environment is described, and the results are presented. II. EXPECTED PERFORMANCES IN GALILEO E1-L1 BAND A. BOC and MBOC Signals With the upcoming Galileo and GPS modernisation, it is foreseen that the E1-L1 band will support three different modulations: BPSK(1), BOC(1,1) and CBOC(6,1,1/11) for the Open Service (OS). Galileo s MBOC implementation (CBOC) was the last to be proposed, and it is extensively described in [1]. The MBOC Power Spectral Density (PSD) is given by (1), where G BOC(m,n) (f) is the PSD of a sine-phased BOC spreading modulation, denoted BOC(m,n). G 10 1 = (1) BOC (1,1) BOC(6,1) ( f ) G ( f ) + G ( f ) The PSD and auto-correlation functions of the three modulations are presented in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. Figure 1. Power Spectral Densities for E1-L1 band /10/$ IEEE
2 as defaults in the NUSAR platform using the dot product discriminator, and considering a two-sided bandwidth of 18 MHz. It can be seen that BOC and CBOC modulations perform better for most multipath delays, and that CBOC is expected to outperform BOC in the mid-range delays. The impact of multipath on the carrier phase error is negligible, compared to the code tracking errors, and is not discussed in detail. As shown in [2], the carrier phase error due to specular multipath signals is given by (2) Figure 2. Autocorrelation Function for E1-L1 band The PSD of the BOC(1,1) modulation splits the spectrum in order to reduce interference with GPS, thus maximizing compatibility and interoperability. Furthermore, the BOC and MBOC modulations spread more power into higher frequencies, thus narrowing their auto-correlation functions: in addition to achieving potentially better tracking accuracies, this reduces self-interference and re-enforces compatibility with the legacy GPS C/A code. The BOC modulations, however, also insert secondary lobes (peaks) in their autocorrelation function that create a challenge into the receiver design. Now, signal tracking loops have to make sure that they are tracking the main lobe and not a side peak. As a result of such properties, the (M)BOC modulations are deemed to be more robust in harsh environment conditions such as noise, multipath or interference, when compared to the BPSK legacy. Examples of such considerations and trade-offs are presented in the following sections. B. Multipath Performance A common way to analyze multipath performance is through code multipath error envelopes. In this case, only one replica is assumed, with a Signal to Multipath Ratio (SMR) of 6 db, and delays between 0 and 1 chip. The upper and lower envelopes correspond to the case where the phase of the multipath replica is in-phase and in quadrature with the Line Of Sight (LOS) component respectively. θ e = arcsin 2π ( τ τ ) / T c [ λ] (2) SMR where (τ 1 - τ 0 ) is the relative multipath delay, SMR is the signal to multipath ratio, and Tc is the chip duration. Note that the phase error is given in multiples of λ, the L1 wavelength, and is in the order of millimetres. As an example for a Galileo E1-B CBOC(6,1,1/11) signal with Multipath delay, (τ 1 - τ 0 ) = ns (100 meters); Chip Duration, T C = ns; Signal to Multipath Ratio, SMR = 1.99 (6 db); Wavelength, λ = 0.19 meters; the resulting delay is given by (2), θ e = meters. C. Front-End Bandwidth Although the performance of the pure BOC(1,1) modulation is often tackled, from the receiver perspective, the actual performance to be assessed is the result of processing CBOC(6,1,1/11) signals as 1) matched CBOC(6,1,1/11), or 2) as a BOC(1,1) signal, discarding the higher frequency BOC(6,1) component. For this purpose, one of the main parameters to be considered is the Front-End bandwidth. Fig. 4, taken from [3], illustrates the power distribution of the real scenario. Figure 4. Power Containment for Different Modulations and Bandwidth, B T Figure 3. Code Multipath Error Envelope Fig. 3 shows the code multipath error envelopes of all three modulations for fixed early late spacing of 0.8 for BPSK, 0.5 for BOC(1,1) and 0.18 for CBOC(6,1,1/11) the values chosen It can be seen that the power distribution in the MBOC signals, especially for the higher frequency BOC(6,1) component, is highly dependent on the applicable bandwidth, usually associated with hardware cost, sample frequency (data rate), and added noise. Note that although over 90% of the BOC(1,1) power is allocated to a bandwidth of 8 MHz, the
3 important high-frequency component of the MBOC signal, added by the multiplexed BOC(6,1), has less than 10% of its power contained in those same 8 MHz and, as a consequence, is filtered out of the signal processing loops. III. NUSAR PLATFORM The NUSAR (Navigation User SoftwAre Receiver) platform was developed under a contract with the European Space Agency (ESA). NUSAR processes Open Service GPS and Galileo signals in the E1-L1 band, following an as fast as possible approach, providing code phase, carrier phase, Doppler frequency and C/N0 measurements. The NUSAR platform is comprised of an antenna (L1 band), a wide Front-End (18 MHz) and a laptop, all acquired as COTS components. The laptop then runs the NUSAR software, which implements the signal processing acquisition and tracking of the GPS L1 C/A BPSK(1) signal, and both the Galileo E1-B and E1-C channels as BOC(1,1) and CBOC(6,1,1/11) signals, all transmitted in the E1-L1 band. The NUSAR platform is depicted in Fig. 5. Figure 5. NUSAR Platform The software provides a user-friendly Graphical User Interface (GUI), Fig. 6, with extended configuration capabilities, e.g. modulations, number of channels, correlators spacing, number of non-coherent integrations, loops bandwidth. The outputs, i.e. code delay, carrier phase, Doppler frequency, CN0, bump jumping and loss of lock information, time stamp, satellite ID and prompt (I and Q) correlation results are output to the GUI, and can be stored to a text file. Offline: processing offline IF data, stored in a data repository; Data Acquisition: data is collected from the antenna and Front-End, and stored to file, so it can be processed later in Offline mode. Interaction with the user is further supported by acquisition and tracking loop s high configurability, providing extensibility through APIs, which ease the implementation of external algorithms, and the creation of inspection points. In addition, the software is developed in a flexible and modular way, so as to be able to accommodate new algorithms, and to inspect receiver behaviour at stages that are often veiled to the end user and algorithm developers. The NUSAR is an attractive solution to support studies on the E1-L1 band, since it provides direct access to the raw measurements as output by the tracking loops: the Delay Lock Loop (DLL) and Phase Lock Loop (PLL), for code and carrier tracking, respectively. IV. DATA COLLECTION The simulation plan considered herein aims at assessing and comparing the performance between the processing of CBOC(6,1,1/11) modulation as CBOC(6,1,1/11) and processing it as BOC(1,1). This corresponds to the scenario that Galileo receivers and receiver manufacturers will be facing in the near future: in fact, Galileo satellites will be transmitting the signal as a CBOC(6,1,1/11) modulation, and receiver designers will be able to process the signal by either/both using CBOC or/and BOC modulated local replica signals. The final design of the receiver is then a trade-off between available power (e.g. sampling frequency, data size and rate, hardware bandwidth) and performance (e.g. code delay errors, carrier phase errors, Doppler frequency estimation and C/N0 at the receiver). Two main sets of data 1 were used to support the analysis: Data set 1: simulation data with multipath; Data set 2: real data from GIOVE B; A. Data set 1: Simulated Data In order to look at the effect of multipath in the receiver performance in terms of code tracking error, simulated data was collected using the GSVF Galileo Constellation RF Signal Simulator with a linear multipath model for a static user. The NUSAR platform was then used in Data Acquisition mode to record IF samples for 70 seconds of data, at a sample frequency of. The GSVF simulated four satellites with the multipath characteristics shown in Table I. TABLE I. SIMULATED DATA PRN Ephemeris Multipath Delay [m] Figure 6. NUSAR Graphical Interface and Channel Configuration dialog The NUSAR platform supports three modes of operation: Online: processing real-time data received directly from the Front-End and antenna components; Same as Same as Note that for additional comparison results and statistical relevance, other GIOVE-B real data and GSVF simulator data are used and processed under the same conditions.
4 All multipath rays have a relative power of 6dB with respect to their direct Line Of Sight (LOS) ray. Satellite Vehicles (SV s) with PRN s 11 and 12 contain the same ephemeris as SV s 8 and 9, respectively 11 is a clone of 8, and 12 is a clone of 9. This way, SV s 11 and 12 are used as references, to assess and compare the code delay errors associated to multipath. B. Data set 2: Real Data To complement the results obtained with the simulated data, the NUSAR platform has been used to collect data from GMV s rooftop with a static receiver for about 60 seconds, using the same method as above. The objective is to record data from GIOVE-B using different Front-Ends and sample frequencies, and then process the data using NUSAR in offline mode, with several different configurations. Note that although no information is available regarding the real multipath conditions for this data set, different assessments can be made on processing real live GIOVE-B signals, including parallel processing with currently available GPS signals. The data was collected using different Front-End bandwidths: at 18 MHz, so as to capture most of the CBOC(6,1,1/11) modulation spectrum, and at 8 MHz, capturing only BOC(1,1) modulation spectrum, and filtering out the CBOC(6,1,1/11) high-frequency spread spectrum components, BOC(6,1). V. RESULTS A. Data set 1: Simulated Data with Multipath In order to analyze the behaviour of the simulated data with multipath, in terms of code ranging error, the data sets (for both 40m and 110m of multipath delay) were run in NUSAR with different configurations and sample frequencies, f s, as summarized in Table II. The different configurations aim at assessing the impact of 1) processing the CBOC signals as matched CBOC(6,1,1/11) and as BOC(1,1), and 2) reducing the available signal bandwidth in the processing chain, by reducing the input sample frequency. The NUSAR software was then configured to process the full sampled data, at a sampling frequency of (no decimation) and with decimation factors of 2 for CBOC(6,1,1/11) and 5 for BOC(1,1), keeping the resulting bandwidth compliant with Nyquist criteria. Furthermore, different settings where used to enable acquisition and tracking of both the LOS signal and the corresponding delayed ray under the same conditions. Figure 7. Code Delay Errors for Multipath Data As Fig.7 shows, the results from processing the multipath data paired with the LOS rays confirms that the (absolute) values are within the expected envelopes for each multipath delay. One immediate result is that processing the incoming signal as BOC(1,1) (blue circles and crosses) results in a higher code multipath error that processing it as a matched CBOC(6,1,1/11) (red triangles and diamonds). This is due to the fact that the presence of the high-frequency BOC(6,1) component in the CBOC(6,1,1/11) modulated signal increases multipath robustness, when compared to the BOC(1,1) processing. It can also be seen that the results using any decimation on the sample frequency f s = (represented as circles for BOC and diamonds for CBOC) increase the resulting error in code multipath, in comparison to the full bandwidth signals (represented as crosses for BOC and triangles for CBOC), and a detail of the results is presented in Fig. 8. This is because the reduced sample frequency limits the available signal bandwidth that is seen by the processing loops: the higher frequencies are cut off, resulting in an increased error in the tracking loops. Note that the values extracted are mean values of the code multipath error (i.e. differences between the LOS code delay and the reflected ray code delay), and are of course subject to dynamic behaviours and errors, as a result of the tracking loops. TABLE II. Signals (PRN pairs) NUSAR CONFIGURATIONS FOR MULTIPATH ANALYSIS Transmitted as... Processed as... f s [MHz] 8 11 (40m) CBOC(6,1,1/11) 9 12 (110m) CBOC(6,1,1/11) CBOC(6,1,1/11) BOC(1,1) CBOC(6,1,1/11) BOC(1,1) MHz MHz MHz MHz The results gathered with the configurations from Table II are depicted (as absolute values) in Fig. 7, overlapped with the code multipath error envelopes for clarity. Figure 8. Absolute Code Multipath Delays, with and without decimation, for BOC(1,1) and CBOC(6,1,1/11) processing
5 These multipath envelopes and results were determined using real conditions, in terms of hardware and software. Parameters such as Front-End and input signal bandwidth, sample frequency, acquisition and tracking loop settings (e.g. early-late spacing), were selected to reflect current and envisaged settings used for GNSS signal processing, taking into account the trade-offs in processing GPS BPSK or Galileo BOC/CBOC data: Front-End bandwidth = 18 MHz (double sided); Intermediate Frequency = MHz; Sample Frequency =, with decimation by 1, 2 and 5 (, MHz, and MHz); Code Discriminator = Dot Product; Early-Late Spacing = 0.8 chips for BPSK(1), 0.5 for BOC(1,1), and 0.18 for CBOC(6,1,1/11); Figure 9. Carrier 1-sigma Errors for different Bw and f s Integration Time = 20 ms for GPS L1 C/A, 4 ms for Galileo E1-B, and 20 ms for Galileo E1-C. NUSAR result rate = 1 code period. B. Data set 2: Real GIOVE-B Data In order to further compare the different BOC(1,1) and CBOC(6,1,1/11) interchanges in the acquisition and tracking loops of a GNSS signal processing chain, real GIOVE-B data was acquired and processed at GMV s premises. These data sets allow for studies to be performed under real world conditions, processing the real CBOC(6,1,1/11) signal transmitted with several configurations in the NUSAR platform. To analyse the influence of Front-End bandwidth and sample frequency used, the different configurations depicted in Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 represent the carrier and code 1-sigma errors for multiple input signal bandwidths. The dashed line divides the plots in two sections: the upper left section represents a benefit of tracking CBOC as CBOC, as opposed to tracking with BOC. Of course, the lower right section represents the opposite, when tracking CBOC with CBOC yields lower performance than when tracking with BOC. As shown, the resulting limitations from the input signal bandwidth and sample frequency can be interpreted as: For the same conditions, tracking the CBOC(6,1,1/11) signal with CBOC always yields lower code tracking errors than tracking with BOC(1,1); As the sample frequency decreases, the amount of data to correlate, and so the equivalent signal bandwidth, decrease. This results in increasing the magnitude of the code tracking errors, as shown in Fig. 10; For the carrier tracking errors in Fig. 9, the modulation used has a negligible effect on the result (the points are all very close to the BOC vs CBOC line); The carrier error impact is more relevant but always in the order of millimeter level 1-sigma errors with the compromise between Front-End bandwidth and sample frequency. This can be explained by the noise levels and filtering (possibly aliasing) properties of the input signals in the tracking loops; Figure 10. Code 1-sigma Errors for different Bw and f s Reducing the bandwidth, to a point where the higher frequencies of the PSD distribution of the input modulation are clipped out of the processing loops (i.e. Bw = 8 MHz), results in a decrease in C/N0, thus increasing the code range errors; The different combinations of Front-End bandwidth and sample frequency produce mixed results in terms of C/N0: while the matched CBOC(6,1,1/11) processing yields a C/N0 around 0.5 to 1 db-hz higher than the corresponding BOC(1,1) processing, the reduction of available signal power and sample frequency results in a decrease of C/N0. VI. CONCLUSIONS With the choice of the MBOC modulation for the Galileo and modernized GPS future signals, an increasing number of studies and trade-off analysis have been presented and discussed, in order to analyse the implications of the new modulations and implementations in receiver design and signal processing. One of the major topics for the discussion is the trade-off in processing such MBOC signals as BOC(1,1), discarding the high-frequency spectrum transmitted, and is motivated by the impact of the wider MBOC power spectrum on both hardware and software design, implementation, and manufacturing. One example of the analysis over the consequences of MBOC approximation by BOC can be found in [5].
6 As GIOVE-B satellite is now in orbit, transmitting both data and pilot channels E1-B and E1-C as CBOC(6,1,1/11) modulated signals, an opportunity rises to acquire and process real live data, as if it were a fully operational Galileo satellite. This study focuses on analysing different implications of processing GIOVE-B s CBOC(6,1,1/11) signals as CBOC(6,1,1/11) and BOC(1,1) and shows several trade-offs and results over real data. The analysis was conducted on the NUSAR platform, developed by GMV, as it allows for several different configurations and settings to be used over the same acquired data. Simulated data is also used for multipath performance analysis, as well as other result comparison. It is shown that the CBOC(6,1,1/11) modulations, when tracked with a matched replica, perform better in terms of multipath mitigation and code tracking errors, even with smaller bandwidths lower than the theoretical value of 40 MHz for MBOC [3]. Furthermore, the NUSAR platform was used to configure the signal processing loops, e.g. in terms of sample frequency and early-late spacing, and run the same data in different scenarios. The presented results also focus on assessing the impact of processing CBOC(6,1,1/11) data as BOC(1,1), and show that CBOC outperforms BOC in all cases, at the expense of larger hardware bandwidths, sample frequency, and complexity. In conclusion, as soon as the MBOC modulations are widely available for users and manufacturers, the performance enhancement will be available to those who desire to use it, but still ensuring maximum interoperability and minimum performance degradation over the (less demanding) BOC(1,1) solutions. Of course, the choice will ultimately reflect the application envisaged by the manufacturers and receiver designers. As the discussion in [6] clearly shows, there is no need for a definitive decision to be made, and the mere fact that the CBOC(6,1,1/11) modulation was designed in such a way that maximizes compatibility and range of choices ensures maximum flexibility. ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors would like to acknowledge José Maria López- Almansa at GMV, for his collaboration and support on data collection and analysis. REFERENCES [1] Hein, G.W. Avila-Rodriguez, J.-A. Wallner, S. Pratt, A.R Owen, J. Issler, J. Betz, J.W. Hegarty, C.J. Lenahan, S. Rushanan, J.J. Kraay, A.L. Stansell, T.A., MBOC: The New Optimized Spreading Modulation Recommended for GALILEO L1 OS and GPS L1C. in Position, Location, And Navigation Symposium, 2006 IEEE/ION, April 25-27, 2006, on pages: [2] Van Nee R, A Spread Spectrum Code and Carrier Synchronization Errors Caused by Multipath and Interference (1993) IEEE Trans. on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp , October 1993 [3] Lohan, E. S. & Renfors, M. 2007, Correlation properties of Multiplexed, Binary Offset Carrier (MBOC) modulation, Proceedings of the European, Wireless 2007, EW 2007, Paris, France, April 1-4, p [4] Andrés, D.S., Risueño, G.L., Effect of Receiver Parameters on MBOC Tracking Performances, NAVITEC 2008, S20, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, 2008 [5] Macchi, F., Petovello, M.G., Lachapelle, G., Consequences of MBOC approximation by BOC modulation, ION GNSS 2008, Session F2, Savannah, GA, September 2008 [6] Stansell, T., Gibbons, G., et al., BOC or MBOC? The Common GPS/Galileo Civil Signal Design: A Manufacturers Dialog, Part 1 and 2, InsideGNSS, July/August and September, 2006
A Slope-Based Multipath Estimation Technique for Mitigating Short-Delay Multipath in GNSS Receivers
Copyright Notice c 2010 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works
More informationMultipath mitigation performance of multi-correlator based code tracking algorithms in closed and open loop model
Multipath mitigation performance of multi-correlator based code tracking algorithms in closed and open loop model Mohammad Zahidul H. Bhuiyan, Xuan Hu, Elena Simona Lohan, and Markku Renfors Department
More informationSatellite-based positioning (II)
Lecture 11: TLT 5606 Spread Spectrum techniques Lecturer: Simona Lohan Satellite-based positioning (II) Outline GNSS navigation signals&spectra: description and details Basics: signal model, pilots, PRN
More informationA Reduced Search Space Maximum Likelihood Delay Estimator for Mitigating Multipath Effects in Satellite-based Positioning
A Reduced Search Space Maximum Likelihood Delay Estimator for Mitigating Multipath Effects in Satellite-based Positioning Mohammad Zahidul H. Bhuiyan, Elena Simona Lohan, and Markku Renfors Department
More informationRECEIVER DEVELOPMENT, SIGNALS, CODES AND INTERFERENCE
Presentation for: 14 th GNSS Workshop November 01, 2007 Jeju Island, Korea RECEIVER DEVELOPMENT, SIGNALS, CODES AND INTERFERENCE Stefan Wallner, José-Ángel Ávila-Rodríguez, Guenter W. Hein Institute of
More informationOGSR: A Low Complexity Galileo Software Receiver using Orthogonal Data and Pilot Channels
OGSR: A Low Complexity Galileo Software Receiver using Orthogonal Data and Pilot Channels Ali Albu-Rghaif, Ihsan A. Lami, Maher Al-Aboodi Abstract To improve localisation accuracy and multipath rejection,
More informationBeiDou Next Generation Signal Design and Expected Performance
International Technical Symposium on Navigation and Timing ENAC, 17 Nov 2015 BeiDou Next Generation Signal Design and Expected Performance Challenges and Proposed Solutions Zheng Yao Tsinghua University
More informationGalileo E1 and E5a Link-Level Performances in Single and Multipath Channels
Galileo E1 and E5a Link-Level Performances in Single and Multipath Channels Jie Zhang and Elena-Simona Lohan Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 1, 3311 Tampere, Finland www.cs.tut.fi/tlt/pos
More informationUpdate on GPS L1C Signal Modernization. Tom Stansell Aerospace Consultant GPS Wing
Update on GPS L1C Signal Modernization Tom Stansell Aerospace Consultant GPS Wing Glossary BOC = Binary Offset Carrier modulation C/A = GPS Coarse/Acquisition code dbw = 10 x log(signal Power/1 Watt) E1
More informationGNSS Technologies. GNSS Acquisition Dr. Zahidul Bhuiyan Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, National Land Survey
GNSS Acquisition 25.1.2016 Dr. Zahidul Bhuiyan Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, National Land Survey Content GNSS signal background Binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation Binary offset carrier
More informationEvaluation of C/N 0 estimators performance for GNSS receivers
International Conference and Exhibition The 14th IAIN Congress 2012 Seamless Navigation (Challenges & Opportunities) 01-03 October, 2012 - Cairo, Egypt Concorde EL Salam Hotel Evaluation of C/N 0 estimators
More informationDirect Comparison of the Multipath Performance of L1 BOC and C/A using On-Air Galileo and QZSS Transmissions
Direct Comparison of the Multipath Performance of L BOC and C/A using On-Air Galileo and QZSS Transmissions Yu Hsuan Chen, Sherman Lo, Per Enge Department of Aeronautics & Astronautics Stanford University
More information1-BIT PROCESSING OF COMPOSITE BOC (CBOC) SIGNALS
-BIT POCESSING OF COMPOSITE BOC (CBOC) SIGNALS Olivier Julien (ojulien@recherche.enac.fr), Christophe Macabiau ENAC 7, Avenue E. Belin 355 Toulouse Cedex 4, France Jean-Luc Issler, Lionel ies CNES 8, Avenue
More informationNew Signal Structures for BeiDou Navigation Satellite System
Stanford's 2014 PNT Symposium New Signal Structures for BeiDou Navigation Satellite System Mingquan Lu, Zheng Yao Tsinghua University 10/29/2014 1 Outline 1 Background and Motivation 2 Requirements and
More informationSatellite Navigation Principle and performance of GPS receivers
Satellite Navigation Principle and performance of GPS receivers AE4E08 GPS Block IIF satellite Boeing North America Christian Tiberius Course 2010 2011, lecture 3 Today s topics Introduction basic idea
More informationProbability of Secondary Code Acquisition for Multi-Component GNSS Signals
Author manuscript, published in "EWGNSS 23, 6th European Workshop on GNSS Signals and Signal Processing, Munich : Germany (23)" Probability of Secondary Code Acquisition for Multi-Component GNSS Signals
More informationOn June 26, 2004, the United. Spreading Modulation. Recommended for Galileo L1 OS and GPS L1C. working papers
MBOC: The New Optimized Spreading Modulation Recommended for Galileo L OS and GPS LC Guenter W. Hein, Jose-Angel Avila- Rodríguez, Stefan Wallner, University Federal Armed Forces (Munich, Germany) John
More informationCBOC AN IMPLEMENTATION OF MBOC
CBOC AN IMPLEMENTATION OF MBOC Jose-Angel Avila-Rodriguez, Stefan Wallner, Guenter W. Hein University FAF Munich Emilie Rebeyrol, Olivier Julien, Christophe Macabiau ENAC Lionel Ries, Antoine DeLatour,
More informationChi-Square Distribution Matching in Unambiguous Sine-BOC and Multiplexed-BOC Acquisition
Chi-Square Distribution Matching in Unambiguous Sine-BOC and Multiplexed-BOC Acquisition Md. Farzan Samad and Elena Simona Lohan Department of Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology
More informationCNES contribution to GALILEO signals design JC2. Jean-Luc Issler
CNES contribution to GALILEO signals design JC2 Jean-Luc Issler INTRODUCTION GALILEO Signals have been designed by the members of the "GALILEO Signal Task Force(STF)" of the European Commission. CNES was
More informationHow Effective Are Signal. Quality Monitoring Techniques
How Effective Are Signal Quality Monitoring Techniques for GNSS Multipath Detection? istockphoto.com/ppampicture An analytical discussion on the sensitivity and effectiveness of signal quality monitoring
More informationLimited Bandwidths and Correlation Ambiguities: Do They Co-Exist in Galileo Receivers
Positioning, 2011, 2, 14-21 doi:10.4236/pos.2011.21002 Published Online February 2011 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/pos) Limited Bandwidths and Correlation Ambiguities: Do They Co-Exist in Galileo Receivers
More informationBenefits and Limitations of New GNSS Signal Designs. Dr. A. J. Van Dierendonck AJ Systems, USA November 18, 2014
Benefits and Limitations of New GNSS Signal Designs Dr. A. J. Van Dierendonck AJ Systems, USA November 18, 2014 My Opinions on New GNSS Signal Designs This briefing is loosely based upon Leadership Series
More informationStudy and Analysis on Binary Offset Carrier (BOC) Modulation in Satellite Navigation Systems
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) e-issn: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735.Volume 11, Issue 5, Ver. I (Sep.-Oct.2016), PP 115-123 www.iosrjournals.org Study and Analysis
More informationPrototype Galileo Receiver Development
Prototype Galileo Receiver Development Neil Gerein, NovAtel Inc, Canada Michael Olynik, NovAtel Inc, Canada ABSTRACT Over the past few years the Galileo signal specification has been maturing. Of particular
More informationMeasuring Galileo s Channel the Pedestrian Satellite Channel
Satellite Navigation Systems: Policy, Commercial and Technical Interaction 1 Measuring Galileo s Channel the Pedestrian Satellite Channel A. Lehner, A. Steingass, German Aerospace Center, Münchnerstrasse
More informationDouble Phase Estimator: New Results
Double Phase Estimator: New Results Daniele Borio European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen (IPSC), Security Technology Assessment Unit,
More informationDecoding Galileo and Compass
Decoding Galileo and Compass Grace Xingxin Gao The GPS Lab, Stanford University June 14, 2007 What is Galileo System? Global Navigation Satellite System built by European Union The first Galileo test satellite
More informationBouncing off Walls and Trees: Multipath Channel Modeling for Satellite Navigation from the Samples Point of View
Bouncing off Walls and Trees: Multipath Channel Modeling for Satellite Navigation from the Samples Point of View F. M. Schubert German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute for Communications and Navigation
More informationGalileo E1 and E5a Link-level Performance for Dual Frequency Overlay Structure
Tampere University of Technology Galileo E1 and E5a Link-level Performance for Dual Frequency Overlay Structure Citation Zhang, J., & Lohan, E. S. (2012). Galileo E1 and E5a Link-level Performance for
More informationFuture GNSS: Improved Signals and Constellations
Future GNSS: Improved Signals and Constellations Guillermo Martínez Morán 1 1 Airbus Defense & Space. Paseo John Lennon s/n 28096 Getafe (Madrid Spain) Guillermo.M.Martinez@military.airbus.com Abstract:
More informationAcquisition and Tracking of IRNSS Receiver on MATLAB and Xilinx
Acquisition and Tracking of IRNSS Receiver on MATLAB and Xilinx Kishan Y. Rathod 1, Dr. Rajendra D. Patel 2, Amit Chorasiya 3 1 M.E Student / Marwadi Education Foundation s Groups of Institute 2 Accociat
More informationIAC-10-B2.3.5 DESIGN AND VALIDATION OF A SOFTWARE RECEIVER FOR GALILEO
61 st International Astronautical Congress, Prague, CZ. Copyright 21 by the International Astronautical Federation. All rights reserved. IAC-1-B2.3.5 DESIGN AND VALIDATION OF A SOFTWARE RECEIVER FOR GALILEO
More informationModern global navigation satellite
WORKING PAPERS Double Phase Estimator Towards a New Perception of the Subcarrier Component DANIELE BORIO EUROPEAN COMMISSION, JOINT RESEARCH CENTER (JRC) The subcarrier introduced in binary offset carrier
More informationA METHOD OF SIDE-PEAK MITIGATION APPLIED TO BINARY OFFSET CARRIER MODULATED GNSS SIGNALS TRACKING APPLIED IN GNSS RECEIVERS
VOL. 9, NO. 1, DECEMBER 14 ISSN 1819-668 6-14 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved. A METHOD OF SIDE-PEAK MITIGATION APPLIED TO BINARY OFFSET CARRIER MODULATED GNSS SIGNALS TRACKING
More informationUSING THE GRANADA BIT-TRUE SIMULATOR TO ANALYSE THE EFFECT OF CODE DOPPLER SHIFT IN GALILEO E5 AND L1 RECEIVERS 1
USING THE GRANADA BIT-TRUE SIMULATOR TO ANALYSE THE EFFECT OF CODE DOPPLER SHIFT IN GALILEO E5 AND L1 RECEIVERS 1 JOSÉ DIEZ (a), ANTONIO FERNÁNDEZ (a), DARIO FOSSATI (b), LIVIO MARRADI (b), VINCENT GABAGLIO
More informationCompatibility of Galileo E1 Signals with the Radio-Astronomy Band 9
Compatibility of Galileo E Signals with the Radio-Astronomy Band 9 Olivier Julien, Ecole Nationale de l Aviation Civile, Toulouse, France Jean-Luc Issler, Centre Nationale d Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse,
More informationFirst Results of a GNSS Signal Generator Using a PC and a Digital-to-Analog Converter
First Results of a GNSS Signal Generator Using a PC and a Digital-to-Analog Converter Andrea Pósfay, Thomas Pany, Bernd Eissfeller Institute of Geodesy and Navigation, University FA F Munich, Germany BIOGRAPHY
More informationAnalysis of Side Lobes Cancellation Methods for BOCcos(n,m) Signals
Analysis of Side Lobes Cancellation Methods for BOCcosn,m) Signals M. Navarro-Gallardo G. López-Risueño and M. Crisci ESA/ESTEC Noordwijk, The Netherlands G. Seco-Granados SPCOMNAV Universitat Autònoma
More informationBinary Offset Carrier Modulations for Radionavigation
Binary Offset Carrier Modulations for Radionavigation JOHN W. BETZ The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, Massachusetts Received September 2001; Revised March 2002 ABSTRACT: Current signaling for GPS employs
More informationBenefits of amulti-gnss Receiver inaninterference Environment
Benefits of amulti-gnss Receiver inaninterference Environment Ulrich Engel Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics FKIE Department Sensor Data and Information Fusion
More informationDemonstration of BOC(15, 2.5) acquisition and tracking with a prototype hardware receiver
Demonstration of BOC(5, 2.5) acquisition and tracking with a prototype hardware receiver Paul Blunt, Ruediger Weiler, Stephen Hodgart, Surrey Space Centre Martin Unwin Surrey Satellite Technology Limited
More informationDESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INTEGRATED GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM (GNSS) RECEIVER. B.Tech Thesis Report
Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INTEGRATED GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEM (GNSS) RECEIVER B.Tech Thesis Report Submitted by Arun Balajee V, Aswin Suresh and Mahesh
More informationSignal Structures for Satellite-Based Navigation: Past, Present, and Future*
Signal Structures for Satellite-Based Navigation: Past, Present, and Future* John W. Betz 23 April 2013 *Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited. 13-0908. The contents of this material reflect
More informationSX-NSR 2.0 A Multi-frequency and Multi-sensor Software Receiver with a Quad-band RF Front End
SX-NSR 2.0 A Multi-frequency and Multi-sensor Software Receiver with a Quad-band RF Front End - with its use for Reflectometry - N. Falk, T. Hartmann, H. Kern, B. Riedl, T. Pany, R. Wolf, J.Winkel, IFEN
More informationOPTIMAL DUAL FREQUENCY COMBINATION FOR GALILEO MASS MARKET RECEIVER BASEBAND
Copyright Notice c 2009 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works
More informationThe Influence of Multipath on the Positioning Error
The Influence of Multipath on the Positioning Error Andreas Lehner German Aerospace Center Münchnerstraße 20 D-82230 Weßling, Germany andreas.lehner@dlr.de Co-Authors: Alexander Steingaß, German Aerospace
More informationPerspective of Eastern Global Satellite Navigation Systems
POSTER 2015, PRAGUE MAY 14 1 Perspective of Eastern Global Satellite Navigation Systems Jiří SVATOŇ Dept. of Radioengineering, Czech Technical University, Technická 2, 166 27 Praha, Czech Republic svatoji2@fel.cvut.cz
More informationGalileo Ground Segment Reference Receiver Performance Characteristics
Galileo Ground Segment Reference Receiver Performance Characteristics Neil Gerein NovAtel Inc. Calgary, Alberta, Canada neil.gerein@novatel.ca Co-Authors: Allan Manz, NovAtel Inc., Canada Michael Clayton,
More informationAIRPORT MULTIPATH SIMULATION AND MEASUREMENT TOOL FOR SITING DGPS REFERENCE STATIONS
AIRPORT MULTIPATH SIMULATION AND MEASUREMENT TOOL FOR SITING DGPS REFERENCE STATIONS ABSTRACT Christophe MACABIAU, Benoît ROTURIER CNS Research Laboratory of the ENAC, ENAC, 7 avenue Edouard Belin, BP
More informationCode-Subcarrier Smoothing for Code Ambiguity Mitigation
Code-Subcarrier Smoothing for Code Ambiguity Mitigation Moisés Navarro-Gallardo, Gustavo López Risueño and Massimo Crisci European Space Agency, Noordwijk,1AZ, The Netherlands Gonzalo Seco-Granados Universitat
More informationUtilizing Batch Processing for GNSS Signal Tracking
Utilizing Batch Processing for GNSS Signal Tracking Andrey Soloviev Avionics Engineering Center, Ohio University Presented to: ION Alberta Section, Calgary, Canada February 27, 2007 Motivation: Outline
More informationThe Galileo signal in space (SiS)
GNSS Solutions: Galileo Open Service and weak signal acquisition GNSS Solutions is a regular column featuring questions and answers about technical aspects of GNSS. Readers are invited to send their questions
More informationReceiving the L2C Signal with Namuru GPS L1 Receiver
International Global Navigation Satellite Systems Society IGNSS Symposium 27 The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia 4 6 December, 27 Receiving the L2C Signal with Namuru GPS L1 Receiver Sana
More informationCross-Correlation-Function-Based Multipath Mitigation Method for Sine-BOC Signals
RADIOENGINEERING, VOL., NO., JUNE 659 Cross-Correlation-Function-Based Multipath Mitigation Method for Sine-BOC Signals Huihua CHEN, Weimin JIA, Minli YAO Xi an Research Institute of High Technology, Xi
More informationTWO-WAY TIME TRANSFER WITH DUAL PSEUDO-RANDOM NOISE CODES
TWO-WAY TIME TRANSFER WITH DUAL PSEUDO-RANDOM NOISE CODES Tadahiro Gotoh and Jun Amagai National Institute of Information and Communications Technology 4-2-1, Nukui-Kita, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
More informationA FAMILY OF SOLUTIONS BASED ON THE srx-10, A SW DEFINED MULTICONSTELLATION GNSS RECEIVER
ION GNSS+ 2014, Session A5 A FAMILY OF SOLUTIONS BASED ON THE srx-10, A SW DEFINED MULTICONSTELLATION GNSS RECEIVER Teresa Ferreira, Manuel Toledo, José María López, GMV Property of GMV All rights reserved
More informationPerformance of Wideband Mobile Channel with Perfect Synchronism BPSK vs QPSK DS-CDMA
Performance of Wideband Mobile Channel with Perfect Synchronism BPSK vs QPSK DS-CDMA By Hamed D. AlSharari College of Engineering, Aljouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 2014, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, hamed_100@hotmail.com
More informationResults of Galileo AltBOC for Precise Positioning
Results of Galileo AltBOC for Precise Positioning Silva, P.F., Silva, J.S., Peres, T.R., GNSS Technologies Division DEIMOS Engenharia, S.A. Lisbon, Portugal Fernández, A, Palomo., J. M, GNSS Technologies
More informationOptimal Pulsing Schemes for Galileo Pseudolite Signals
Journal of Global Positioning Systems (27) Vol.6, No.2: 133-141 Optimal Pulsing Schemes for Galileo Pseudolite Signals Tin Lian Abt, Francis Soualle and Sven Martin EADS Astrium, Germany Abstract. Galileo,
More informationThe Case for Recording IF Data for GNSS Signal Forensic Analysis Using a SDR
The Case for Recording IF Data for GNSS Signal Forensic Analysis Using a SDR Professor Gérard Lachapelle & Dr. Ali Broumandan PLAN Group, University of Calgary PLAN.geomatics.ucalgary.ca IGAW 2016-GNSS
More informationProceedings of Al-Azhar Engineering 7 th International Conference Cairo, April 7-10, 2003.
Proceedings of Al-Azhar Engineering 7 th International Conference Cairo, April 7-10, 2003. MODERNIZATION PLAN OF GPS IN 21 st CENTURY AND ITS IMPACTS ON SURVEYING APPLICATIONS G. M. Dawod Survey Research
More informationImproved GPS Carrier Phase Tracking in Difficult Environments Using Vector Tracking Approach
Improved GPS Carrier Phase Tracking in Difficult Environments Using Vector Tracking Approach Scott M. Martin David M. Bevly Auburn University GPS and Vehicle Dynamics Laboratory Presentation Overview Introduction
More informationIt is well known that GNSS signals
GNSS Solutions: Multipath vs. NLOS signals GNSS Solutions is a regular column featuring questions and answers about technical aspects of GNSS. Readers are invited to send their questions to the columnist,
More informationSubcarrier Slip Detection for High-Order BOC signals
Subcarrier Slip Detection for High-Order BOC signals Moisés Navarro-Gallardo (1,2), Gustavo López-Risueño (2), Jose Antonio García-Molina (2), Massimo Crisci (2) and Gonzalo Seco-Granados (1) (1) Universitat
More informationUnambiguous BOC Acquisition in Galileo Signal
Unambiguous BO Acquisition in Galileo Signal Wei-Lung Mao, Wei-Yin Zeng, Jyh Sheen, Wei-Ming Wang Department of Electronic Engineering and Graduate of Electro-Optical and Materials Science, National Formosa
More informationA Simulation Tool for Space-time Adaptive Processing in GPS
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Symposium 2006, Cambridge, USA, March 26-29 363 A Simulation Tool for Space-time Adaptive Processing in GPS W. Y. Zhao, L. F. Xu, and R. B. Wu Civil Aviation University
More informationBenefits of a Reconfigurable Software GNSS Receiver in Multipath Environment
Journal of Global Positioning Systems (4) Vol. 3, No. 1-: 49-56 Benefits of a Reconfigurable Software GNSS Receiver in Multipath Environment Fabio Dovis, Marco Pini, Massimiliano Spelat Politecnico di
More informationUniversal Acquisition and Tracking Apparatus for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Signals: Research Patent Introduction (RPI)
Universal Acquisition and Tracking Apparatus for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Signals: Research Patent Introduction (RPI) 27/01/2014 PAR R.JR. LANDRY, M.A. FORTIN ET J.C. GUAY 0 An RPI is
More information4-2 Development of Two-Way Time and Frequency Transfer System with Dual Pseudo Random Noises
4- Development of Two-Way Time and Frequency Transfer System with Dual Pseudo Random Noises We developed Two-Way Satellite Time and Frequency Transfer with Dual Pseudo Random Noises as a method to improve
More informationAnalysis of Processing Parameters of GPS Signal Acquisition Scheme
Analysis of Processing Parameters of GPS Signal Acquisition Scheme Prof. Vrushali Bhatt, Nithin Krishnan Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Thakur College of Engineering and Technology Mumbai-400101,
More informationGPS receivers built for various
GNSS Solutions: Measuring GNSS Signal Strength angelo joseph GNSS Solutions is a regular column featuring questions and answers about technical aspects of GNSS. Readers are invited to send their questions
More informationGPS software receiver implementations
GPS software receiver implementations OLEKSIY V. KORNIYENKO AND MOHAMMAD S. SHARAWI THIS ARTICLE PRESENTS A DETAILED description of the various modules needed for the implementation of a global positioning
More informationGNSS SIGNAL DESIGN APPROACH CONSIDERING RECEIVER PERFORMANCE
GNSS SIGNAL DESIGN APPROACH CONSIDERING RECEIVER PERFORMANCE ABSTRACT Felix Antreich (), Josef A. Nossek (), and Jean-Luc Issler (3) () German Aerospace Center (DLR) Institute for Communications and Navigation,
More informationA Solution to the Next Generation Satellite Navigation Signals
SPECTRAL TRANSPARENT ADHESIVE Spectral Transparent Adhesive A Solution to the Next Generation Satellite Navigation Signals ESA From the reality of GNSS design one can find that the growing expanded applications
More informationLab on GNSS Signal Processing Part I
JRC SUMMERSCHOOL GNSS Lab on GNSS Signal Processing Part I Daniele Borio European Commission Joint Research Centre Davos, Switzerland, July 15-25, 2013 INTRODUCTION Goal of the lab: provide the students
More informationPerformance Study of FLL Schemes for a Successful Acquisition-to-Tracking Transition
Performance Study of FLL Schemes for a Successful Acquisition-to-Tracking Transition Myriam Foucras, Bertrand Ekambi, Ulrich Ngayap, Jen Yu Li, Olivier Julien, Christophe Macabiau To cite this version:
More informationGNSS Doppler Positioning (An Overview)
GNSS Doppler Positioning (An Overview) Mojtaba Bahrami Geomatics Lab. @ CEGE Dept. University College London A paper prepared for the GNSS SIG Technical Reading Group Friday, 29-Aug-2008 To be completed...
More informationPrototype Software-based Receiver for Remote Sensing using Reflected GPS Signals. Dinesh Manandhar The University of Tokyo
Prototype Software-based Receiver for Remote Sensing using Reflected GPS Signals Dinesh Manandhar The University of Tokyo dinesh@qzss.org 1 Contents Background Remote Sensing Capability System Architecture
More informationMonitoring Station for GNSS and SBAS
Monitoring Station for GNSS and SBAS Pavel Kovář, Czech Technical University in Prague Josef Špaček, Czech Technical University in Prague Libor Seidl, Czech Technical University in Prague Pavel Puričer,
More informationOrion-S GPS Receiver Software Validation
Space Flight Technology, German Space Operations Center (GSOC) Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) e.v. O. Montenbruck Doc. No. : GTN-TST-11 Version : 1.1 Date : July 9, 23 Document Title:
More informationSpread Spectrum Techniques
0 Spread Spectrum Techniques Contents 1 1. Overview 2. Pseudonoise Sequences 3. Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Systems 4. Frequency Hopping Systems 5. Synchronization 6. Applications 2 1. Overview Basic
More informationEvery GNSS receiver processes
GNSS Solutions: Code Tracking & Pseudoranges GNSS Solutions is a regular column featuring questions and answers about technical aspects of GNSS. Readers are invited to send their questions to the columnist,
More informationThe Spreading and Overlay Codes for the L1C Signal
The Spreading and Overlay Codes for the L1C Signal Joseph J. Rushanan, The MITRE Corporation BIOGRAPHY Joseph J. Rushanan is a Principal Mathematician in the Signal Processing Section of the MITRE Corporation.
More informationSignal Quality Checks For Multipath Detection in GNSS
Signal Quality Checks For Multipath Detection in GNSS Diego M. Franco-Patiño #1, Gonzalo Seco-Granados *2, and Fabio Dovis #3 # Dipartimento di Elettronica e Telecomunicazioni, Politecnico di Torino Corso
More informationWe are IntechOpen, the world s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists, for scientists. International authors and editors
We are IntechOpen, the world s leading publisher of Open Access books Built by scientists, for scientists 3,800 116,000 120M Open access books available International authors and editors Downloads Our
More informationHOW TO OPTIMIZE GNSS SIGNALS AND CODES FOR INDOOR POSITIONING
HOW TO OPTIMIZE GNSS SIGNALS AND CODES FOR INDOOR POSITIONING Jose-Angel Avila-Rodriguez, Stefan Wallner, Guenter W. Hein Institute of Geodesy and Navigation University FAF Munich BIOGRAPHY José-Ángel
More informationGNSS Signal Structures
GNSS Signal Structures Tom Stansell Stansell Consulting Tom@Stansell.com Bangkok, Thailand 23 January 2018 S t a n s e l l C o n s u l t i n g RL Introduction It s a pleasure to speak with you this morning.
More informationA Design Method of Code Correlation Reference Waveform in GNSS Based on Least-Squares Fitting
sensors Article A Design Method of Code Correlation Reference Waveform in GNSS Based on Least-Squares Fitting Chengtao Xu, Zhe Liu, Xiaomei Tang and Feixue Wang * College of Electronic Science and Engineering,
More informationSPECTRAL SEPARATION COEFFICIENTS FOR DIGITAL GNSS RECEIVERS
SPECTRAL SEPARATION COEFFICIENTS FOR DIGITAL GNSS RECEIVERS Daniele Borio, Letizia Lo Presti 2, and Paolo Mulassano 3 Dipartimento di Elettronica, Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 029,
More informationMULTIPATH EFFECT MITIGATION IN SIGNAL PROPAGATION THROUGH AN INDOOR ENVIRONMENT
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENGINEERING SCIENCES VOL. 2(15), issue 2_2012 ISSN 2247-3769 ISSN-L 2247-3769 (Print) / e-issn:2284-7197 MULTIPATH EFFECT MITIGATION IN SIGNAL PROPAGATION THROUGH AN INDOOR ENVIRONMENT
More informationCharacteristics of the Land Mobile Navigation Channel for Pedestrian Applications
Characteristics of the Land Mobile Navigation Channel for Pedestrian Applications Andreas Lehner German Aerospace Center Münchnerstraße 20 D-82230 Weßling, Germany andreas.lehner@dlr.de Co-Authors: Alexander
More informationChapter 2 Channel Equalization
Chapter 2 Channel Equalization 2.1 Introduction In wireless communication systems signal experiences distortion due to fading [17]. As signal propagates, it follows multiple paths between transmitter and
More informationSearching for Galileo
Searching for Galileo by Mark L. Psiaki, Todd E. Humphreys, Shan Mohiuddin, Steven P. Powell, Alessandro P. Cerruti, and Paul M. Kintner, Jr. Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y., 14853-751, U.S.A. BIOGRAPHIES
More informationEvaluation of the pseudorange performance by using software GPS receiver
Journal of Global Positioning Systems (005) Vol. 4, No. 1-: 15- Evaluation of the pseudorange performance by using software GPS receiver Shun-Ichiro Kondo, Nobuaki Kubo and Akio Yasuda -1-6 Etchujima Koto-ku
More informationForeword by Glen Gibbons About this book Acknowledgments List of abbreviations and acronyms List of definitions
Table of Foreword by Glen Gibbons About this book Acknowledgments List of abbreviations and acronyms List of definitions page xiii xix xx xxi xxv Part I GNSS: orbits, signals, and methods 1 GNSS ground
More informationMultipath Mitigation Techniques for Satellite-Based Positioning Applications
170 Multipath Mitigation Techniques for Satellite-Based Positioning Applications Mohammad Zahidul H. Bhuiyan and Elena Simona Lohan Department of Communications Engineering, Tampere University of Technology
More informationIntroduction to Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Signal Structure
Introduction to Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Signal Structure Dinesh Manandhar Center for Spatial Information Science The University of Tokyo Contact Information: dinesh@iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp
More informationCorrelators for L2C. Some Considerations
Correlators for L2C Some Considerations Andrew dempster Lockheed Martin With the launch of the first modernized GPS Block IIR satellite in September 2006, GNSS product designers have an additional, fully
More informationGNSS-R for Ocean and Cryosphere Applications
GNSS-R for Ocean and Cryosphere Applications E.Cardellach and A. Rius Institut de Ciències de l'espai (ICE/IEEC-CSIC), Spain Contents Altimetry with Global Navigation Satellite Systems: Model correlation
More information