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1 Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB/T NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GB ICS K 81 Communication protocols for swapping battery pack of electric vehicle 电动汽车快换电池箱通信协议 Issued on: August 29, 2016 Implemented on: March 1, 2017 Issued by: General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People s Republic of China; Standardization Administration of the People s Republic of China. Page 1 of 32

2 Table of Contents Foreword Scope Normative references Terms and definitions General Physical layer Data link layer Application layer Overall process of communication Message classification Message format and content Annex A (informative) Network topology of battery pack Annex B (informative) Address configuration of battery pack Annex C (informative) Fault diagnosis messages of battery pack Bibliography Page 2 of 32

3 Foreword This Standard is drafted in accordance with the rules given in GB/T This Standard is proposed and under the jurisdiction of China Electricity Council. Main drafting organizations of this Standard: State Grid Corporation, Zhejiang Electric Power Company, China Electric Power Research Institute, XJ Group Co., Ltd., State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Shanghai Dianba New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Automotive Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai Automotive Industry (Group) Corporation, Beijing Pride New Energy Battery Technology Company, CITIC Guoan Mengguli Power Technology Company, Tianjin Power Battery Co., Ltd., CNOOC New Energy Investment Co., Ltd. Main drafters of this Standard: Su Shengxin, Shen Jianxin, Wu Bin, Ma Jianwei, Chen Feng, Zhang Fan, Yan Weiping, Lin Xiaobin, Li Bin, Zhang Shuangquan, Lian Zhanwei, Chen Xiaonan, Zhao Mingyu, Lv Xianrong, Zhang Jianping, Zhou Jin, Li Haoyu, Li Dandong, Li Panzhong, Wang Yongliang. Page 3 of 32

4 Communication protocols for swapping battery pack of electric vehicle 1 Scope This Standard specifies the definition of swapping battery pack of electric vehicle (hereinafter referred to as battery pack) basing on the communication physical layer, data link layer and application layer of control area network (CAN). This Standard applies to communication between the battery pack and the equipment connected to it. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the dated edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including all amendments) applies. GB/T Terminology of electric vehicles ISO :2003 Road vehicle - Control area network (CAN) - Part 1: Data link layer and physical signaling ISO :2003 Road vehicle - Control area network (CAN) - Part 2: High-speed medium access unit ISO :2006 Road vehicles - Control area network (CAN) - Part 5: High-speed medium access unit with low-power mode SAE J :2006 Recommended practice for serial control and communication vehicle network - Part 11: Physical layer, 250 Kbits/s, twisted shielded pair SAE J :2006 Recommended practice for serial control and communication vehicle network - Part 21: Data link layer SAE J :2006 Recommended practice for serial control and communication vehicle network - Part 73: Diagnostics SAE J :2006 Recommended practice for serial control and communication vehicle network - Part 81: Application Layer - Network Management Page 4 of 32

5 data, requests, responses, negative responses, etc. 3.8 parameter group number; PGN A 24-bit value that uniquely identifies a parameter group. Parameter group numbers include: reserved bits, data pages, PDU format fields (8 bits), group extension fields (8 bits). 3.9 suspect parameter number; SPN A 19-bit value assigned by the application layer to each parameter via the parameter description signal protocol data unit; PDU A specific CAN data frame format transport protocol A portion of the data link layer, providing a mechanism for PGN transmitting data of 9 s or more diagnostic trouble code; DTC A 4- value for identifying the trouble type, the associated trouble mode and the number of occurrences. 4 General 4.1 Communication interface of battery pack uses CAN bus, which is compatible with the communication network of road vehicle control system. 4.2 Data transmission uses the format of of the low position being sent first; the positive current value represents discharging; the negative current value represents charging. 4.3 The battery pack can be used in combination of one pack or more. See Annex A for network topology. Page 6 of 32

6 It adopts two PDU formats defined in 5.3 of SAE J :2006: PDU1 format (PS is the destination address) and PDU2 format (PS is the group extension). PDU1 format achieves the transmission from the CAN data frame directed to a specific target address; PDU2 format is used only for the transmission without specifying a specific destination address. 6.4 Transport protocol function The transport protocol function is used for the transmission of the date of 9 or more s. The specific connection initialization, data transmission and connection closure shall follow the specifications about the message transmission in and 5.10 of SAE J : Address assignment and network management protocol Network address is used to ensure the uniqueness of the message identifier and to indicate the source of the message. The address of the battery pack according to SAE J :2006 specification can be service configurable address, command configurable address, single address mode from self-configuration address, or arbitration address mode, which shall follow the network management protocol configuration address specified in SAE J :2006, see Annex B. The preferred address for the battery pack is shown in Table 2. Table 2 -- Preferred address assignment of battery pack CAN Device Address Battery pack 128(80H) 6.6 Message types It supports 5 message types, namely, command, request, broadcast/response, acknowledgment and group function. The specific definitions follow the specifications about the message type in 5.4 of SAE J : Application layer 7.1 The application layer adopts the form defined by parameters and parameter group. 7.2 The parameter groups are numbered using PGN; each node identifies the contents of the data packet according to the PGN. 7.3 It uses Request PGN to actively acquire the parameter group of other nodes. 7.4 It uses cyclic transmission and event driving to transmit data. 7.5 If more than one PGN data needs to be sent to implement a function, multiple Page 8 of 32

7 7 2 s s s V Extremely low voltage value of single battery or battery module Resolution: 0.01 V/bit, offset: 0 V, value range: 0 V ~ 24 V Extremely high voltage value of single battery or battery module Resolution: 0.01 V/bit, offset: 0 V, value range: 0 V ~ 24 V Extremely-large-deviation voltage value of single battery or battery module Resolution: V/bit, offset: 0 V, value range: 0 V ~ 24 V Low value of discharge temperature High value of discharge temperature Large-deviation value of discharge temperature Extremely low value of discharge temperature Extremely high value of discharge temperature Extremely-large-deviation value of discharge temperature Low value of charge temperature High value of charge temperature Large-deviation value of charge temperature Extremely low value of charge temperature Extremely high value of charge temperature Page 14 of 32

8 1 2 s Allowable maximum input voltage of charging Resolution: 0.1 V/bit, offset: 0 V, value range: 0 V ~ 750 V Allowable minimum temperature of charging Allowable maximum temperature of charging 5 4 s Spare 10.2 Running data messages Basic status PGN63504 See Table 10 for the basic status message format. Table Basic status message format Start bit or Data length SPN Definition of SPN Alarm level, see Alarm status for detailed description <0x00>: = normal, <0x01>: = level 1 alarm, <0x03>: = level 3 alarm, <0x05>: = level 5 alarm The rest is reserved Serial number of the location of battery pack Resolution: 1/bit, offset: 0, value range: 1 ~ s Maximum current value that the battery pack can output Resolution: 00.5 A/bit, offset: A, value range: A ~ A 5 2 s Maximum feedback current value that the battery pack can withstand Resolution: 00.5 A/bit, offset: A, value range: A ~ A bits Battery pack s fan status <00>: = off, <01>: = on, <10>, <11>: = unavailable bits Heating device status <00>: = off, <01>: = on, <10>, <11>: = unavailable bits Balanced status <00>: = off, <01>: = on, <10>, <11>: = unavailable bits Reserved 8 1 Reserved Alarm status PGN Page 16 of 32

9 6.3 2 bits Voltage deviation beyond limit <00>: = normal, <01>: = reserved; <10>: = beyond extreme upper limit; <11>: = unavailable bits Temperature beyond extreme limits <00>: = normal, <01>: = extremely beyond lower limit; <10>: = extremely beyond upper limit; <11>: = unavailable bits Temperature deviation beyond extreme limits <00>: = normal, <01>: = reserved; <10>: = extremely beyond upper limit; <11>: = unavailable bits SOC extremely low <00>: = normal, <01>: = extremely low; <10>: = reserved; <11>: = unavailable bits Discharge current beyond extreme limits <00>: = normal, <01>: = reserved; <10>: = extremely beyond upper limit; <11>: = unavailable bits Charge current beyond extreme limits <00>: = normal, <01>: = reserved; <10>: = extremely beyond upper limit; <11>: = unavailable bits Temperature beyond extreme limits of total positive and negative poles <00>: = normal, <01>: = reserved; <10>: = extremely beyond upper limit; <11>: = unavailable bits Extremely low high-voltage insulation <00>: = normal, <01>: = extremely low; <10>: = reserved; <11>: = unavailable bits Hardware failure <00>: = normal, <01>: = fault; <10>: = reserved; <11>: = unavailable bits Reserved Voltage and current SOC data PGN63506 See Table 12 for the format of voltage and current SOC data messages. Table Format of voltage and current SOC data messages Start bit or Data length SPN Definition of SPN 1 2 s Voltage measured value Resolution: 0.1 V/bit, offset: 0 V, value range: 0 V ~ 750 V 3 2 s Measured current Resolution: 0.05 A/bit, offset: A, value range: A ~ A 5 2 s Current SOC Resolution: 0.1 %/bit, offset: 0 %, value range: 0 % ~ Page 18 of 32

10 Resolution: 1/bit, offset: 0, value range: 1 ~ Lowest temperature SN of temperature detection point with lowest temperature Resolution: 1/bit, offset: 0, value range: 1 ~ Temperature of connector s total positive pole Temperature of connector s total negative pole 7 2 s Reserved NOTE: The highest temperature and lowest temperature do not include the temperature of connector s total positive pole and total negative pole Outputting electrical energy data PGN63524 See Table 17 for the format of the output energy data messages. Table Format of output energy messages Start bit or Data length SPN Definition of SPN Cumulative output electrical energy value, needs to have a 1 4 s non-volatile memory to record the energy value Resolution: 0.1 kwh/bit, offset: 0 kwh, value range: 0 kwh ~ kwh 5 2 s Output electrical energy value, the electrical energy value of each driving Resolution: 0.1 kwh/bit, offset: 0kWh, value range: 0 kwh ~ kwh 7 2 s Reserved Input electrical energy data PGN63525 See Table 18 for the format of the input energy data messages. Table Format of input electrical energy messages Start bit or Data length SPN Definition of SPN Cumulative output electrical energy value, needs to have a 1 4 s non-volatile memory to record the energy value Resolution: 0.1 kwh/bit, offset: 0 kwh, value range: 0 kwh ~ kwh Page 21 of 32

11 Table Format of charger s charge abort messages Start bit or Data length SPN Definition of SPN Reasons to charge abort Bits 1 ~ 2: abort when fulfill the setting condition of the charger <00>: normal, <01>: = abort when fulfill the setting condition of the charger, <10>: = untrusted state Bits 3 ~ 4: manual abort <00>: = normal, <01>: = manual abort, <10>: = untrusted state Bits 5 ~ 6: abort due to fault <00>: = normal, <01>: = manual abort, <10>: = untrusted state 3 2 s Fault reasons to charger s charge abort Bits 1 ~ 2: charger s over-temperature fault <00>: = normal, <01>: = fault, <10>: = untrusted state Bits 3 ~ 4: charging connector fault <00>: = normal, <01>: = fault, <10>: = untrusted state Bits 5 ~ 6: charger s internal over-temperature fault <00>: = normal, <01>: = fault, <10>: = untrusted state Bit 7 ~ 12: the required power cannot be transmitted <00>: = normal, <01>: = fault, <10>: = untrusted state Bits 9 ~ 10: charger s emergency stop fault <00>: = normal, <01>: = charger s emergency stop, <10>: = untrusted state Bits 11 ~ 12: other faults <00>: = normal, <01>: = fault, <10>: = untrusted state Error reasons to charger s charge abort Bits 1 ~ 2: current mismatch <00>: = current match, <01>: = current mismatch, <10>: = untrusted state Bits 3 ~ 4: voltage abnormal <00>: = normal, <01>: = voltage abnormal, <10>: = untrusted state Bits 5 ~ 6: temperature abnormal <00>: = normal, <01>: = temperature abnormal, <10>: = untrusted state 6 3 s Reserved 10.3 Maintenance messages Setting basic parameter 1 PGN Page 24 of 32

12 Annex C (informative) Fault diagnosis messages of battery pack C.1 Diagnostic trouble code Diagnostic trouble code (DTC) consists of 4 independent fields, see Table C.1. Table C.1 -- Diagnostic trouble code (DTC) Suspect parameter Conversion method Failure mode identifier Number of occurrence number (SPN) that (CM) of suspect (FMI) (OC) occurs faults parameter number 19 bits 5 bits 7 bits 1 bits Where: the 19-bit number of the suspect parameter number (SPN) is the diagnostic item used to identify the fault report. The suspect parameter number is independent of the address code of the control module that sends the fault diagnosis information. SPN number is the fault information and alarm information in the battery pack defined in , such as SPN10288 ~ SPN10329, etc. The failure mode identifier (FMI) is defined as the fault type occurring in the battery pack. The data length is 5 bits, and the data state is 0 ~ 31, totally 32 types; the current defined fault code identifiers are as follows: <0>: = hardware failure; <1>: = insulation failure; <2>: = charge failure; <3>: = level 1 alarm; <4>: = level 3 alarm; <5>: = level 5 alarm; <6 ~ 31>: = reserved. The number of occurrences (OC) defines the number of times a fault changes from the previous active state to the active state, with a maximum of 126, and the counter value remains at 126 when the counter overflows. If the number of occurrences is unknown, all bits in the field are set to 1. The conversion method (CM) for the suspect parameter number is set to 0, indicating Page 28 of 32

13 be cleared, and the diagnostic data related to the current fault code will not be affected. If there is no historical fault code, the control module must send a positive acknowledgment. If, for any reason, the control module cannot execute the requested instruction of this parameter group, then a negative acknowledgment must be sent. All information related to the historical fault code, including: the number of historical fault codes and diagnostic readiness state information and historical fault codes. f) Stop frame parameter PGN34560 Message purpose: a list of parameters that have been recorded when a diagnostic fault code is received. Each fault code is 4 s. The extra 8 s of the data segment are transmitted using the transport protocol function. The format of the stop frame parameter message is shown in Table C.6. Table C.6 -- Format of stop frame parameter message Start bit or Data length Definition of SPN 1 1 The stop frame length of the first failure diagnostic code 2 1 The lower 8 valid bits of the first current fault code SPN 3 1 The 2nd of the first current fault code SPN bits The higher 3 bits of the first current fault code SPN bits Failure mode identifier bits Number of occurrences bit Conversion method of suspect parameter number is set to 0 Page 31 of 32