Alexandrine Huot Québec City June 7 th, 2016

Transcription

1 Innovative Infrared Imaging. Alexandrine Huot Québec City June 7 th, 2016

2 Telops product offering Outlines. Time-Resolved Multispectral Imaging of Gases and Minerals Background notions of infrared multispectral imaging Applications Remote sensing of Combustion Reaction Time-resolved multispectral imaging of gases Multispectral imaging of minerals Telops MS-IR Series Benefits of Telops MS-IR cameras

3 Quebec City. Telops was established in 2000 in Quebec City. Has over 50 employees (Ph.D., M.Sc., Eng.). Is privately owned & profitable since its creation. Is established as a world leader in thermal infrared imaging solutions.

4 What We Do. Defence & Security Aerospace Oil & Gas Environment Industrial Academic Research.

5 Our Product Lines. Two Product Lines to Fit Your Needs.

6 The Hyper-Cam. Lightweight. Compact. Advanced. For ground based or airborne applications 320 x 256 pixel cooled detector Adjustable spectral resolution of 0.25 to 150 cm -1 Many choices of spectral bands: LWIR: µm LWIR Narrow-Band: µm Methane MWIR: 3-5 µm MWIR-E: µm Standard fields of view: 20 x x x 1.4 Open-Pit Mine

7 The IR Cams. High-Performance Cameras to Meet the Most Demanding Research Applications. Five categories of infrared cameras customizable to suit your needs: High-Speed (FAST-IR) High-Definition (HD-IR) High-Dynamic-Range (HDR-IR) Multispectral (MS-IR) Thermal Scientific Measurement (TS-IR)

8 Infrared Self-Emission. Background Notions. LWIR MWIR SWIR NIR VIS All objects emit infrared radiation The amount of infrared radiation, as well as the maximum intensity of the Planck curve varies as a function of temperature At thermal equilibrium, objects that absorb infrared (IR) radiation will re-emit IR radiation The emissivity ( ) refers to the reflective nature of an object Value between 0 and 1 Spectral radiance [W/(m 2 sr cm -1 )] Planck Curve K 400 K K Wavenumbers [cm -1 ]

9 Broadband Infrared Imaging. Infrared focal plane array (FPA) detectors are only sensitive over a defined spectral range. For example: Very longwave (VLW): 8-12 μm Longwave (LW): 8-10 μm Midwave (MW): 3-5 μm The signal measured for each pixel corresponds to the sum of all contributions, from all objects (solids, liquids and gases) and in the FPA detector spectral range Planck Curve 300 K 400 K 500 K Hot Spectral radiance [W/(m 2 sr cm -1 )] Wavenumbers [cm -1 ] Cold

10 Infrared Imaging of Selective Absorbers/Emitters What happens when imaging such object/chemicals? Spectral radiance [W/(m 2 sr cm -1 )] SF 6 Minor contribution on the measured signal = Little contrast vs Spectral radiance [W/(m 2 sr cm -1 )] Wavenumbers [cm -1 ] Wavenumbers [cm -1 ]

11 Infrared Imaging of Selective Absorbers/Emitters What happens when imaging such object/chemicals? Spectral radiance [W/(m 2 sr cm -1 )] Lack of spectral information = No selectivity 0.02 SO vs Wavenumbers [cm -1 ] SF Spectral radiance [W/(m 2 sr cm -1 )] Wavenumbers [cm -1 ]

12 Multispectral Imaging. The spectral range is split into several regions using spectral filters Intensity at each pixel represents the sum of all contributions in sub defined spectral ranges (i.e. filters)

13 Telops MS-IR Series. Selection of 8 Spectral Bands Interchangeable by user Filter wheel synchronized to detector frame rate Time-resolved multispectral imaging Filter wheel 6000 RPM Acquisition rate up to 800 Hz 100 Hz/band Different acquisition modes Static (fixed position) Synchronously rotating

14 Innovative Infrared Imaging. Remote Sensing of Combustion Reaction

15 Turbulent Flames. Combustion applications. Unpredictable behavior Methanol (CH 3 OH) flame Rapid phenomena Characterization using invasive technique is difficult Sampling issues Non-reproducible Combining results from different experiments not possible Computational models difficult to validate

16 Infrared Imaging. Turbulent Flame. Good spatial and temporal resolution Limitations Lack of selectivity toward the chemical nature of the gas Lack of quantitative information Temperature Concentration Unrealistic temperature values when gases are involved

17 Remote Sensing of Combustion. C H + O H O + CO + CO + C Pure blackbody radiation Typical combustion gases such as CO 2, H 2 O, CO are selective absorber/emitters of infrared radiation Typical combustion Radiometric calibration of broadband cameras doesn t account for selective absorbers/emitters

18 Time-Resolved Multispectral Imaging. Camera Configuration. Telops MS-IR MW FAST: Spectral filters 8-position filter wheel 100 Hz/spectral band Auto-exposure control in realtime Hydrocarbons Through-flame CO 2 red-spike CO 2 blue-spike CO H 2 O+NO

19 Time-Resolved Multispectral Imaging. Results. Hydroc. Through-flame CO 2 red-spike CO 2 blue-spike CO H 2 O+NO

20 Radiative Transfer Model. First attempt using a simple semi-translucent multi-layers radiative transfer model Integration over the spectral ranges associated with the filters In-band radiance (IBR) profiles Low-resolution spectra Optimization carried out on the different unknown parameters L = L τ + 1 τ L τ + L Function of gas plume: temperature concentration

21 Realistic flame temperature values are obtained through IBR-profile optimization Typical Results. Residues (%) IBR (W/m 2.sr) IBR (W/m 2.sr) Measurement Fit Residues Spectral Channel

22 Quantitative 100 Hz.

23 Innovative Infrared Imaging. Time-Resolved Multispectral Imaging of Gases

24 Time-resolved Multispectral Imaging of Methanol Vapors. Warm methanol vapors Infrared emission dominates Normalized in-band radiance (IBR) Compare the response of individual spectral filters on a mutual basis The greatest contrast associated with methanol vapors is obtained through filters #5 and #6 as expected

25 In-Band Radiance (IBR). Gases detection. Integrate the Planck curve for each spectral filter Predict the response of each filter toward a specific target based on its infrared spectral signature Use this spectral information to enhance thermal contrast in the scene

26 Detection of Methanol Plume using IBR. Hot Broadband sequence (filter #1) at 30 Hz. Methanol correlation sequence at 30 Hz Cold Radiance Channel

27 Innovative Infrared Imaging. Multispectral Imaging of Minerals

28 Infrared spectral signature analysis. Solid targets. Quartz (SiO 2 ) selectively absorb/emits infrared radiation in the longwave infrared (LWIR) spectral range (8-12 μm) Quartz emissivity is lowest for bands #2, #4 and #5 Absorption/ Reflection Quartz correlation Quartz emissivity is highest for bands #6, #7, #8 and #3 Blackbody-like

29 Infrared spectral signature analysis. Solid targets. Hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ) drill core containing quartz (SiO 2 ) veins Iron pyrite (FeS 2 ) Amethyst: quartz doped with irons (Fe)

30 Conclusions. Time-resolved infrared multispectral imaging combines spatial temporal and spectral resolution The simple correlation image between the multispectral in-band radiance and the known target emissivity (solids) or absorption (gases) spectral signature offers target identification capabilities The outcome is the validation of an interesting new technique for target infrared signature measurement, which combines the high frame rates of conventional thermal imaging to spectral analysis techniques Quantitative chemical information Represents an interesting alternative to hyperspectral imaging for some applications Fast frame rate Low spectral resolution requirements Higher spatial resolution Lower cost (-$)

31 Main Applications. Multispectral Imaging. Site monitoring (safety) IR signature of targets Surface contaminants Specific solvent vapor/gas detection Camouflage characterization Mineral analysis/classification Energetic material

32 Telops MS-IR Series. Models. Specification MS-IR MW MS-IR VLW Detector type [-] MCT or InSb HD MCT HD InSb FAST InSb MCT Spectral Band [µm] 3 to 5, 1.5 to 5 (optional InSB) 3.7 to to 5, 1.5 to 5 (optional) 3 to to 5.4 (optional) 7.7 to 11.8 Spatial resolution [Pixels] 640 x x x x x256 Typical NETD [mk] Number of bands [-] 8

33 In Short... We offer high-performance infrared broadband, multispectral and hyperspectral imagers. Our cameras present the best combination of: Spatial resolution Spectral resolution Temporal resolution & Sensitivity. All of our imagers are customizable to meet your specific needs.

34 Questions?

35 Have a Question? Ask Our Team. Our Sales Reps & Field Application Scientists are eager to answer all your questions. North America, Australia & Asia: Vincent Farley Vincent.Farley@Telops.com Europe, Middle East & USA: Philippe Lagueux Philippe.Lagueux@Telops.com Field Application Scientist: Alexandrine Huot Alexandrine.Huot@Telops.com Headquarters: St-Jean-Baptiste Ave Quebec QC Canada G2E 6J5 Tel: +1 (418) Fax: +1 (418) contact@telops.com

36 T H A N K Y O U! (Image taken with the HD-IR.)