Communicating customer expectations

Transcription

1 Communicating customer expectations Large Format Printing his fault his fault Fogra Specification System and Process Check for Large Format Printing application V1.1 Fogra Graphic Technology Research Association Streitfeldstrasse 19, Munich Source: F. Süßl 1

2 Agenda 1. Who and what is Fogra? 2. Customers expectations and market requirements 3. Meeting customer expectations with PSD 4. PSD Print Check LFP - Check day-by-day production 5. FograSpec LFP 6. Why PSD and not PSO 7. Summary Source: LPP Designers Guide 2

3 1. Who and what is Fogra? In 1951 the german printing industry (small and medium enterprises) decided to put some money together Fogra stands for Forschung im grafischen Gewerbe - research in the graphic arts Fogra is governed/owned by its members (who also constitute the board of directors) neutrality Aiming for an lawyer of the printer - an manufacturer independent organization Similar organizations in US (GATF), UK (PIRA), Switzerland (Ugra), Spain (AIDO), etc Fogra is financed (ca. 5 Million turnover) by 1 Mio. membership fees 2 Mio. research funds from the country/state/eu (based on extensive application) In order to compensate for the remaining losses, Fogra provides regular services such as control wedges, certifications, symposia etc 34

4 1. Fogra - the service provider in the graphic arts industry Research And development Consultancy, measuring and expert opinions Fogra- Services Committee work and Standardization Dissemination and Training Fogra, active in four fields of activities 4

5 1. Challenges for image quality assessment Lord W. T. Kelvin, Lecture to the Institution of Civil engineers, London, 3 May 1883 "All colors must be evaluated numerically". A. Kling, Keynote, Color Management Conference We need objective measures (if possible based on agreed upon [ISO] standards) 5

6 1. The FograCert Eco-System Audience Proofing Validation Print Offset printing Digital Printing Manufacturer Ability of a system ISO ISO Machine acceptance test System Check service providers Gültig bis Ability to create... ISO ISO For end users Conformance PSO - Conformance check PSD Print Check Digital LFP day to day practice MediaStandard Print (MSP) ProcessStandard Digital (PSD) ISO For individuals 6

7 2. What are the customer's expectations? Internet Tablet PC DVD, Motion Picture Multi Channel Publishing Consistent colour rendering across all media Lets ask PDF/X ISO : to permit the predictable dissemination of a compound entity to one or more locations. Printing Typical colour gamuts Representing the range of output media Act as an interchange or exchange space 7

8 2. New Features: I Gradual Quality Evaluation Full Reference Consistency Predictability Closer is better Accuracy Do we need to have the same level of accuracy (tolerances)? Certainly not. Are there more expectations? Sure! Zero Reference Make it "Sexy" Match Preferences ISO (PSD) proposal: Quality types A, B & C 8

9 2. New Features: II Media Relative Evaluation Offset, premium coated Newspaper CJV, Ferrari Frontlit Offset Web Coated 9

10 2. What does printing the expecting means? Just to get colourful it is not enough anymore Globalization, new media and marketing trends in need of graphic technology color quality Not just THE EXPECTED, but across Different locations Different printing technologies Different substrates Production batches Different viewing environments WALL - > Free- PVC Wallpaper CAR DOOR BODY - >Self- adhesive Vinyl (SAV) WINDOW - > Oneway View SAV FLOOR - > Floor graphics SAV GLASS - > Wasn t suppose to be in the picture Source: D. Pitigoi 10

11 3. Matching expectations with Fogra PSD PSD Handbook Printing the Excepted with PSD Free Download German & English > downloads Code of practice for digital printing Concept of combination 11

12 3. PSD goals 1. Output Process Control 2. Colour Fidelity Proof to Print Match Large Format Small Format 3. Workflow Stability Printing the Expected Data Preflight PDF/X Creation PDF/X Output Altona Test Suite V1 & V2 ICC Handling Light Audit 12

13 PSD Tools for colour accuracy Fogra MediaWedge Standard Layout Fogra MediaWedge LFP Same chart can be read by almost all measuring devices Wider patches Lots of measurements and averaging Big enough ΔE* between adjacent patches eliminate the need for contrast bars Fogra evaluation supported by: Barbieri DOC Digital Output Control CGS Certify Print ColorArena Caldera 9+ EFI Verifier Production Gate 7+ :Apogee Prepress 9.1 and :Asanti 2.0 basiccolor catch 13

14 4. Print Check - Printing Combination In digital printing, important components are intermingled Combination Important information required: 1. Reference printing condition Type of appraisal: Side-by-Side or Media Relative 2. Colour accuracy Level (artwork): A, B or C 3. Printing system (press) 4. Printing substrate 5. Colour management software 6. Production workflow 14

15 3. PSD certified customers Staudigl Druck using HP Scitex TurboJet 15

16 3. PSD certified customers Media Tech Service in Bukarest using OCE Arizona 660XT Read full story in Fogra news 41 See all (LFP) certified companies at Fogra webpage. 16

17 Hamburgefogra 1,0 Hamburgefogra 1,5 Hamburgefogra 2 Hamburgefogra 3 Hamburgefogra 4 Hamburgefogra 5 source: roman16 Print Check Digital Hamburgefogra 1,0 Hamburgefogra1,5 Hamburgefogra 2 Hamburgefogra 3 Hamburgefogra 4 Hamburgefogra 5 Ref. TV = 50% Michi-93 «Cessna Caravan» / CC-Lizenz (BY 2.0), creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/de/deed.de / Quelle: source: ECI / Cleverprinting source: Cleverprinting Testform 2007 by Jens Kollmorgen / Cleverprinting.de 2015, Color Concepts, Print Summit 4. Print Check - Checking day-by-day production Let print service providers show what they can: Use Fogra test form Impose it 3x3, 4x4 etc Press: Substrate: Comment: (e.g. Print Mode) Output: PDF/X-1a, FOGRA39 LFP: 10 samples (fill 66 % of printing width) SFP: 20 random samples (print run = 500) skin colours PSD Print Check Print run: Nr.... Print it and send it to Fogra Evaluate Contrast-Resolution Test Target Ver. 1.9 % Contrast, Log step increments brown shades, metal Colour Accuracy Uniformity (visual) Hamburgefogra 6 Hamburgefogra 8 Hamburgefogra 10 Hamburgefogra 12 Hamburgefogra 14 Hamburgefogra 6 Hamburgefogra 8 Hamburgefogra 10 Hamburgefogra 12 Hamburgefogra 14 Resolution, Line Pairs per Millimeter, Log steps A B C Detail Resolution (Contrast) D E F G H J K Franz Sigg, 2014 Licensed for Fogra Image Quality Testform. For other uses, obtain license from Franz Sigg at fxsppr@rit.edu overprint bleeding Detail sharpness (visual) Fogra report, certificate and homogeneity webpage entry details, gradients edge sharpness colour gradient Place your Fogra MediaWedge CMYK V3.0 17

18 5. FograSpec LFP (ISO/DTS ) Large Format Printing Fogra Specification System and Process Check for Large Format Printing application V1.1 Fogra Graphic Technology Research Association Streitfeldstrasse 19, Munich Source: D. Pitigoi 18

19 5. Categorising LFP applications Digital Fine Art Digital Photography Decoration Promo displays POP/POS Advertising posters Displays Packaging Exhibition graphics Event graphics Information signs Personalized signs Traffic signs Banners & building covers Billboards Transit signage Vehicle wraps Fleet graphics Truck curtains Usage Indoor & Outdoor Viewing distance 1. Close range Photo 2. Average range POS 3. Increased range Banner 4. Distant range Billboard 19

20 5. FograSpec LFP Categories: Details Four viewing distance based categories and typical associated use cases Optimal viewing/reading distance that is defined to be equal to the diagonal of the media format of the printed product Use case categories Examples of typical applications Typical intended viewing distance Close range Photo Fine Art, Photography, Interior Decoration, Small POP/POS, Backlit, Displays and Signs, Decoration Up to 1,5 m Average range POS POP/POS Displays, Trade Show Graphics, General Purpose Signage, Citylight, Advertising Posters 1,5 5 m Increased range Banner Outdoor Backlit, Unipol, Wall Murals, Large Trade Show Graphics, Banners, Scroller, Transportation/Bus Shelters, Vehicle Wraps 5 15 m Distant range Billboard Billboards, Big banners & Building covers Over 15 m 20

21 ab diagram, FOGRA 39 (blue) and measurements (red) computed with Heidelberg Color Tool , Color Concepts, Print Summit 5. FograSpec LFP Checks important image quality attributes uniformity, detail sharpness, graininess provides aim values and tolerances for each product category Spec can be downloaded freely Spec is currently in Beta Contact us for a test evaluation IQ Testform Company Contact Person Printer Print Mode RIP Software Substrate Example Company John Smith, smith@company.com Example Printer Device Mode Example RIP Software Example Substrate V. 001 Draft - Image Quality Report - Summary Colour P Score (Number of tonal steps) P Score P Score Colour technical visual Cyan 85,0 41,3 Magenta 80,0 43,9 Yellow 87,0 31,9 Black 89,0 46,5 Device Mode Analysis Colour Gamut ΔE³ Comments on Colour + Detail Sharpness L Score (Perceptual Resolution) Edge Blurriness Further criteria to come L Score Category Comment 8 horizontal 0 horizontal 24 horizontal 58,1 Satisfactory vertical 8 vertical 24 vertical Edge Raggedness 0 horizontal 8 horizontal 24 horizontal vertical 8 vertical 24 vertical Uniformity M Score (Macroscopic mottling) Printer Noise (Average) Comments on Homogeneity Tone value M Score Category ΔE*ab Max. MCDM Comment MCDM light grey 74,5 Good 0,36 0,61 medium grey 69,1 Satisfactory dark grey 73,3 Good Artefacts Visual Evaluation IQ-Report Universal LFP 21

22 6. Why PSD and not PSO? PSO was developed in 1982 by Fogra (issued by bvdm) and improved over the years it was dedicated for offset printing and serves a great deal it was not copyrighted and therefor anyone can use (misuse) it concepts, aim values and tolerances can't be transferred to digital printing PSD was developed from to serve the digital printing needs (learning from PSO) Process Agnostic Matching FOGRA39 assures offset quality Addressing Digital Printing needs Developed and maintained by Fogra (@DPWG) Multilevel tolerancing Media Relative Reproduction based on dedicated digital printing standards such as ISO More information: 22

23 7. Summary Internet Tablet PC DVD, Motion Picture Demonstrate that you understand customer expectations Improve colour communication throughout the food chain Matching Offset is just one use case Implement objective means for you process control and quality assurance Multi Channel Publishing Printing Conventional Printing Consistent colour rendering across all media Typical colour gamuts Representing the range of output media Act as an interchange or exchange space Digital Printing Gültig bis

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25 Backup - Details about image quality Providing tolerances for the three quality types Providing tolerances for spot colour reproduction based an selected image appraisal types (identical versus media-relative) Common appearance to be added later proposed: current candidate of ISO

26 Colour: Number of visual & technical discernible tonal steps 26

27 Perceptual resolution - concept Testchart-Design Correct Interpretation (Driving) - RIP-resolution Printing - Imaging-resolution Perceptual Resolution Correlate Resolution attributes native addressability effective addressability edge blurriness edge raggedness MTF more to come Print Inspection (visually measurement wise) 27

28 Perceptual resolution Different tolerances for the pertinent quality levels edge blurriness and edge raggedness legibility Mis-registration ISO candidate 28

29 Perceptual resolution 29

30 Correlates tested so far at Fogra Edge Sharpness (inverse of blurriness) a measure of the average edge profile transition width in the direction perpendicular to the edge using the square Edge Raggedness a measure of the average edge profile variation (50%) in the direction parallel to the edge using the rotated squares with 8 degree JTC1, SC28 WG4 works actively on these measures Further fine tuning is needed Round robin tests are underway Practical aspects of scanner influence, repeatability and reproducibility are yet to be evaluated

31 blurriness and raggedness in detail Raggedness Blurriness Scan 31

32 Mis-Registration (example) Digital production machine Print Run: 500 Data Path: Device Mode Test elements: 4 Positions Format: SRA measurements for K/C, K/C, K/Y Pos. 3 Pos. 4 printing direction Pos. 1 Pos. 2 A B C 32

33 Evaluation of homogeneity Homogeneity (uniformity) subjective impression of colour uniformity across a large image that is intended to have a uniform colour. Refers to all types of colour variation: lightness, hue, saturation derivatives of these can be measured separately or in combination Variation geometry: 1D, 2D, periodic, aperiodic, localized, large-scale, and small-scale variation, separately or in combination such as streaks, bands, gradients, mottle, graininess and moiré. 33

34 Evaluation of homogeneity Development of M-Score: Compute the CIELAB colour differences E00 between neighbouring patches 2. Sum measurements for rows and columns and normalize them. 3. Calculate M-Score 34

35 M-Score in detail M-Score Meaning Comments 95 Perfect Inkjetprint on proofing substrate showing no visible inhomogeneities > 80 Very Good Print with slightly visible inhomogeneities (e.g. some Mottling). No visible stripes. > 70 Good Print with visible inhomogeneities (Mottling) but almost no visible stripes. > 60 Satisfactory Mottling and stripes visible. Is still accepted by most observers. > 50 Adequate Print with clearly visible mottling and/or stripes. Acceptance is highly dependent on the printed image. < 50 Poor (But sellable) Clearly visible mottling and stripes. Not accepted as high quality print 35

36 How to use M-Score in a standard. ISO candidate toner based systems based on a evaluation of photo books (toner based systems) 36

37 Homogeneity: One word about graininess Rank order experiment test charts different levels of graininess We propose three default viewing distances (50 cm [reading], 100 cm [POP] and 1,5 m [Large Format] Simple evaluation of standard test chart with a standard scanner 37