Line Op Art. In the mid-20th century, artists such as Josef Albers, Victor Vasarely, and M.C. Escher experimented with Optical Art.

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1 Intro Basic line, space Line Op Art Concept/Skill:When lines are close together in patterns, colors, motion or other optical illusions are created. OHS line - A1, A2, C4, C5, D3 Objective: The learner will create 4 practice designs using different types of lines, experience optical illusions from various sources, create a final design using one of the practice designs, explore Op Art including Bridget Riley. Activity Create an optical illusion through the use of line Steps: Have optical illusion slide show. Have students discuss each in terms of what they are seeing and how their eye is affected by the visual. 1. Have students take a sheet of newsprint and fold into fourths. Have students create small designs using line only. *The closer the lines are together without touching the better the illusion* 2. Once all four areas are completed, share with small group and determine the final design. 3. Create the final design using a black felt tip marker and a 9X12 white sulfite piece of paper. Rubric - Completed practice paper using different types of lines. Optical illusion. Line precision Craftsmanship Materials pencils, rulers, white paper, black markers, newsprint - Completed final design. Optical illusion. Line precision Craftsmanship Vocabulary diagonal, horizontal, vertical, curvilinear, thick, thin, optical illusion, Op Art Notes: Optical Art 1950's to 1960's Optical Art is a mathematically-oriented form of (usually) Abstract art, which uses repetition of simple forms and colors to create vibrating effects, moire patterns, an exaggerated sense of depth, foreground-background confusion, and other visual effects. In the mid-20th century, artists such as Josef Albers, Victor Vasarely, and M.C. Escher experimented with Optical Art. In the 1960's, the term "Op Art" was coined to describe the work of a growing group of abstract painters. This movement was led by Vasarely and Bridget Riley.

2 Intro Intermediate OHS Objective: Activity Steps: line, space line A1, A2, C4, C5, D3 Line Op Art Concept/Skill: Create an optical illusion through the use of line and color (use angle, closeness of lines and color contrast devices to optically create an edge, thus showing a drawing shape or word that would otherwise be hidden. 1. Show/describe Op art - Bridget Riley, Victor Vasarelly 2. Lightly draw geometric shapes or silhouette of object or block lettered word. Fill the format. 3. Draw evenly spaced lines across format. Rubric 4. Paint one line at a time, changing colors within that line if there is an intersecting space. Craftsmanship-hard edge Materials optical effect Vocabulary Notes: Optical Art is a mathematically oriented form of (usually) abstract art, which uses repetition of simple forms and colors to create vibrating effects, moiré patterns, and exaggerated sense of depth, foreground-background confusion, and other visual effects.

3 Intro Basic OHS: Objective: Activity Steps: Hard Edge Op Art Concept/Skill: line, space A1, A2, C4, C5, D3 Draw a hard edge Op art design 1. Draw set of lines from corner radiating outward. 2. Draw second set of lines from corner radiating outward and crossing first set of lines Rubric 3. Color every other space with one color marker or color pencil hard edge design Materials color

4 Intro Tessellations Concept/Skill: Intermediate- Advanced OHS Math/Art 9.14, 9.21 Objective: Activity Steps: C2, C4, C6 Use polygons to create tessellations Use one or more congruent shapes to make a tessellation 1. Review definitions: Plane; polygon; tessellation; 4 types of transformation: translation, rotation, reflection, glide reflection. 2. choose polygon, cut/tape sections. Define object 3. Trace object onto paper 4. Continue transformation of object and tracing 5. Cover entire paper with tessellations Rubric originality of object from polygon craftsmanship tessellation Materials Vocabulary PLANE a two-dimensional, flat surface that is infinite Polygon a simple closed shape. Polygons are named according to the number of sides and angles they contain. Triangle - quadrilateral - pentagon - hexagon - heptagon - octagon - nonagon - decagon Transformation a movement of a figure to a new location Four Types of Transformations (movements) Translation (or slide) - a transformation involving a slide of a rigid figure Rotation - a transformation that turns a figure about a point in a plane Reflection (or a flip) - a transformation that mirrors a figure in a plane Glide Reflection - a transformation that moves a figure in a slide and also mirrors it. Notes: TESSELLATION Patterns of geometric design are all around us. We see them every day, woven into the fabric of the clothes we wear, laid in the hallways of buildings and printed on

5 the wallpaper of our homes. These patterns are intriguing to the eye. There is a special class of geometric patterns called tessellation. The word tessellation comes from the Latin word tessella, which was the small, square stone or tile used in ancient Roman mosaics. Tessellations are also known as tilings or mosaics. A tessellation is a pattern made up of one or more shapes, completely covering a surface without any gaps or overlaps. In the twentieth century, a number of artists have applied the concept of tessellating patterns in their work. The best known of these is Dutch artist M. C. Escher. He altered geometric tessellating shapes into such forms as birds, reptiles, fish, and people. Leading artists in the Op Art movement of the 1960s used tiling patterns or modifications of tiling patterns in their art works. Victor Vasarely, a Hungarianborn painter working in France, created striking designs in stark black and white as well as in vibrant colors. Another Op artist is the English painter and designer Bridget Riley, whose work shows a mastery of the characteristic visual effects of Op art, with geometrically precise patterns that vibrate and flicker before our eyes. To better understand tessellations, let's review a few basic geometric terms and concepts. A Plane is a two-dimensional, flat surface that is infinite. Polygon is the general classification for plane shapes. A polygon is a simple closed shape, bounded by line segments. Polygons are named according to the number of sides and angles they contain. ie. - a triangle is 3 sided; a quadrilateral is 4 sided; a pentagon 5 sided; a hexagon is 6 sided; a heptagon is 7 sided; a octagon is 8 sided; a nonagon is 9 sided; a decagon is 10 sided Tessellation - a covering of an infinite plane, without any gaps or overlaps, by a pattern of one or more congruent shapes. Transformation - a movement of a figure to a new location, leaving the figure unchanged in size and shape. Four types of transformations (movements) 1. Translation (or slide) - A transformation/movement involving a slide of a rigid figure without changing their size or shape 2. Rotation - A transformation/movement that turns a figure about a point in a plane. 3. Reflection (or a flip) - A transformation that mirrors a figure in a plane 4. Glide Reflection - A transformation that moves a figure in a slide and also mirrors it.

6 2000- Chinese Year of the Dragon OHS: Objective: Activity Basic Steps: Rubric Concept/Skill: A1, A3, C2, S1, G3 Create visual texture using pen and ink Create a dragon from your imagination. Use pen and ink to add visual textures and details Alternate Activity: Create visual texture using scratch board (Chinese year of the Dragon Creativity Materials visual texture craftsmanship Vocabulary Rat Ox Tiger Rabbit Dragon Horse Ram Monkey Rooster Dog Snake Pig Notes: Dragon (Chinese Year of the Dragon-2000/yr. 4698, Feb 5 and 6)

7 OPTICAL ART Glossary Term: Op Art Op Art, also called Optical Art, was popular along side Pop Art. Op art is a branch of geometric, abstract art that deals with optical illusion. Op art artists used colors and shapes in precise ways to make colors, lines and shapes seem to pulsate and flicker. Two techniques used to achieve this effect are perspective illusion and chromatic tension. Artists used colors, lines and shapes repetitive and simple ways to create perceived movement and to trick the viewer's eye.. Some well-known artists of this period were Victor Vasarely, Bridget Riley and Larry Poons. Copyright Sanford What are the key characteristics of Op Art? First and foremost, Op Art exists to fool the eye. Op compositions create a sort of visual tension, in the viewer's mind, that gives works the illusion of movement. For example, concentrate on Bridget Riley's Dominance Portfolio, Blue (1977) - for even a few seconds - and it begins to dance and wave in front of one's eyes. Realistically, you know any Op Art piece is flat, static and two-dimensional. Your eye, however, begins sending your brain the message that what it's seeing has begun to oscillate, flicker, throb and any other verb one can employ to mean: "Yikes! This painting is moving!". Because of its geometrically-based nature, Op Art is, almost without exception, nonrepresentational. The elements employed (color, line and shape) are carefully chosen to achieve maximum effect. The critical techniques used in Op Art are perspective and careful juxtaposition of color (whether chromatic [identifiable hues] or achromatic [black, white or gray]). In Op Art, as in perhaps no other artistic school, positive and negative spaces in a composition are of equal importance. Op Art could not be created without both. Suggested Reading Op Artists - A Selected List Related Resources for Op Art Related Articles Glossary - Op Art Impressionism: Where Did It Come From?, Fine Arts - Fea... Art History Dada What is Art Deco? About Art History - Movements - Op Art - Do-It-Yourself...

8 Op Art Web Sites: Riley Vasarely M.C. Escher Jesus Soto Op Art that makes you dizzy Artlex s Definition Cool Images Tessellations