December 8 th The Greatest Person. The Worst Trust in Banks. What Ended It All?

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1 December 8 th 1947 c - The Greatest Person The Worst Trust in Banks What Ended It All?

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4 Contents Featured Articles 3 The Worst Trust in Banks By: Ben Brandvold What Ended it All 5 By: Ben Brandvold 7 The Worlds Greatest Person By: Ben Brandvold 7 1

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6 The Worst Trust in Banks By Ben Brandvold Starting in 1929 was the worst economic downturn in the history of the world. It started after the stock market crash. The Stock Market Crash started on October 24, 1929, as investors started to sell overpriced shares of companies. Known as Black Thursday, a record of almost 13 million shares were traded. Five days later on black Tuesday or October 29, 16 million people had traded their shares. The investors had got a loan to buy shares. The shares that they had bought cost more then they had sold them for on the Exchange. Then they could not pay their loans back. People stopped buying products because they did not have enough money. Therefore, factories did not get money so they had to stop making products. The factories didn t have any money to pay their workers, so they either had to fire their workers or they had to lower the workers pay. Since people could not pay their loans, the government took their houses and all of their property and cars. The people could not afford property, cars and jobs. Wen people took out loans and did not pay them back, the people that put money in to their bank accounts wanted it back. But they could not get their money back. Since the banks didn t have enough money they had to shut down. By 1930, 4 million people were out looking for a job. In 1931 it had risen up to 6 million. People waited in lines trying to get food, but farmers could not afford to harvest their crops. So the crops sat in the fields rotting. By 1932, 15 million people didn t have a job. In 1933 Franklin Roosevelt started making laws to get the US back in shape. Agencies were involved and they put new telephone poles up, planted trees, they put in public buildings and parks. 3

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8 What Ended It All By Ben Brandvold The Atomic Bomb ended World War II. During World War II, Scientist Robert Oppenheimer invented it. It took less than four years to develop the Atomic Bomb. The first Atomic Bomb was tested on July 16, 1945, in Alamogordo, New Mexico. The Bomb was dropped by Colonel Paul Tibbets in a Boeing B-29. During World War II, Scientist Robert Oppenheimer invented it. An Atomic Bomb is a nuclear weapon that can blow up a city and everyone in it. The first Atomic Bomb in World War II was called Little Boy. It was dropped in Nagasaki and Hiroshima. The decision to drop the bomb was made by President Truman, the Thirty-Third US President. When the Atomic Bomb goes off every thing around it vaporizes. Most damage comes from the explosive blast. The nuclear blast makes a shock wave of air to radiate outward, that can crush objects and build up high wind speeds. These speeds can knock down objects. When an Atomic Bomb is detonated, the material returns to earth as radioactive fallout. The streets of Hiroshima and Nagasaki burned bright red, like live charcoal. Roof-tiles and granite stone melted due to the intense heat. The effects of an Atomic Bomb are an intense light flash, then a sudden light flash. After there is a sudden wave of heat, and then you will hear the roar of the explosion. When it explodes it looks like a ball of fire, than a big mushroom looking cloud that reaches 40,000 feet in the air. The Hiroshima and Nagasaki explosion carried particles of uranium and plutonium that escaped fission. Following the explosion, these and other irradiated materials were carried high into the atmosphere and mixed with the heat and thermal currents from the firestorms led to rainfall in the form of Black Rain. The Black Rain was produced by fall-out partials were mixed with carbon residue from numerous city fires. Within minutes of the bombings, in both Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the deadly Black Rain fell. 5

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10 The Worlds Greatest Person By Ben Brandvold Franklin D. Roosevelt, the man who led us through part of World War II. Franklin loved politics, and that lead him to become the thirty-second President of the United States. Franklin D Roosevelt was born in Hyde Park, New York on January His mom was Sally and his dad was James Roosevelt. With his dad he liked to collect stamps, explore the woods and fields. In the winter he liked to go ice boating and sledding down the hills. He liked to spend time with his dad, he called him Popsy. His mom home schooled him until he was 13. Then he went to a boarding school called Groton when he was 14. His parents were proud of him because he was 4th of the 19 boys in his class for studies. His dad died on December 8, After he graduated from Groton he went to Harvard. He had success on the Crimson College Newspaper. On November 21, 1909 he became engaged to Eleanor Roosevelt, his long distant cousin. They were married on March 17, They went on a honeymoon for three months, and then moved to New York City. They had six children, but one of their children Franklin died of the flu when he was eight months old. Franklin got into politics and ran for office in After that, people wanted him to run for New York Senate. He ran and he won by 1,440 votes. He spent three years as a Senator, and met a newspaper man named Louis Howie. They became lifelong friends. In 1912 in Baltimore, Maryland he attended the Democratic Convention. He supported Governor Woodrow Wilson and Woodrow Wilson won. In 1913 he became Secretary of the US Navy. In 1914 the US joined forces against Germany in World War I. He demanded to lay a bed of underwater mines, so the German subs could not get to their ships. Franklin got polio in He had to get steel braces for his legs. Eleanor convinced Franklin to move to Springwood, Illinois. She said it would be better for him. The place that he moved into had no elevator, but they did 7

11 have a luggage elevator. The luggage elevator could fit him in it so he used that. He tried many things to help his legs, but nothing worked. Then he went to a pool and went for a swim and thought that it would help his legs. Franklin and Eleanor bought a cottage in Warm Springs, Illinois because victims of polio were going there. In 1932 He was elected as the 32nd president of the United States. After the Great Depression no, one trusted the banks to keep their money safe. So he made a four-day holiday for all the banks and no one could take money out of the banks. He hoped it would help people calm down. Franklin gave his first Fireside Chat on the radio in The Fireside Chat was a big success and the White House got a ton of letters and telegrams. In the first hundred days, Congress passed fifteen new laws to help people get back to work. It became known as the New Deal. He made new agencies to build public buildings, plant trees and put out fires. People had to pay more money in taxes to pay for all these agencies. Winston Churchill, begged Franklin to give them destroyers. On Sunday, December 7, 1941 Japanese warplanes attacked Pearl Harbor in the US territory of Hawaii. In fifteen minutes Japanese bombed the entire airfield. Over thirty-five hundred Americans died, two hundred and sixtyfive planes were destroyed and nine ships were destroyed. The next day Franklin said December 7, 1941 was a date that would live in infamy and declared war on Japan that day. The United States was now part of World War II. Franklin told the American people it will not only be a long war it will be a hard war. Franklin also said we are going to win the war and we are going to win the peace that follows Adolf Hitler became Chancellor of Germany the same year Franklin became President of the United States. In the late 1930s Hitler conquered almost all of Europe and over six million Jews had died. In 1940, Franklin's second term was almost over. No one ever thought Franklin would run for a third term, but since the war was going on he felt like he had to run. He did and he won. In July, Germany began bombing Britain. Every night fires were set all over London. The Prime Minister, 8

12 A breakthrough came in the Pacific on June 4, 1942, at the Battle of Midway. The Americans broke all of Japan's secret codes, so they knew about the attack and were ready for it. In four days, when it was over, the Americans had sunk all four Japanese carriers. On June 6, 1944, the attack known as D-day occurred. Within two weeks, over six hundred thousand soldiers and equipment had landed on Normandy. It was an unbelievable accomplishment. On May 7, 1945, Germany would surrender. During Franklin's fourth term, on April 12, 1945, Franklin woke up to a stiff neck and a headache. During lunch time he was sitting reading the newspaper and said he had a terrible headache. So Eleanor called the doctor to come, but it was too late. Franklin died of a popped blood vessel in his brain. 9

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