Innovation. Policy. Economy. National Bureau of Economic Research. Volume 2. edited by Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern.

Transcription

1 Innovation and the Economy Policy National Bureau of Economic Research edited by Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner and Scott Stern Volume 2 Table of Contents Some Economic Aspects of Antitrust Analysis in Dynamically Competitive Industries Intellectual Property: When Is It the Best Incentive System? Government Support for Commercial R&D: Lessons from the Israeli Experience Prospects for an Information-Technology-Led Productivity Surge * Do We Have a "New" Macroeconomy?

2 Innovation Policy and the Economy 2

3 Innovation Policy and the Economy 2 edited by Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner, and Scott Stern National Bureau of Economic Research Cambridge, Massachusetts The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England

4 NBER/Innovation Policy and the Economy, Number 2,2002 ISSN: E-ISSN: ISBN: Hardcover Paperback Published annually by The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts An electronic, full-text version of NBER/Innovation Policy Press Journals when a purchasing subscription. and the Economy is available from MIT Subscription Rates Hardcover/Print and Electronic: $58.00 Paperback/Print and Electronic: $25.00 Outside the U.S. and Canada add $10.00 for postage and handling. Canadians add 7% GST. Subscription and address changes should be addressed to: MIT Press Journals, Five Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA ; phone ; fax ; journals-orders@mit.edu. Claims will be honored free of charge if made within three months of the publication date of the issue. Claims may be submitted to journals-claims@mit.edu. Prices subject to change without notice. In the United Kingdom, continental Europe, and the Middle East and Africa, send back volume orders and business correspondence to: The MIT Press, Ltd., Fitzroy House, 11 Chenies Street, London WC1E 7ET England; phone ; fax ; info@hup-mitpress.co.uk. In the United States and for all other countries, send single copy and back volume orders to: The MIT Press, Five Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142; toll-free book orders ; fax ; mitpress-orders@mit.edu. phone Copyright Information Permission to photocopy articles for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients, is granted by the owner copyright for users registered with the Copyright Clear ance Center (CCC) Transactional Reporting Service, provided that the fee of $10.00 per copy is paid directly to CCC, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA The fee code for users of the Transactional Reporting Service is: /02 $ For those organizations that have been a granted photocopy license with CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged.? 2002 Technology. by the National Bureau of Economic Research and the Massachusetts Institute of This book was set in Palatino by Wellington Graphics, Westwood, Massachusetts. Printed and bound in the United States of America.

5 National Bureau of Economic Research Officers Carl F. Christ, Chairman Michael H. Moskow, Vice Chairman Martin Feldstein, President and Chief Executive Officer Susan Colligan, Vice President for Administration and Budget and Corporate Secretary Robert Mednick, Treasurer Kelly Horak, Controller and Assistant Corporate Secretary Gerardine Johnson, Assistant Corporate Secretary Directors at Large Peter C Aldrich Elizabeth E. Bailey John H. Biggs Andrew Brimmer Carl F. Christ John S. Clarkeson Don R. Conlan George C. Eads Martin Feldstein Stephen Friedman George Hatsopoulos Karen N. Horn Judy C Lewent John Lipsky Michael H. Moskow Alicia H. Munnell Rudolph A. Oswald Robert T. Parry Peter G. Peterson Richard N. Rosett Kathleen P. Utgoff Marina v. N. Whitman Martin B. Zimmerman Directors by University Appointment George Akerlof, California, Berkeley Jagdish Bhagwati, Columbia William C Brainard, Yale Michael J. Brennan, California, Los Angeles Glen G. Cain, Wisconsin Franklin Fisher, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Saul H. Hymans, Michigan Marjorie B. McElroy, Duke Joel Mokyr, Northwestern Andrew Postlewaite, Pennsylvania Nathan Rosenberg, Stanford Michael Rothschild, Princeton Craig Swan, Minnesota David B. Yoffie, Harvard Arnold Zellner, Chicago Directors by Appointment of Other Organizations Mark Drabenstott, American Agricultural Economics Gail D. Fosler, The Conference Board A. Ronald Gallant, American Statistical Robert S. Hamada, American Finance Robert Mednick, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Angelo Melino, Canadian Economics Richard D. Rippe, National for Business Economics John J. Siegfried, American Economic

6 VI National Bureau of Economie Research David A. Smith, American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations Josh S. Weston, Committee for Economic Development Gavin Wright, Economic History Directors Emeriti Thomas D. Flynn Lawrence R. Klein Franklin A. Lindsay Paul W. McCracken Bert Seidman Eli Shapiro Since this volume is a record of conference proceedings, it has been exempted from the rules gov erning critical review of manuscripts by the Board of Directors of the National Bureau (resolution adopted 8 June 1948, as revised 21 November 1949 and 20 April 1968).

7 Contents Introduction ix Adam B. Jaffe, Josh Lerner, and Scott Stern 1 Some Economic Aspects of Antitrust Analysis Competitive Industries 1 David S. Evans and Richard Schmalensee in Dynamically 2 Intellectual Property: When Is It the Best Incentive System? 51 Nancy Gallini and Suzanne Scotchmer 3 Government Support for Commercial R&D: Lessons from the Israeli Experience 79 Manuel Trajtenberg 4 Prospects for an Information-Technology-Led Productivity Surge 135 Timothy F. Bresnahan 5 Do We Have a "New" Macroeconomy? 163 J. Bradford DeLong