Cross-cutting Technology Challenges. That Must Be Faced: Technology Development at JSC. November 16, 2011

Transcription

1 Cross-cutting Technology Challenges That Must Be Faced: Technology Development at JSC American Astronomical Society National Conference November 6, 20 John Saiz JSC Chief Technologist

2 20 NASA Strategic Plan - Strategic Goal #3: Create the innovative new space technologies for our exploration, science, and economic future JSC Implementation Strategy (Draft) - Goal # Lead Human Exploration: Exploit the ISS as a cornerstone of human exploration, enable the commercialization of LEO, and extend human exploration beyond LEO Success Factor..2: Promote ISS as an exploration technology development test bed Success Factor.2.2: Support the development of additional commercial opportunities in space (e.g. satellite servicing, orbital debris removal, expanded access, R&D platforms, etc.) Success Factor.3.4: Lead maturation of human exploration technologies JSC s Research and Technology Dev t Commitments Technology Development Projects (Advanced Exploration, Human Research Program, Space Technology, JSC s IR&D) Technology and Innovation Infrastructure (Facilities, Fairs and Symposia, Open Innovation Capabilities, Workforce Initiatives)

3 Advanced Exploration -- Advanced development of exploration systems to reduce risk, lower lifecycle cost, and validate operational concepts for future human missions beyond Earth orbit (projects with JSC lead/participating included in parenthesis): Crew (Crew Mobility, Life Support, EVA, Habitation, Radiation Protection) Vehicle (Nuclear, Composites for Exploration, Autonomous Precision Landing, Power Module) Operations (Autonomous Mission Operations, Analogs) Robotic Precursor Activities (Imaging Near Earth Asteroids, Prospecting for Lunar Ice) JSC is leading 2 projects and participating in 9 of the remaining 3 AES projects

4 Human Research Program -- Provides human health and performance countermeasures, knowledge, technologies, and tools to enable safe, reliable, and productive human space exploration HRP investigates and mitigates the highest risks to human health and performance via an Integrated Research Plan The Human Research Roadmap documents the tasks necessary to fill the gaps associated with human health and performance risk elements: Space Radiation, Human Health Countermeasures, Exploration Medical Capability, Behavioral Health & Performance, Space Human Factors & Habitability The Human Research Program is managed at JSC

5 Economical Space Access Space Way Station High-Mass Planetary Surface Access OFFICE OF THE CHIEF TECHNOLOGIST Efficient In-Space Transportation Telepresence in Space 5 Space Debris Hazard Mitigation Manage In-Space Resources Space Health and Medicine 6 Space Colonization Near-Earth Object Detection and Mitigation All Access Mobility 0 Surviving Extreme Space Environments 2 New Tools of Discovery Enable Transformational Space Exploration and Scientific Discovery Affordable Abundant Power 3 Expand Human Presence in Space Space Technology Grand Challenges Crosswalk of Center-Level IR&D to Space Technology Grand Challenges (total # of IR&D projects in RED)

6 Center-Level IR&D to Space Technology Roadmaps Crosswalk (total # of IR&D projects in RED) OFFICE OF THE CHIEF TECHNOLOGIST

7 TA0 Launch Solid Rocket Propellants Case Materials Nozzle Hybrid Rocket Fundamental Solid Liquid Rocket LH2/LOX Based RP/LOX Based CH4/LOX Based Detonation Wave Engines (Closed Cycle) Propellants Fundamental Liquid Air Breathing TBCC RBCC Detonation Wave Engines (Open Cycle) Turbin-e Based Jet Engines (Flyback Boosters) Ramjet/ Scramjet Engines (Accelerators) Deeply-cooled Air Cycles Air Collection & Enrichment System Fundamental Air Breathing Ancillary Auxiliary Control Main (Excluding Engines) Launch Abort Thrust Vector Control Health & Pyro & Separation Fundamental Ancillary Unconventional / Other Ground Launch Assist Air Launch / Drop Space Tether Assist Beamed Energy / Energy Addition Nuclear High Energy Density Materials/Propellants TA02 In-Space Chemical Liquid Storable Liquid Cryogenic Gels Solid Hybrid Cold Gas/ Warm Gas Micro-propulsion Non-Chemical Electric Solar Sail Thermal Tether Advanced (TRL <3) Beamed Energy Electric Sail Fusion High Energy Density Materials Antimatter Advanced Fission Breakthrough Supporting Engine Health Monitoring & Safety Propellant Storage & Transfer Materials & Manufacturing Heat Rejection Power TA03 Space Power & Energy Storage Power Generation Energy Harvesting Chemical (Fuel Cells, Heat Engines) Solar (Photo-Voltaic & Thermal) Radioisotope Fission Fusion Energy Storage Batteries Flywheels Regenerative Fuel Cells Power & Distribution FDIR & Control Distribution & Transmission Wireless Power Transmission Conversion & Regulation Cross Cutting Technology Analytical Tools Green Energy Impact Multi-functional Structures Alternative Fuels TA04 Robotics, TeleRobotics & Autonomous Sensing & Perception Stereo Vision LIDAR Proximity Sensing Sensing Non- Geometric Terrain Properties Estimating Terrain Mechanical Properties Tactile Sensing Arrays Gravity & Celestial Nav. Terrain Relative Navigation Real-time Selfcalibrating of Handeye Mobility Simultaneous Localiz. & Mapping Hazard Detection Algorithms Active Illumination 3-D Path Planning w/ Uncertainty Long-life Extr. Enviro. Mechanisms Robotic Jet Backpacks Smart Tethers Robot Swarms Walking in Micro-g Manipulation Motion Planning Alg., High DOF Sensing & Control Robot Arms (light, high strength) Dexterous Manipul., Robot Hands Sensor Fusion for Grasping Grasp Planning Algorithms Robotic Drilling Mechanisms Multi-arm / Finger Manipulation Planning with Uncertainty Human- Integration Crew Decision Support Immersive Visualization Distributed Collaboration Multi Agent Coordination Haptic Displays Displaying Range Data to Humans Autonomy Spacecraft Control Vehicle Health, Prog/ Diag Human Life Support Planning/Scheduling Resources Operations Integrated Health FDIR & Diagnosis Space Technology Roadmaps: Technology Area Breakdown Structure (Proposed JSC Technology Core Competencies in Red) System Monitoring & Prognosis V&V of Complex Adaptive Automated Software Generation Software Reliability Semi Automatic Autonomous Rendezvous & Docking Rendezvous and Capture Low impact & Androgenous Docking & Interfaces Relative Navigation Robust AR&D GN&C Algorithms & FSW Onboard Mission Manager AR&D Integration & Standardization RTA Engineering Human safety Refueling Interfaces & Assoc. Tools Modular/Serviceable Interfaces High Perf., Low Power Onboard Computers Environment Tolerance Thermal Control Robot-to-Suit Interfaces Common Human- Robot Interfaces Crew Self Sufficiency TA05 Communication & Navigation Optical Comm. & Navigation Detector Development Large Apertures Lasers Acquisition & Tracking Atmospheric Mitigation Radio Frequency Communications Spectrum Efficient Power Efficient Propagation Flight & Ground Earth Launch & Reentry Comm. Antennas Internetworking Disruptive Tolerant Networking Adaptive Network Topology Information Assurance Integrated Network Position, Navigation, and Timing Timekeeping Time Distribution Onboard Auto Navigation & Maneuver & Vision Processing Relative & Proximity Navigation Auto Precision Formation Flying Auto Approach & Landing Integrated Radio Ultra Wideband Cognitive Networks Science from the Comm. System Hybrid Optical Comm. & Nav. RF/Optical Hybrid Technology Revolutionary Concepts X-Ray Navigation X-Ray Communications Neutrino-Based Navigation & Tracking Quantum Key Distribution Quantum Communications SQIF Microwave Amplifier Reconfigurable Large Apertures TA06 Human Health, Life Support & Habitation Environmental Control & Life Support & Habitation Air Revitalization Water Recovery & Waste Habitation Extravehicular Activity Pressure Garment Portable Life Support System Power, Avionics and Software Human Health & Performance Medical Diagnosis/ Prognosis Long-Duration Health Behavioral Health & Performance Human Factors & Performance Environmental Monitoring, Safety & Emergency Response : Air, Water, Microbial, etc. Fire: Detection, Suppression Protective Clothing / Breathing Remediation Radiation Risk Assessment Modeling Radiation Mitigation Protection Space Weather Prediction Monitoring Technology TA07 Human Exploration Destination In-Situ Resource Utilization Destination Reconnaissance, Prospecting, & Mapping Resource Acquisition Consumables Production Manufacturing & Infrastructure Emplacement Sustainability & Supportability Logistics Maintenance Repair Advanced Human Mobility EVA Mobility Surface Mobility Off-Surface Mobility Advanced Habitat Integrated Habitat Habitat Evolution Mission Operations & Safety Crew Training Environmental Protection Remote Mission Operations Planetary Safety Cross-Cutting Modeling, Simulations & Destination Characterization Construction & Assembly Dust Prevention & Mitigation TA08 Science Instruments, Observatories and Sensor Remote Sensing Instruments / Detectors & Focal Planes Electronics Optical Components Microwave / Radio Lasers Cryogenic / Thermal Observatories Mirror Structures & Antennas Distributed Aperture In-Situ Instruments / Particles: Charged & Neutral Fields & Waves In-Situ TA09 Entry, Descent & Landing Aeroassist & Atmospheric Entry Rigid Thermal Protection Flexible Thermal Protection Rigid Hypersonic Decelerators Deployable Hypersonic Decelerators Instrumentation & Health Monitoring Entry Modeling & Simulation Descent Attached Deployable Decelerators Trailing Deployable Decelerators Supersonic Retropropulsion GN&C Descent Modeling & Simulation Landing Touchdown Egress & Deployment Large Body GN&C Small Body Landing Modeling & Simulation Vehicle Technology Architecture Analyses Separation System Integration & Analyses Atmosphere & Surface Characterization TA0 Nanotechnology Engineered Materials & Structures Lightweight Structures Damage Tolerant Coatings Adhesives Thermal Protection & Control Energy Generation & Storage Energy Storage Energy Generation Energy Distribution Propellants Components In-Space, Electronics & Devices & Actuators Nanoelectronics Miniature Instruments TA Modeling, Simulation, Information Technology & Processing Computing Flight Computing Ground Computing Modeling Software Modeling & Model-Checking Integrated Hardware & Software Modeling Human-System Performance Modeling Science & Engineering Modeling Frameworks, Languages, Tools & Standards Simulation Distributed Simulation Integrated System Lifecycle Simulation Simulation- Based Engineering Simulation-Based Training & Decision Support Information Processing Science, Engineering & Mission Data Lifecycle Intelligent Data Understanding Semantic Collaborative Science & Engineering Advanced Mission TA2 Materials, Structures, Mechanical & Manufacturing Materials Lightweight Structure Computational Design Flexible Material Environment Special Materials Structures Lightweight Concepts Design & Certification Methods Reliability & Sustainment Test Tools & Methods Innovative, Multifunctional Concepts Mechanical Deployables, Docking and Interfaces Mechanism Life Extension Electro-mechanical, Mechanical & Micromechanisms Design & Analysis Tools and Methods Reliability / Life Assessment / Health Monitoring Certification Methods Manufacturing Manufacturing Processes Intelligent Integrated Manufacturing and Cyber Physical Electronics & Optics Manufacturing Process Sustainable Manufacturing Cross-Cutting Nondestructive Evaluation & Model-Based Certification & Sustainment Methods Loads and Environments TA3 Ground & Launch Processing to Optimize the Operational Life- Cycle Storage, Distribution & Conservation of Fluids Automated Alignment, Coupling, & Assembly Autonomous Command & Control for Ground and Integrated Vehicle/ Ground Environmental and Green Corrosion Prevention, Detection, & Mitigation Environmental Remediation & Site Restoration Preservation of Natural Ecosystems Alternate Energy Prototypes to Increase Reliability and Mission Availability Advanced Launch Environment- Hardened Materials and Structures Inspection, Anomaly Detection & Identification Fault Isolation and Diagnostics Prognostics Repair, Mitigation, and Recovery Communications, Networking, Timing & Telemetry to Improve Mission Safety/Mission Risk Range Tracking, Surveillance & Flight Safety Landing & Recovery & Components Weather Prediction and Mitigation Robotics / Telerobotics Safety TA4 Thermal Cryogenic Passive Thermal Control Active Thermal Control Integration & Modeling Thermal Control Heat Acquisition Heat Transfer Heat Rejection & Energy Storage Thermal Protection Entry / Ascent TPS Plume Shielding (Convective & Radiative) Sensor & Measurement TA5 Aeronautics Aerosciences Airframe Integration Drag Reduction Novel Configurations Airframe Aeroacoustics Computational Methods Robust Aero Formation Flight Wake Vortex VSTOL/ESTOL Reduce/Mitigate Sonic Boom Multidisciplinary Design & Analysis Tools Efficient Hypersonic Aero and Power Quiet Ultra-clean & Alternative Fuels Fuel Efficiency for STOL/ VTOL Supersonic Combined Cycle Hypersonic Aero-- Servo-Elasticity Robust Hybrid and Power Variable Cycle Alternative Engine Cycles Intelligent Engines Integrated Power Dynamics, Control, Navigation, Guidance, and Avionics Advanced Guidance Distributed Decision, Uncertainty, & Flight Path Distrib Flow Contr. of Veh. Dyn. Intelligent & Adaptive Control Fault-Tolerant IVHM On-Board Weather Pilot Vehicle Integration Synthetic & Enhanced Vision UAV in the NAS Advanced V&V Load, Vibr. & Stability Control Advanced Comm. Intelligent & Human Integrated Complex Interactive Separation Assurance Wake Vortex Architecture Vulnerability Analysis for Air Traffic Control Air Traffic Control for Adverse Weather Collaborative Decision Operational Maintenance Data Task & Attention Environmentally Friendly Aviation Super Density Operations

8 Unmanned Micro-g Flight Program (An Example) Innovation Description: Develop an unmanned microgravity aircraft to provide an inexpensive facility for reduced gravity experiments Project Scope: Fly a shoebox-sized payload from 5-8 lbs in a micro-g parabola for 0-5 seconds Relevance / Value to NASA: Increased ability to perform reduced gravity experiments at drastically lower cost Technical Objectives: Acquire and build a turbine-powered RC aircraft Modify the aircraft to carry 5-8 lbs of experimental payload Equip the aircraft with telemetry and autopilot to fly micro-g parabolas Demonstrate capabilities with incremental flight program Amount Awarded: Outcomes: $ 8.4 K Functional, small, ( Center Innovation Fund) unmanned microgravity Amount Expended: research platform $ 8.4 K All major work is completed, awaiting flight clearance

9 Technology and Innovation Infrastructure Creative spaces (Collaboration Center, Innovation Design Center, etc.) -- where employees from various parts of the Center can discuss events, issues, ideas, and what if scenarios Fairs and Symposia (Innovation 200+, S&MA Speaker Series, SLSD Brown Bag Lunch Series, TedEX, etc.) -- intended to foster creativity, move personnel outside of their normal circles, and expose the workforce to new ideas, issues and perspectives and highlight Inclusion & Innovation Council initiatives Open Innovation Capabilities DeVenci; National Human Health and Performance Center, etc.) Workforce Initiatives (R&D Mobility Assignments/Immersion Experiences, Cadre of Innovators ) -- provide a unique opportunity for JSC employees to benefit from immersion experiences to gain a full appreciation of innovative cultures outside of JSC, and for JSC to develop and maintain strategic partnerships, collaborations and alliances Yammer The Defense Venture Catalyst Initiative

10 Top Technological Challenges (JSC CT s Perspective)