BCS3323 Software Testing and Maintenance. Overview of Testing
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1 BCS3323 Software Testing and Maintenance Overview of Testing Editors Prof. Dr. Kamal Z. Zamli Dr. AbdulRahman A. Alsewari Faculty of Computer Systems & Software Engineering Authors
2 Chapter Description Aims To determine the necessary of the testing event. Differentiate between the error, defect, and failure. Identify the error, bug and failure creators. Expected Outcomes Students can explain the purpose of the testing Show some examples to support their understanding References ISTQB MSTB/GTB
3 Software is everywhere Software is part of our lives. We use software everywhere i.e. our mobile phone, washing machine, air bag controller etc. Why do we opt for software rather than hardware whenever possible? Easy to customize Does not wear out Our dependencies on software raise issues on quality and reliability. In God We Trust, The Rest We Test!!! 3
4 The need for software testing Software failures can lead to disastrous consequences Loss of data.. Loss of fortune.. Loss of lives..
5 Why do faults occur in software? Software designed and developed by human beings Who has limitations of knowledge, not everything Who have skills, but isn t perfect Who has the potential to create mistakes (errors) When trying to deliver the software under increasing pressure to strict deadlines No enough time to check. The assumptions may be wrong Systems may be incomplete 5
6 What do software faults cost? Lost huge cost such as in: $ 7billion has been lost by Ariane 5 Insufficient or nothing at all minor tiresomeness no visible or physical harmful impact software is not linear : Some times small input value may causes a very large effect 6
7 Safety-critical systems Death or injury can be caused based on Faults in software. Medical machine kills patients when using that machine to take radiation treatment (Therac-25) Many trains, vehicle kill people based on failure in break systems. Many aircraft crashes based on system failures Suicide actions based on bank systems overdraft letters 7
8 why is testing necessary? 8
9 Testing Terminologies
10 Software Testing - definition Software testing is the process of finding errors (i.e. sometimes involves executing the software of interest) and of validating the software/system against its specification. (ISTQB) 10
11 Error - Defect - Failure an error creator... Human a defect based on the error... Lead to failure
12 Where are the errors coming from? Errors in the Software Requirement Specifications (SRS) Software Design Specifications (SDS) Development and coding Implementation of the software and system Errors in the use of the system Environmental conditions Intentional damage Potential consequences of earlier errors, intentional damage, defects and failures. 12
13 Reliability vs faults Reliability: The software will not cause the failure of the system for a specified time under specified conditions Can a system be fault-free? (zero faults, right first time) Can a software system be reliable but still have faults? Is a fault-free software application always reliable? 13
14 Why not just "test everything"? In order to ensure software reliability, many combinations of possible input parameters, hardware/software environments, and system conditions need to be checked against for conformance. As example, consider the testing of Microsoft Excel software... - Even if only View Tab is considered for testing - 20 possible configuration to be tested... - Each configuration can take two possible values (i.e. checked or unchecked) - Gridlines color can have 56 values.. There are 2 20 x56 = 58,720,256 combinations to be tested... resulting into combinatorial explosion of test cases. If 5 minutes is required to execute one test case, then it would require 559 years to complete all tests merely for View tab option! Complete and exhaustive testing is impossible 14
15 Exhaustive testing? What is exhaustive testing? when all the testers are exhausted when all the planned tests have been executed exercising all combinations of inputs and preconditions How much time will exhaustive testing take? infinite time not much time impractical amount of time 15
16 How much testing is enough? it s never enough when you have done what you planned when your customer/user is happy when you have proved that the system works correctly when you are confident that the system works correctly it depends on the risks for your system 16
17 Course Evaluation Contact Hours: 2 hours lecture+ 2 hours lab Final Exam: 40% Course Work: 60% Course work consists of: 2 Tests: 30% 2 Individual Quizzes: 5% 4 Group Lab Sheet Assignments: 10% 1 Mini-Project & Presentation: 15% References: Dorothy Graham, Erik Van Veenendaal, Isabel Evans, Rex Black, Foundations of Software Testing, Thompson (2011) Brian Hambling, Peter Morgan, Angelina Samaroo, Geoff Thompson, Peter Williams, Software Testing: An ISTQB-ISEB Foundation Guide British Computer Society Series ( 2010) Penny Grubb, Armstrong A Takang Software Maintenance: Concepts and Practice World Scientific (2003) 17 17
18 Administrative Course website: Announcements Assignments + Papers Lecture Notes Links to required/recommended readings How to reach me: alsewari@ump.edu.my HP No: OFFICE Ext:
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