Windparks in tiefem Wasser: wie schwimmende Unterstrukturen das Potential von Offshore- Windenergieanlagen vervielfachen können

Transcription

1 Windparks in tiefem Wasser: wie schwimmende Unterstrukturen das Potential von Offshore- Windenergieanlagen vervielfachen können Bad Honnef 19 th of April 2018 Dr.-Ing. Frank Adam 4/23/ UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology

2 Personal introduction Dr.-Ing. Frank ADAM (married, 3 children) 2009 Diploma at the excellent Technical University of Dresden 2015 PhD (summa cum laude) at the Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg (Topic: System dynamic of floating offshore wind) Since 2015 group leader offshore wind at the University of Rostock Reviewer for several Journals within the field of Renewable Energy Member of: ISSC V.4 committee, IEC standard committee, ISOPE and ReNew conference technical committee Observer: DNV-GL JIP Floating offshore wind simulation, Friends of floating wind Publications: UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 2

3 Content of the presentation Motivation Introduction & wording Calcuation methodes Selected examples R&D work at the Endowed Chair of Wind Energy Technology NREL UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 3

4 Motivation UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 4

5 MOTIVATION - Floating offshore wind vision UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 5

6 Introduction & wording UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 6

7 GL (2012) Guidline for the Certification of Offshore Wind Turbines Introduction - Definition UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 7

8 GL (2012) Guidline for the Certification of Offshore Wind Turbines Introduction - Definition UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 8

9 Introduction - Substructures (approximately) 50m + Silvio Rodrigues et al UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 9

10 Introduction - Substructures Water depth Installation Certification Costs Environmental impact Fixed 0 50 m Design depending on the water depth Hugh and expensive transport & installation vessels needed Each support-structure need it s own certification Cost competitive for specific boundary conditions (water depth, distance to shore) Noisy pile driving, decommissioning issues Floating 50 x m Design independent from the water depth Transport & installation with the wind turbine on top; only small tug boats needed Type certification is possible On the way to be cost competitive No pile driving and nearly fully decommission UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 10

11 Introduction - Kind of floating solutions Gravity stabilized Buoyancy stabilized Mooring line stabilized UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 11

12 NREL Introduction - Floating stability F g = F b F g F b M G B F g = F b UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 12

13 NREL Kensetsu News Wikipedia SIEMENS BlueH Introduction - Floating solutions pilot plants kW MW MW 2018 Ideol 2.0MW MW 2016 Statoil 2.0MW MW MW MW 2013 Hitachi Mitsubishicorp WindPower Offshore UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 13

14 J. Møller (SIEMENS) Offshore Wind Conference June 2017 London Introduction - Floating wind marketed analysis UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 14

15 Introduction - Reduced LCOE VLS max = 8760h/a UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 15

16 Introduction - Reduced LCOE UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 16

17 Introduction - Bathymetry north sea m Water depth m Water depth 100 m Water depth UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 17

18 Source: J. Møller (SIEMENS) Offshore Wind Conference June 2017 London Introduction - Floating wind marketed analysis First demo Site: Hywind Size: 2,3 MW Turbine: SWT Foundation: Spar buoy Demonstration project off the coast of Norway First wind farm Site: Hywind Scotland Size: 30 MW Turbine: SWT World s first floating windfarm, all turbines installed, start of operation late Demo in France Site: Provence Grand Large Size: 24 MW Turbine: SWT Foundation: SBM 2025 Future markets Future markets for floating wind farms are seen in Japan, Taiwan and the US Full scale installations expected starting in Installed ,3MW Installed 53,3MW 1) 2) 1) Hywind wind farm illustration, Source: Statoil; 2) SBM offshore floater, Source: SBM UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 18

19 Introduction - Floating wind marketed analysis UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 19

20 Calcuation methodes UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 20

21 Power coefficient c p v u tip speed v w wind speed E. Hau: Windkraftanlagen: Grundlagen, Technik, Einsatz, Wirtschaftlichkeit l = v u /v w UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 21

22 Betz R. Gasch: Windkraftanlagen UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 22

23 Loads at profile UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 23

24 BEM UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 24

25 Loads at profile c² a a) c² a - a) UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 25

26 Loads UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 26

27 Selected examples UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 27

28 Principle Powers s buoyancy stabilized system UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 28

29 Statoils s gravity stabilized system UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 29

30 GICON s mooring line stabilized system UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 30

31 R&D work at the Endowed Chair of Wind Energy Technology UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 31

32 R&D work at the Chair with regard to floating wind Gravity stabilized Buoyancy stabilized Mooring line stabilized UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 32

33 R&D work at the Chair with regard to floating wind Gravity stabilized Buoyancy stabilized Mooring line stabilized Structural basis design Active controlled Spar- Buoy concept Transport and Installation process design etc. Reduce costs for fabrication via a structural optimization tool Tank tests & validation Code comparison (OC5&OC6) Simulation Code Verification Design of inter array cableing for floating offshore wind farms Floating O&M platforms for offshore wind In collaboration with Windrad Engineering wind turbine design Structural basis & detail design One-Step installation process Using composite materials Modularity design to get a flexible supply chain Reduce costs for fabrication via a structural optimization tool and flexible supply chain Tank tests & validation UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 33

34 Example #1: Universal Buoyancy Bodies UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 34

35 2MW D = 10.7m 6MW D = 14-15m 2MW D = 9.5m UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 35

36 6MW D = 14m USA 8MW D ~ 15m France 6MW D = 14m Germany UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 36

37 Universal buoyancy bodies: Reduced costs Applicable for different floaters etc. D ~ 16.5m H ~ 30m UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 37

38 UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 38

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40 Example #2: Adapted gravity stabilized (Spar Buoy) UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 40

41 UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 41

42 Example #3: Optimized mooring line stabilized (TLP) UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 42

43 Ultra-High-Performance-Concrete (UHPC) Compressive strength: Mpa Tensile strength: 3 20 MPa Flexural strength (reinforced): 5 75 MPa Fracture energy: kn/m Crack width: << 0.1 mm Carbonating: 1.5 mm after 3 years Water pen. depth.: not measurable Chloride-diffusion: not measurable Weight: t/m 3 Cost: 400 /t (steel > 3000 /t) UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 43

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46 Prepared by: Project TEAM Floating Offshore Foundation University Rostock Dr.-Ing. Frank Adam Albert-Einstein-Str. 2 D Rostock Phone: +49 (0) UNIVERSITY ROSTOCK Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Marine Technology 46